lounas
Finnish
Etymology
Proto-Finnic *louna + -as, from Proto-Finno-Permic *lowna (“day, midday”). Cognates include Karelian lounat (“evening/main meal”), Veps louna, Votic lõunõd (“south, lunch”), Estonian lõuna (“south, lunch”) and Komi-Permyak лун (lun). Permic cognates have the meaning "day", whereas Baltic-Finnic cognates denote the direction where the Sun is at midday or the meal eaten at midday.
The compass point meaning was clarified in the 19th century and inverted compared to Estonian: southwest is lounas in Finnish and edel in Estonian while south is etelä in Finnish and lõuna in Estonian. In earlier text and dialects lounas may mean either south, southwest or southeast. Compare lounatuuli (“southern wind”). [1].
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlou̯nɑs/, [ˈlo̞u̯nɑs̠]
- Rhymes: -ounɑs
- Syllabification(key): lou‧nas
Noun
lounas
- southwest
- lunch
Declension
| Inflection of lounas (Kotus type 41/vieras, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | lounas | lounaat | |
| genitive | lounaan | lounaiden lounaitten | |
| partitive | lounasta | lounaita | |
| illative | lounaaseen | lounaisiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | lounas | lounaat | |
| accusative | nom. | lounas | lounaat |
| gen. | lounaan | ||
| genitive | lounaan | lounaiden lounaitten | |
| partitive | lounasta | lounaita | |
| inessive | lounaassa | lounaissa | |
| elative | lounaasta | lounaista | |
| illative | lounaaseen | lounaisiin lounaihinrare | |
| adessive | lounaalla | lounailla | |
| ablative | lounaalta | lounailta | |
| allative | lounaalle | lounaille | |
| essive | lounaana | lounaina | |
| translative | lounaaksi | lounaiksi | |
| instructive | — | lounain | |
| abessive | lounaatta | lounaitta | |
| comitative | — | lounaineen | |
| Possessive forms of lounas (type vieras) | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | singular | plural |
| 1st person | lounaani | lounaamme |
| 2nd person | lounaasi | lounaanne |
| 3rd person | lounaansa | |
Antonyms
- (southwest) koillinen
Coordinate terms
- (compass points)
| luode | pohjoinen | koillinen |
| länsi |  | itä |
| lounas | etelä | kaakko |
Derived terms
Derived terms
- lounainen
- lounais-
- lounasaika
- lounastaa
References
- Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN
Anagrams
- suolan