lutter
See also: Lutter
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lutər/, [ˈlud̥ɐ]
Etymology 1
From Middle Low German lūtter (“clean, pure, unmixed”).
Adjective
lutter (neuter lutter, plural and definite singular attributive lutter)
- sheer, all, nothing but
Etymology 2
See lut (“lute”).
Noun
lutter c
- indefinite plural of lut
French
Etymology
From Old French luitier, loitier, luiter, from Vulgar Latin luctāre, from Latin luctārī, present active infinitive of luctor (“struggle”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewg- (“bend, twist”). Compare Portuguese lutar, Spanish luchar, Catalan lluitar, Italian lottare, Romanian lupta.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ly.te/
audio (file)
Verb
lutter
- (intransitive) to struggle, to fight
- lutter contre la discrimination ― to fight/struggle against discrimination
- (sports) to wrestle
Conjugation
Conjugation of lutter (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | lutter | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | luttant /ly.tɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | lutté /ly.te/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | lutte /lyt/ | luttes /lyt/ | lutte /lyt/ | luttons /ly.tɔ̃/ | luttez /ly.te/ | luttent /lyt/ |
| imperfect | luttais /ly.tɛ/ | luttais /ly.tɛ/ | luttait /ly.tɛ/ | luttions /ly.tjɔ̃/ | luttiez /ly.tje/ | luttaient /ly.tɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | luttai /ly.te/ | luttas /ly.ta/ | lutta /ly.ta/ | luttâmes /ly.tam/ | luttâtes /ly.tat/ | luttèrent /ly.tɛʁ/ | |
| future | lutterai /ly.tʁe/ | lutteras /ly.tʁa/ | luttera /ly.tʁa/ | lutterons /ly.tʁɔ̃/ | lutterez /ly.tʁe/ | lutteront /ly.tʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | lutterais /ly.tʁɛ/ | lutterais /ly.tʁɛ/ | lutterait /ly.tʁɛ/ | lutterions /ly.tə.ʁjɔ̃/ | lutteriez /ly.tə.ʁje/ | lutteraient /ly.tʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | lutte /lyt/ | luttes /lyt/ | lutte /lyt/ | luttions /ly.tjɔ̃/ | luttiez /ly.tje/ | luttent /lyt/ |
| imperfect2 | luttasse /ly.tas/ | luttasses /ly.tas/ | luttât /ly.ta/ | luttassions /ly.ta.sjɔ̃/ | luttassiez /ly.ta.sje/ | luttassent /ly.tas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | lutte /lyt/ | — | luttons /ly.tɔ̃/ | luttez /ly.te/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- lutte
- lutteur
Related terms
- inéluctable
See also
- batailler
Further reading
- “lutter”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “lūctāri”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 5: J L, pages 438–440
Mòcheno
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “*hlūtraz?”)
Noun
lutter ?
- rhododendron
References
- “lutter” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Norwegian Bokmål
Noun
lutter m
- indefinite plural of lutt