liquor

See also: liqueur

English

Alternative forms

liquour (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English licour, from Anglo-Norman licour, from Latin liquor (“fluidity, liquidness, a fluid, a liquid”), from liquere (“to be fluid or liquid”); see liquid. Doublet of liqueur.

Pronunciation

(UK) IPA^(key): /ˈlɪk.ə(ɹ)/
(US) IPA^(key): /ˈlɪk.ɚ/
Homophone: licker
Audio (UK) (file)
Rhymes: -ɪkə(ɹ)

Noun

liquor (countable and uncountable, plural liquors)

(obsolete) A liquid, a fluid.
- 1665, Robert Hooke, Micrographia:
  Thus Water also, or any other Liquor, included in a convenient vessel, by being warmed, manifestly expands it self with a very great violence […]
- 1859, Edward Fitzgerald, The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám: The Astronomer-Poet of Persia, page 1:
  Dreaming when Dawn's Left Hand was in the Sky
  I heard a Voice within the Tavern cry,
  "Awake, my Little ones, and fill the Cup
  Before Life's Liquor in its Cup be dry."
(obsolete) A drinkable liquid.
A liquid obtained by cooking meat or vegetables (or both).
Synonyms: stock, (American English) pot liquor, broth, bouillon
(UK, cooking) A parsley sauce commonly served with traditional pies and mash.
(chiefly US, Canada) Strong alcoholic drink derived from fermentation and distillation; more broadly, any alcoholic drink.
- 1879, Chas. McArmor, The New Handbook of Vienna […] ‎, second edition, Otto Maass, page 106:
  Here the proprietor has had the good sense of holding on to the good old fashion of giving his customers their moneyworth of good wines and liquors.
Synonym: (British and Australasian English) spirits
In process industry, a liquid in which a desired reaction takes place, e.g. pulping liquor is a mixture of chemicals and water which breaks wood into its components, thus facilitating the extraction of cellulose.
A liquid in which something has been steeped.

Derived terms

chocolate liquor
hold one's liquor
Labarraque's liquor
liquor lounge
liquor store

Related terms

liqueur
liquid
liquidate
liquidation
liquidator
liquidity
liquidizer

Translations

liquid obtained by cooking meat and/or vegetables

Bulgarian: бульон m (buljon)
Catalan: suc (ca) m
Finnish: liemi (fi)
Irish: licéar m
Spanish: jugo (es) m
Welsh: gwlych m

strong alcoholic drink derived from fermentation and distillation

Arabic: كُحُول‎ (ar) m (kuḥūl), خَمْر‎ (ar) (ḵamr)
Belarusian: алкаго́льны напо́й m (alkahólʹny napój), алкаго́ль m (alkahólʹ)
Bulgarian: спиртна напитка f (spirtna napitka)
Burmese: အရက် (my) (a.rak)
Catalan: licor (ca) m
Chinese:
Mandarin: 烈酒 (zh) (lièjiǔ), 蒸餾酒／蒸馏酒 (zh) (zhēngliújiǔ)
Danish: likør (da) c, spiritus c
Dutch: sterke drank m
Esperanto: likvoro
Finnish: viina (fi) (clear in color); väkevä alkoholijuoma, väkevä (fi) (any strong alcohol)
French: spiritueux (fr) m
Galician: licor m
German: Spirituose (de) f
Hebrew: שֵׁכָר‎ (he) m (shechár)
Hindi: दारू (hi) ? (dārū)
Hungarian: likőr (hu)
Hunsrik: Likoer m
Irish: deoch mheisciúil f
Italian: liquore (it) m
Javanese: likir (jv)
Khmer: ស្រា (km) (sraa), សុរា (km) (soraa)
Korean: 술 (ko) (sul)
Lao: ເຫລົ້າ (lao), ສຸຣາ (su rā), ສຸລາ (su lā)
Latin: tēmētum n, ebriamen n
Latvian: liķieris, spirts
Lezgi: ички (ički)
Malay: arak (ms)
Malayalam: മദ്യം (ml) (madyaṃ), കള്ള് (ml) (kaḷḷŭ), ലഹരിപാനീയം (laharipānīyaṃ)
Maori: waipiro
Norwegian: brennevin (no) n, sprit m
Persian: عرق‎ (fa) ('araq)
Portuguese: licor (pt) m
Quechua: aqha
Romanian: lichior (ro) n
Russian: спиртно́й напи́ток m (spirtnój napítok), алкого́льный напи́ток m (alkogólʹnyj napítok), кре́пкий напи́ток m (krépkij napítok), спирт (ru) m (spirt), алкого́ль (ru) m (alkogólʹ)
Scottish Gaelic: deoch làidir f, spiorad m
Spanish: licor (es) m
Swedish: sprit (sv) c, likör (sv)
Tagalog: likor
Thai: เหล้า (th) (lâo), สุรา (th) (sù-raa)
Ukrainian: алкого́льний напі́й m (alkohólʹnyj napíj), алкого́ль (uk) m (alkohólʹ)
Welsh: gwirod m or f, diod gadarn f
West Flemish: kortndrank m

liquid used in process industry to produce a desired reaction

Esperanto: reaglikvo
Finnish: liemi (fi)
Spanish: licor (es) m

Verb

liquor (third-person singular simple present liquors, present participle liquoring, simple past and past participle liquored)

(intransitive) To drink liquor, usually to excess.
(transitive) To cause someone to drink liquor, usually to excess.
(obsolete, transitive) To grease.
- c. 1597, William Shakespeare, “The Merry VViues of VVindsor”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act IV, scene v]:
  Liquor fishermen's boots.
- 1631, Francis [Bacon], “2. Century.”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd edition, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], OCLC 1044372886:
  cart-wheels squeak not when they are liquored

Derived terms

liquored up

Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for liquor in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913)

References

liquor in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
liquor in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911

Latin

Etymology 1

From liqueō (“I am liquid, fluid”) +‎ -or.

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈli.kʷor/, [ˈlʲɪkʷɔr]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈli.kwor/, [ˈliːkwor]

Noun

liquor m (genitive liquōris); third declension

fluidity, liquidity
a liquid, fluid

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	liquor	liquōrēs
Genitive	liquōris	liquōrum
Dative	liquōrī	liquōribus
Accusative	liquōrem	liquōrēs
Ablative	liquōre	liquōribus
Vocative	liquor	liquōrēs

Related terms

liquefaciō
liquefactiō
liquēns
liqueō
liquēscō
liquidē
liquiditās
liquidiusculus
liquidō
liquidus

Descendants

Italian: liquore
→ Romanian: licoare
Russian: ликёр (likjór)
Sicilian: licori m
Spanish: licor m

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈliː.kʷor/, [ˈlʲiːkʷɔr]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈli.kwor/, [ˈliːkwor]

Verb

līquor (present infinitive līquī); third conjugation, deponent, no perfect or supine stem

(intransitive) I am fluid or liquid
(intransitive) I flow
(intransitive) I melt, dissolve

Conjugation

Conjugation of līquor (third conjugation, no supine stem, deponent, no perfect stem)
indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	līquor	līqueris, līquere	līquitur	līquimur	līquiminī	līquuntur
	imperfect	līquēbar	līquēbāris, līquēbāre	līquēbātur	līquēbāmur	līquēbāminī	līquēbantur
	future	līquar	līquēris, līquēre	līquētur	līquēmur	līquēminī	līquentur
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	līquar	līquāris, līquāre	līquātur	līquāmur	līquāminī	līquantur
active	imperfect	līquerer	līquerēris, līquerēre	līquerētur	līquerēmur	līquerēminī	līquerentur
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	līquere	—	—	līquiminī	—
active	future	—	līquitor	līquitor	—	—	līquuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		līquī	—	—	—	—	—
participles		līquēns	—	—	—	—	līquendus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		līquendī	līquendō	līquendum	līquendō	—	—

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈli.kʷor/, [ˈlʲɪkʷɔr]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈli.kwor/, [ˈliːkwor]

Verb

liquor

first-person singular present passive indicative of liquō

References

“līquor”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“lĭquor”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“liquor”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
liquor in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
liquor in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911