lustro
See also: lustró and lustrò
Esperanto
lustro
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈlustro]
- Rhymes: -ustro
- Hyphenation: lus‧tro
Noun
lustro (accusative singular lustron, plural lustroj, accusative plural lustrojn)
- chandelier
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlu.stro/
- Rhymes: -ustro
- Hyphenation: lù‧stro
Etymology 1
From lustrare, from Latin lūstrāre (“to illuminate”).
Verb
lustro
- first-person singular present indicative of lustrare
Adjective
lustro (feminine lustra, masculine plural lustri, feminine plural lustre)
- shiny
- glossy
Descendants
- → Polish: lustro
Etymology 2
Deverbal from lustrare.
Noun
lustro m (plural lustri)
- shine, gloss
- prestige
Descendants
- → Turkish: lostra
Etymology 3
Learned borrowing from Latin lūstrum.
Noun
lustro m (plural lustri)
- five-year period; lustrum
- Synonym: quinquennio
Related terms
- trilustre
Latin
Etymology 1
From lūstrum (“a purificatory sacrifice”) + -ō.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈluːs.troː/, [ˈɫ̪uːs̠t̪roː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈlus.tro/, [ˈlust̪ro]
Verb
lūstrō (present infinitive lūstrāre, perfect active lūstrāvī, supine lūstrātum); first conjugation
- I purify by means of a propitiatory sacrifice.
- Synonym: perlūstrō
- (figuratively) I circle, move in a circle around. (because the priest offering such sacrifice did so)
- 9 CE, Ovid, Ibis 111–112:
- Exul inops errēs aliēnaque līmina lūstrēs,
exiguumque petās ōre tremente cibum.- May you wander as a poor exile and go round others' thresholds,
and ask with a trembling mouth for a bit of food.
- May you wander as a poor exile and go round others' thresholds,
- Exul inops errēs aliēnaque līmina lūstrēs,
- I wander over, traverse, roam.
- Synonyms: errō, pervagor, peragrō, vagor, discurrō, pererrō, perlūstrō, pālor
- (military) I review, examine.
- I review, survey, observe, examine.
- Synonyms: aspiciō, perlūstrō, recēnseō, circumspiciō, cōnspiciō, obeō, īnspiciō, arbitror, cōnsīderō, spectō, reputō, exsequor
- I illuminate, make bright. (circling celestial bodies: sun, moon etc.)
- Synonyms: clārō, incendō
Conjugation
| Conjugation of lūstrō (first conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | lūstrō | lūstrās | lūstrat | lūstrāmus | lūstrātis | lūstrant |
| imperfect | lūstrābam | lūstrābās | lūstrābat | lūstrābāmus | lūstrābātis | lūstrābant | |
| future | lūstrābō | lūstrābis | lūstrābit | lūstrābimus | lūstrābitis | lūstrābunt | |
| perfect | lūstrāvī | lūstrāvistī | lūstrāvit | lūstrāvimus | lūstrāvistis | lūstrāvērunt, lūstrāvēre | |
| pluperfect | lūstrāveram | lūstrāverās | lūstrāverat | lūstrāverāmus | lūstrāverātis | lūstrāverant | |
| future perfect | lūstrāverō | lūstrāveris | lūstrāverit | lūstrāverimus | lūstrāveritis | lūstrāverint | |
| passive | present | lūstror | lūstrāris, lūstrāre | lūstrātur | lūstrāmur | lūstrāminī | lūstrantur |
| imperfect | lūstrābar | lūstrābāris, lūstrābāre | lūstrābātur | lūstrābāmur | lūstrābāminī | lūstrābantur | |
| future | lūstrābor | lūstrāberis, lūstrābere | lūstrābitur | lūstrābimur | lūstrābiminī | lūstrābuntur | |
| perfect | lūstrātus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | lūstrātus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | lūstrātus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | lūstrem | lūstrēs | lūstret | lūstrēmus | lūstrētis | lūstrent |
| imperfect | lūstrārem | lūstrārēs | lūstrāret | lūstrārēmus | lūstrārētis | lūstrārent | |
| perfect | lūstrāverim | lūstrāverīs | lūstrāverit | lūstrāverīmus | lūstrāverītis | lūstrāverint | |
| pluperfect | lūstrāvissem | lūstrāvissēs | lūstrāvisset | lūstrāvissēmus | lūstrāvissētis | lūstrāvissent | |
| passive | present | lūstrer | lūstrēris, lūstrēre | lūstrētur | lūstrēmur | lūstrēminī | lūstrentur |
| imperfect | lūstrārer | lūstrārēris, lūstrārēre | lūstrārētur | lūstrārēmur | lūstrārēminī | lūstrārentur | |
| perfect | lūstrātus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | lūstrātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | lūstrā | — | — | lūstrāte | — |
| future | — | lūstrātō | lūstrātō | — | lūstrātōte | lūstrantō | |
| passive | present | — | lūstrāre | — | — | lūstrāminī | — |
| future | — | lūstrātor | lūstrātor | — | — | lūstrantor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | lūstrāre | lūstrāvisse | lūstrātūrum esse | lūstrārī | lūstrātum esse | lūstrātum īrī | |
| participles | lūstrāns | — | lūstrātūrus | — | lūstrātus | lūstrandus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| lūstrandī | lūstrandō | lūstrandum | lūstrandō | lūstrātum | lūstrātū | ||
Derived terms
- illūstrō
- lūstrāmen
- lūstrāmentum
- lūstrātiō
- lūstrātor
- lūstricus
- lūstrificus
Descendants
- English: lustre
- French: lustrer
- Italian: lustrare
- Lombard: lustrà
- Piedmontese: lustré
- Spanish: lustrar
Etymology 2
From lustrum (“a brothel, whorehouse”) + -ō.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈlus.troː/, [ˈɫ̪ʊs̠t̪roː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈlus.tro/, [ˈlust̪ro]
Noun
lustrō m (genitive lustrōnis); third declension
- a vagabond, wanderer, roamer
Declension
Third-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | lustrō | lustrōnēs |
| Genitive | lustrōnis | lustrōnum |
| Dative | lustrōnī | lustrōnibus |
| Accusative | lustrōnem | lustrōnēs |
| Ablative | lustrōne | lustrōnibus |
| Vocative | lustrō | lustrōnēs |
References
- “lustro”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “lustro”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- lustro in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to scrutinise, examine closely: perlustrare, lustrare oculis aliquid
- to review an army: recensere, lustrare, recognoscere exercitum (Liv. 42. 31)
- to scrutinise, examine closely: perlustrare, lustrare oculis aliquid
Polish
Etymology
Borrowed from Italian lustro.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlus.trɔ/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ustrɔ
- Syllabification: lus‧tro
Noun
lustro n (diminutive lusterko)
- mirror
- Synonym: zwierciadło
Declension
Declension of lustro
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | lustro | lustra |
| genitive | lustra | luster |
| dative | lustru | lustrom |
| accusative | lustro | lustra |
| instrumental | lustrem | lustrami |
| locative | lustrze | lustrach |
| vocative | lustro | lustra |
Derived terms
adjective
- lustrzany
noun
- lustrzanka
verb
- lustrzyć
Further reading
- lustro in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- lustro in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Latin lūstrum, denoting a lavatory sacrifice after a quinquennial census, possibly cognate to luō (“to wash, to cleanse”).
Noun
lustro m (plural lustros)
- lustrum; five-year period
- Synonym: quinquênio
Verb
lustro
- first-person singular present indicative of lustrar
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlustɾo/ [ˈlus.t̪ɾo]
- Rhymes: -ustɾo
- Syllabification: lus‧tro
Etymology 1
From Latin lustrum, denoting a lavatory sacrifice after a quinquennial census, possibly cognate to luō (“to wash, cleanse”).
Noun
lustro m (plural lustros)
- lustrum; five-year period
- Synonym: quinquenio
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
lustro
- first-person singular present indicative of lustrar
Further reading
- “lustro”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014