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单词 lose
释义

lose

See also: Lose, lóse, lòse, löse, loše, and løse

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English losen, from Old English losian, from Proto-Germanic *lusōną, *luzōną, from Proto-Germanic *lusą.

Pronunciation

  • enPR: lo͞oz, IPA(key): /luːz/
  • Audio (UK)(file)
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Homophone: loos
  • Rhymes: -uːz

Verb

lose (third-person singular simple present loses, present participle losing, simple past and past participle lost)

  1. (transitive) To cause (something) to cease to be in one's possession or capability due to unfortunate or unknown circumstances, events or reasons.
    • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 19, in The China Governess‎:
      Meanwhile Nanny Broome was recovering from her initial panic and seemed anxious to make up for any kudos she might have lost, by exerting her personality to the utmost. She took the policeman's helmet and placed it on a chair, and unfolded his tunic to shake it and fold it up again for him.
    • 2008 November 21, Graham Linehan, The IT Crowd, Season 3, Episode 1:
      Douglas: I took some of the pension money out of the bank and I lost it on a horse.
      Nolan: Gambling with our employees' pensions?
      Douglas: Gambling? No. I was riding the horse. It fell out of my pocket.
    • 2011 April 15, Saj Chowdhury, “Norwich 2-1 Nott'm Forest”, in BBC Sport:
      Forest, who lost striker Kris Boyd to injury seconds before half-time, produced little after the break, with a Tyson sliced shot from 12 yards their only opportunity of note.
    If you lose that ten-pound note, you'll be sorry.
    He lost his hearing in the explosion.
    She lost her position when the company was taken over.
    1. (transitive) To have (an organ) removed from one's body, especially by accident.
      Johnny lost a tooth, but kept it for the tooth fairy.
      He lost his spleen in a car wreck.
    2. (transitive) To shed (weight).
      I’ve lost five pounds this week.
    3. (transitive) To experience the death of (someone to whom one has an attachment, such as a relative or friend).
      She lost all her sons in the war.
    4. (transitive) To give or owe (money) after losing a bet.
    5. To be deprived of access to something.
      Users who engage in disruptive behavior may lose their accounts.
  2. To wander from; to miss, so as not to be able to find; to go astray from.
    I lost my way in the forest.
    • 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene ii]:
      He hath lost his fellows.
  3. (transitive) To fail to win (a game, competition, trial, etc).
    We lost the football match.
    You just lost The Game.
    • 1692, John Dryden, Cleomenes, the Spartan Hero, a Tragedy
      I fought the battle bravely which I lost, / And lost it but to Macedonians.
    • 2022 September 7, Trump Tried to Pay Lawyer with a Horse, Also Stole Material on Foreign Nation's Nuclear Capabilities‎ (Comedy), The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon, archived from the original on 08 September 2022, spoken by Jimmy Fallon, 5:25 from the start:
      Well, some news from overseas: according to a new report, Russia is now buying military supplies from North Korea. Yep, Russia's asking North Korea for help. Uh, tell us you're losing the war without telling us you're losing the war.
  4. (transitive) To be unable to follow or trace (somebody or something) any longer.
    The policeman lost the robber he was chasing.
    Mission control lost the satellite as its signal died down.
  5. (transitive) To cause (somebody) to be unable to follow or trace one any longer.
    We managed to lose our pursuers in the forest.
  6. (transitive) To cease exhibiting; to overcome (a behavior or emotion).
    • 2007, Ron Liebman, Death by Rodrigo, New York: Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, page 134:
      I can see Mickie getting hot, I'm about to grab his arm, hold him back, say, Whoa, whoa, Mick, not here, it ain't worth it what happened inside just now. But I don't need to because Mickie loses his anger, starts smiling at ponytail, then melodramatically starts looking around at the men and women on the street going in and out of the courthouse.
    • 2012, Tracy Brooks, Dancing in the Rain, →ISBN, page 349:
      Her attitude was so bad my mother wound up telling her, “You know we really don't have to be standing here talking to you, so you can lose the attitude or you can leave.
  7. (transitive, informal) To shed, remove, discard, or eliminate.
    When we get into the building, please lose the hat.
    • 1976, Martine, Sexual Astrology:
      You can bet that the next woman who "loses" the top half of her bikini at the beach was born under the sign of Libra.
  8. Of a clock, to run slower than expected.
    My watch loses five minutes a week.
    It's already 5:30? My watch must have lost a few minutes.
  9. (ditransitive) To cause (someone) the loss of something; to deprive of.
    • 1650, Richard Baxter, The Saints' Everlasting Rest
      O false heart! thou hadst almost betrayed me to eternal flames, and lost me this glory.
    • a. 1699, Sir William Temple, 1st Baronet, On the Excesses of Grief
      How should you go about to lose him a wife he loves with so much passion?
    • 2002, Colin Jones, The Great Nation, Penguin 2003, page 556:
      This lost Catholicism […] any semblance of a claim to special status, and also highlighted the gains which other religious formations had derived from the Revolution.
  10. To fail to catch with the mind or senses; to miss.
    I lost a part of what he said.
Usage notes
  • Not to be confused with loose.
Conjugation
Conjugation of lose
infinitive(to) lose
present tensepast tense
1st-person singular lose lost
2nd-person singular lose, losest† lost, lostest†
3rd-person singular loses, loseth† lost
plural lose
subjunctive lose lost
imperative lose —
participles losing lost

†Archaic or obsolete.

Synonyms
  • (cause to cease to be in one's possession): leave behind, mislay
  • (fail to win (something): forfeit
  • (shed (weight): drop, shed
  • (have (somebody of one's kin) die):
  • (be unable to follow or trace (somebody or something) any longer):
  • (shed, remove, discard, eliminate): ditch, drop, dump, get rid of, jettison
Antonyms
  • (cause to cease to be in one's possession): come across, discover, find, gain, acquire, procure, get, pick up, snag
  • (fail to win (something): win
  • (shed (weight): gain, put on
  • (have (somebody of one's kin) die):
  • (be unable to follow or trace (somebody or something) any longer): find
  • (shed, remove, discard, eliminate): pick up
  • (fail to be the winner): come first, win
Derived terms
  • lose heart
  • lose it
  • lose no time
  • lose one's cool
  • lose oneself
  • lose one's head
  • lose one's life
  • lose one's lunch
  • lose one's marbles
  • lose one's mind
  • lose one's patience
  • lose one's rag
  • lose one's temper
  • lose one's way
  • lose out
  • lose patience
  • lose the dressing room
  • lose the plot
  • lose the run of oneself
  • lose time
  • no love lost
  • losel
  • loser
  • loss
Descendants
  • Chinese Pidgin English: loosee
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 2

From Old French los, loos, from Latin laudēs, plural of laus (“praise”).

Noun

lose

  1. (obsolete) Fame, renown; praise.
    • 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto XII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938:
      That much he feared least reprochfull blame / With foule dishonour him mote blot therefore; / Besides the losse of so much loos and fame […].

Anagrams

  • EOLs, ESOL, Elos, LEOs, Leos, OELs, Sole, elos, leos, selo, sloe, sole

Alemannic German

Etymology

From Middle High German losen, from Old High German hlosēn, from Proto-Germanic *hlusēną. Cognate with English listen; see there for more.

Pronunciation

  • (Zurich) IPA(key): /ˈlozə/, /ˈlɔzə/

Verb

lose (third-person singular simple present loset, past participle gloset, auxiliary haa)

  1. to hear, listen
    • 1903, Robert Walser, Der Teich:
      I ha allwäg nüt anders z'mache, als nume uf dini Chlage z’lose.
      I never have to do anything but listen to your complaints.

Czech

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈlosɛ]
  • Rhymes: -osɛ
  • Hyphenation: lo‧se

Noun

lose

  1. vocative singular of los
    • 1874, “Písně běloruské”, in František Vymazal, editor, Slovanská poezije‎, Brno: Matice moravská, page 236:
      „A což ty, lose, což ty nebohý,
      Tak k dědině přivykáš?
      A což ty, lose, což ty nebohý,
      Zimičku lichou předvídáš?“
      (please add an English translation of this quote)

Anagrams

  • Elso
  • osel
  • osle
  • selo

German

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈloːzə/

Etymology 1

Old High German lōs. Cognate with English loose.

Alternative forms

  • los (also a distinct word, but not separable in many contexts)

Adjective

lose (strong nominative masculine singular loser, comparative loser, superlative am losesten)

  1. loose, slack
Declension
Positive forms of lose
number & gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuterall genders
predicativeer ist losesie ist losees ist losesie sind lose
strong declension
(without article)		nominativeloserloseloseslose
genitivelosenloserlosenloser
dativelosemloserlosemlosen
accusativelosenloseloseslose
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativeder losedie losedas losedie losen
genitivedes losender losendes losender losen
dativedem losender losendem losenden losen
accusativeden losendie losedas losedie losen
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeein losereine loseein loses(keine) losen
genitiveeines loseneiner loseneines losen(keiner) losen
dativeeinem loseneiner loseneinem losen(keinen) losen
accusativeeinen loseneine loseein loses(keine) losen
Comparative forms of lose
number & gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuterall genders
predicativeer ist losersie ist loseres ist losersie sind loser
strong declension
(without article)		nominativelosererloserelosereslosere
genitiveloserenlosererloserenloserer
dativeloseremlosererloseremloseren
accusativeloserenloserelosereslosere
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativeder loseredie loseredas loseredie loseren
genitivedes loserender loserendes loserender loseren
dativedem loserender loserendem loserenden loseren
accusativeden loserendie loseredas loseredie loseren
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeein loserereine losereein loseres(keine) loseren
genitiveeines losereneiner losereneines loseren(keiner) loseren
dativeeinem losereneiner losereneinem loseren(keinen) loseren
accusativeeinen losereneine losereein loseres(keine) loseren
Superlative forms of lose
number & gendersingularplural
masculinefeminineneuterall genders
predicativeer ist am losestensie ist am losestenes ist am losestensie sind am losesten
strong declension
(without article)		nominativelosesterlosestelosestesloseste
genitivelosestenlosesterlosestenlosester
dativelosestemlosesterlosestemlosesten
accusativelosestenlosestelosestesloseste
weak declension
(with definite article)		nominativeder losestedie losestedas losestedie losesten
genitivedes losestender losestendes losestender losesten
dativedem losestender losestendem losestenden losesten
accusativeden losestendie losestedas losestedie losesten
mixed declension
(with indefinite article)		nominativeein losestereine losesteein losestes(keine) losesten
genitiveeines losesteneiner losesteneines losesten(keiner) losesten
dativeeinem losesteneiner losesteneinem losesten(keinen) losesten
accusativeeinen losesteneine losesteein losestes(keine) losesten

Verb

lose

  1. inflection of losen:
    1. first-person singular present
    2. first/third-person singular subjunctive I
    3. singular imperative

Further reading

  • “lose” in Duden online
  • “lose” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

lose (present tense losar/loser, past tense losa/loste, past participle losa/lost, passive infinitive losast, present participle losande, imperative lose/los)

  1. Alternative spelling of lóse
  2. Alternative spelling of lòse

Serbo-Croatian

Noun

lose (Cyrillic spelling лосе)

  1. vocative singular of los

Slovene

Noun

lose

  1. accusative plural of los
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