lopen
English
Noun
lopen (plural lopens)
- (Bhutan) A teacher or master.
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈloːpə(n)/
audio (Netherlands) (file) - Hyphenation: lo‧pen
- Rhymes: -oːpən
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch lôpen, from Old Dutch lōpan, *loupan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan, from Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną (“to run”).
Alternative forms
- loopen (obsolete)
Verb
lopen
- (intransitive, chiefly Belgium) to run, go fast on one's own legs
- Ik ben naar de stad gelopen.
- I ran to the city.
- Synonyms: hardlopen, hollen, rennen
- (intransitive, chiefly Belgium) to run, cover distance, follow a track etc.
- Hij heeft daar veel gelopen.
- He did a lot of running there.
- Synonyms: hardlopen, hollen, rennen
- (intransitive, chiefly Netherlands) to walk, go somewhere regardless of speed
- Ik ben naar de stad gelopen.
- I walked to the city.
- Synonyms: gaan, stappen, wandelen
- (intransitive, chiefly Netherlands) to walk in general
- Hij heeft daar veel gelopen.
- He did a lot of walking there.
- Synonyms: gaan, stappen, wandelen
- (intransitive) to stretch, to run (to extend in space or through a range) (often of relatively elongated objects or constructs)
- (intransitive) to be current, activated, in progress
- De rechtzaak tegen de crimineel loopt al een tijdje.
- The lawsuit against the criminal has been in progress for a while already.
- (intransitive) to be doing or functioning (well or poorly), to progress
- Zijn nieuwe project loopt goed.
- His new project is doing well.
- (intransitive) to lose liquid: drip, gush, leak
- Synonyms: lekken, druppen
- (auxiliary, with te) Forms a continuous aspect. Although it carries an implication of walking, this is vague and not emphasized.
- Wat loop jij daar te doen?
- What are you doing there?
Usage notes
In Flanders, the word usually means "to run", while in the Netherlands it usually means "to walk". An identical phrase will thus be interpreted differently depending on the area where the speaker comes from. In Netherlands, rennen is the common word for run.
Inflection
| Inflection of lopen (strong class 7) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | lopen | |||
| past singular | liep | |||
| past participle | gelopen | |||
| infinitive | lopen | |||
| gerund | lopen n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | loop | liep | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | loopt | liep | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | loopt | liep | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | loopt | liept | ||
| 3rd person singular | loopt | liep | ||
| plural | lopen | liepen | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | lope | liepe | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | lopen | liepen | ||
| imperative sing. | loop | |||
| imperative plur.1 | loopt | |||
| participles | lopend | gelopen | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
Derived terms
- geloop
- loops
- loper
- aflopen
- belopen
- doodlopen
- doorlopen
- hardlopen
- inlopen
- leeglopen
- meelopen
- nalopen
- omlopen
- onderlopen
- ontlopen
- oplopen
- overlopen
- rondlopen
- toelopen
- uitlopen
- uiteenlopen
- vastlopen
- verlopen
- vollopen
- loopjongen
- loopkat
- looppas
- looprek
- het op een lopen zetten
- lopen als een trein
Descendants
- Afrikaans: loop
- Negerhollands: loop, loo, lo, lu
- Skepi Creole Dutch: lop, louphe, luffi, loup
Etymology 2
From Middle Dutch loope, lopin (perhaps cognate with French), presumably a diminutive of loop (“jump”), cognate with Old English leap.
Alternative forms
- loope
- loop
Noun
lopen m (uncountable, diminutive loopje n)
- A dry measure of content
- An apparently larger land measure
Derived terms
- loopzaad
- loopense
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
lopen
- Plural form of loop
Anagrams
- Polen
Finnish
Etymology
Singular instructive of now dialectal loppi. Probably influenced by loppu (“end”) (which is itself derived from loppi).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlopen/, [ˈlo̞pe̞n]
- Rhymes: -open
- Syllabification(key): lo‧pen
Adverb
lopen (not comparable)
- an intensifier used with a small number of adjectives, usually with a negative connotation; altogether, to death
- Olen lopen kyllästynyt tähän paikkaan!
- I'm fed up to here with this place! / I'm sick to death of this place!
- (dialectal, Central Ostrobothnia) Synonym of lopulta (“ultimately, in the end”).
Usage notes
Lopen most commonly appears in a few fixed phrases: lopen uupunut, "exhausted"; lopen kyllästynyt, "fed up", "had enough".
Noun
lopen
- genitive singular of loppi
- accusative singular of loppi
References
- “lopen”, in Suomen murteiden sanakirja [Dictionary of Finnish Dialects] (online dictionary, incomplete, continuously updated, in Finnish), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten keskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2022.
Anagrams
- pelon
Low German
Alternative forms
- loupen (New Saxon Spelling)
Etymology
From Middle Low German lôpen, from Old Saxon hlōpan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan, from Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną, from Proto-Indo-European *klewb- (“to spring, stumble”).
Cognate with Dutch lopen, German laufen (“to run”), West Frisian ljeppe, English leap, Danish løbe, Swedish löpa (“to run”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [loːpm̩]
- IPA(key): [lɔʊ̯pm̩] ˈmerger of /oː/ and /ɔʊ̯/'
Verb
lopen (past singular leep, past participle lopen, auxiliary verb hebben, wesen)
- to leap, run
Conjugation
| infinitive | lopen | |
|---|---|---|
| indicative | present | preterite |
| 1st person singular | loop | leep |
| 2nd person singular | löpps(t) | leeps(t) |
| 3rd person singular | löpp(t) | leep |
| plural | loopt, loopen | lepen |
| imperative | present | — |
| singular | loop | |
| plural | loopt | |
| participle | present | past |
| lopen | (e)lopen, gelopen | |
| Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. | ||
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch lōpan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan, from Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną (“to run”).
Verb
lôpen
- to run (on foot)
- to go, to run, to move
- to run, to flow
- to go, to stretch (of roads, rivers etc.)
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
- Dutch: lopen
- Afrikaans: loop
- Negerhollands: loop, loo, lo, lu
- Skepi Creole Dutch: lop, louphe, luffi, loup
- Limburgish: loupe
Further reading
- “lopen”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “lopen (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II
Middle Low German
Etymology
From Old Saxon hlōpan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan, from Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną.
Pronunciation
- (originally) IPA(key): /lɔːpən/
Verb
lôpen
- to run, to sprint, to hurry, to haste
- to run, to flow
- to run, to total, to amount to
- to happen, to occur
- to live, to spend one's life or time
Declension
Declined as a class 7 strong verb.
Descendants
- Low German: lopen
Westrobothnian
Adjective
lopen
- Soft, loose; of roads winter time when the thaw occurs.