lutra

See also: Lutra and lutră

Esperanto

Adjective

lutra (accusative singular lutran, plural lutraj, accusative plural lutrajn)

lutrine

Hypernyms

mamula (“mammalian”)

Related terms

lutro (“otter”)

Latin

lutra (an otter)

Alternative forms

(Classical) lytra
(Medieval) luter, lutrea, lutreus, lutrius, lutrum, lutrus

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *utrā, from Proto-Indo-European *udréh₂, the feminine form of *udrós, from the root *wed-. The source of the initial l- is unclear. It may have arisen by connection with lavō (“wash”), lupus (“wolf”) (interpreting otters as "water wolves") or lūdō (“play”) (referring to the playfulness of otters).

Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔνυδρις (énudris), Sanskrit उद्र (udra), Lithuanian ūdra, English otter, Russian выдра (vydra).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈlu.tra/, [ˈɫ̪ʊt̪rä]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈlu.tra/, [ˈluːt̪rä]

Noun

lutra f (genitive lutrae); first declension

an otter
- c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 8.109:
  Eāsdem partēs sibi ipsī Ponticī amputant fibrī perīculō urgente, ob hoc sē petī gnārī; castoreum id vocant medicī. Aliās animal horrendī morsūs arborēs iuxtā flūmina ut ferrō caedit, hominis parte conprehēnsā nōn ante quam frācta concrepuerint ossa morsūs resolvit. Cauda piscium hīs, cētera speciēs lutrae. Utrumque aquāticum, utrīque mollior plūmā pilus.
  Pontic beavers cut off their same parts in urgent danger, on account of which they are known to be hunted; doctors call this castor. Other times, the animal with an awesome bite fells trees near rivers as if with iron, they don't let go of their bites when a part of a human is caught until the bones crack broken. These have a fish's tail, the rest of the appearance is of an otter. Both aquatic, the hair of both softer than fluff.

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	lutra	lutrae
Genitive	lutrae	lutrārum
Dative	lutrae	lutrīs
Accusative	lutram	lutrās
Ablative	lutrā	lutrīs
Vocative	lutra	lutrae

Derived terms

lutrārius (Mediaeval Latin)
lutrīnus (Mediaeval Latin)

Descendants

Italo-Romance:
- Sicilian: lutra
  - → Maltese: lutra
Padanian:
- Emilian: ludra
- Friulian: lodre
- Lombard: ludra
- Piedmontese: ludra
- Romansch: lutra, ludra
- Venetian: lodra
Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Old French: lutre, leurre
  - French: loutre
    - → Romanian: lutră
    - → Turkish: lutr
- Walloon: lote
Vulgar Latin: *lontra
- Italo-Romance:
  - Corsican: lontra
  - Italian: lontra
    - → Albanian: lundër, lëndër
- Padanian:
  - Emilian: londra
  - Ladin: lontra
  - Piedmontese: londra
- Ibero-Romance:
  - Galician: lontra, londra
  - Portuguese: lontra
- Sardinian:
  - lontra
⇒ Vulgar Latin: *lutria
- Italo-Romance:
  - Neapolitan:
    Basilicata: utre
    Calabrian: ùtria, lùtria
    - →? Aragonese: lutria (or influenced by Mozarabic)
    - →? Spanish: lutria (or influenced by Mozarabic)
- Padanian:
  - Ligurian: lùdria, lùria
  - Piedmontese: lùdria, lòira
  - Venetian: lùdria
- Northern Gallo-Romance:
  - Old French: loirre
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
  - Aragonese: loira, aloira, ludria, lueira
    Ribagorçan: lúria
  - Catalan: llúdria, llúdriga
  - Occitan: loira
    Gascon: luèira, lèira
    Provençal: luria
- Ibero-Romance:
  - Asturian: llóndriga, llóndrigu
⇒ Vulgar Latin: *nutria
- Aragonese: nuria, noira
- Neapolitan:
  Salerno: nùtria
  - →? Aragonese: nutria, neutra (or influenced by Mozarabic)
  - →? Spanish: nutria (or influenced by Mozarabic)
Borrowings:
- → Hebrew: לוּטְרָה‎ (lútra)

References

“lūtra”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
lutra in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
lutra in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette

Anagrams

ultra

Romansch

Alternative forms

ludra (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran)

Etymology

From Latin lutra.

Noun

lutra f (plural lutras)

(Puter, Vallader) otter