libala
See also: libála
Phuthi
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-dɪ̀bada, extensive derivation of Proto-Bantu *-dɪ̀ba (“forget”).
Verb
-líbala
- to forget
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Swazi
Etymology
From Proto-Nguni *ílibálá, from Proto-Bantu *ìbádà.
Noun
líbâla class 5 (plural émábâla class 6)
- spot
- open space, yard
Inflection
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Xhosa
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-dɪ̀bada, extensive derivation of Proto-Bantu *-dɪ̀ba (“forget”).
Verb
-líbala
- (transitive) to forget
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-dɪ̀bada, extensive derivation of Proto-Bantu *-dɪ̀ba (“forget”).
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /liɓaːla/
Verb
-libala
- (intransitive) to delay, to loiter, to take a long time
- (transitive) to escape (from memory)
- Igama lakhe lingilibele.
- His name escaped me.
Inflection
Tone L | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukulibala | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukulibala | ukungalibali | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | libala | -libale | |||||||
Plural | libalani | -libaleni | |||||||
Stative | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngilibele | engilibele | ngilibele | angilibele | engingalibele | ngingalibele | |||
2nd singular | ulibele | olibele | ulibele | awulibele | ongalibele | ungalibele | |||
1st plural | silibele | esilibele | silibele | asilibele | esingalibele | singalibele | |||
2nd plural | nilibele | enilibele | nilibele | anilibele | eningalibele | ningalibele | |||
Class 1 | ulibele | olibele | elibele | akalibele | ongalibele | engalibele | |||
Class 2 | balibele | abalibele | belibele | abalibele | abangalibele | bengalibele | |||
Class 3 | ulibele | olibele | ulibele | awulibele | ongalibele | ongalibele | |||
Class 4 | ilibele | elibele | ilibele | ayilibele | engalibele | ingalibele | |||
Class 5 | lilibele | elilibele | lilibele | alilibele | elingalibele | lingalibele | |||
Class 6 | alibele | alibele | elibele | awalibele | angalibele | engalibele | |||
Class 7 | silibele | esilibele | silibele | asilibele | esingalibele | singalibele | |||
Class 8 | zilibele | ezilibele | zilibele | azilibele | ezingalibele | zingalibele | |||
Class 9 | ilibele | elibele | ilibele | ayilibele | engalibele | ingalibele | |||
Class 10 | zilibele | ezilibele | zilibele | azilibele | ezingalibele | zingalibele | |||
Class 11 | lulibele | olulibele | lulibele | alulibele | olungalibele | lungalibele | |||
Class 14 | bulibele | obulibele | bulibele | abulibele | obungalibele | bungalibele | |||
Class 15 | kulibele | okulibele | kulibele | akulibele | okungalibele | kungalibele | |||
Class 17 | kulibele | okulibele | kulibele | akulibele | okungalibele | kungalibele | |||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyalibala, ngilibala | engilibalayo, engilibala | ngilibala | angilibali | engingalibali | ngingalibali | |||
2nd singular | uyalibala, ulibala | olibalayo, olibala | ulibala | awulibali | ongalibali | ungalibali | |||
1st plural | siyalibala, silibala | esilibalayo, esilibala | silibala | asilibali | esingalibali | singalibali | |||
2nd plural | niyalibala, nilibala | enilibalayo, enilibala | nilibala | anilibali | eningalibali | ningalibali | |||
Class 1 | uyalibala, ulibala | olibalayo, olibala | elibala | akalibali | ongalibali | engalibali | |||
Class 2 | bayalibala, balibala | abalibalayo, abalibala | belibala | abalibali | abangalibali | bengalibali | |||
Class 3 | uyalibala, ulibala | olibalayo, olibala | ulibala | awulibali | ongalibali | ungalibali | |||
Class 4 | iyalibala, ilibala | elibalayo, elibala | ilibala | ayilibali | engalibali | ingalibali | |||
Class 5 | liyalibala, lilibala | elilibalayo, elilibala | lilibala | alilibali | elingalibali | lingalibali | |||
Class 6 | ayalibala, alibala | alibalayo, alibala | elibala | awalibali | angalibali | engalibali | |||
Class 7 | siyalibala, silibala | esilibalayo, esilibala | silibala | asilibali | esingalibali | singalibali | |||
Class 8 | ziyalibala, zilibala | ezilibalayo, ezilibala | zilibala | azilibali | ezingalibali | zingalibali | |||
Class 9 | iyalibala, ilibala | elibalayo, elibala | ilibala | ayilibali | engalibali | ingalibali | |||
Class 10 | ziyalibala, zilibala | ezilibalayo, ezilibala | zilibala | azilibali | ezingalibali | zingalibali | |||
Class 11 | luyalibala, lulibala | olulibalayo, olulibala | lulibala | alulibali | olungalibali | lungalibali | |||
Class 14 | buyalibala, bulibala | obulibalayo, obulibala | bulibala | abulibali | obungalibali | bungalibali | |||
Class 15 | kuyalibala, kulibala | okulibalayo, okulibala | kulibala | akulibali | okungalibali | kungalibali | |||
Class 17 | kuyalibala, kulibala | okulibalayo, okulibala | kulibala | akulibali | okungalibali | kungalibali | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngilibalile, ngilibalē | engilibalile, engilibalē | ngilibalile, ngilibalē | angilibalanga | engingalibalanga | ngingalibalanga | |||
2nd singular | ulibalile, ulibalē | olibalile, olibalē | ulibalile, ulibalē | awulibalanga | ongalibalanga | ungalibalanga | |||
1st plural | silibalile, silibalē | esilibalile, esilibalē | silibalile, silibalē | asilibalanga | esingalibalanga | singalibalanga | |||
2nd plural | nilibalile, nilibalē | enilibalile, enilibalē | nilibalile, nilibalē | anilibalanga | eningalibalanga | ningalibalanga | |||
Class 1 | ulibalile, ulibalē | olibalile, olibalē | elibalile, elibalē | akalibalanga | ongalibalanga | engalibalanga | |||
Class 2 | balibalile, balibalē | abalibalile, abalibalē | belibalile, belibalē | abalibalanga | abangalibalanga | bengalibalanga | |||
Class 3 | ulibalile, ulibalē | olibalile, olibalē | ulibalile, ulibalē | awulibalanga | ongalibalanga | ungalibalanga | |||
Class 4 | ilibalile, ilibalē | elibalile, elibalē | ilibalile, ilibalē | ayilibalanga | engalibalanga | ingalibalanga | |||
Class 5 | lilibalile, lilibalē | elilibalile, elilibalē | lilibalile, lilibalē | alilibalanga | elingalibalanga | lingalibalanga | |||
Class 6 | alibalile, alibalē | alibalile, alibalē | elibalile, elibalē | awalibalanga | angalibalanga | engalibalanga | |||
Class 7 | silibalile, silibalē | esilibalile, esilibalē | silibalile, silibalē | asilibalanga | esingalibalanga | singalibalanga | |||
Class 8 | zilibalile, zilibalē | ezilibalile, ezilibalē | zilibalile, zilibalē | azilibalanga | ezingalibalanga | zingalibalanga | |||
Class 9 | ilibalile, ilibalē | elibalile, elibalē | ilibalile, ilibalē | ayilibalanga | engalibalanga | ingalibalanga | |||
Class 10 | zilibalile, zilibalē | ezilibalile, ezilibalē | zilibalile, zilibalē | azilibalanga | ezingalibalanga | zingalibalanga | |||
Class 11 | lulibalile, lulibalē | olulibalile, olulibalē | lulibalile, lulibalē | alulibalanga | olungalibalanga | lungalibalanga | |||
Class 14 | bulibalile, bulibalē | obulibalile, obulibalē | bulibalile, bulibalē | abulibalanga | obungalibalanga | bungalibalanga | |||
Class 15 | kulibalile, kulibalē | okulibalile, okulibalē | kulibalile, kulibalē | akulibalanga | okungalibalanga | kungalibalanga | |||
Class 17 | kulibalile, kulibalē | okulibalile, okulibalē | kulibalile, kulibalē | akulibalanga | okungalibalanga | kungalibalanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngālibala | engālibala | ngālibala | angilibalanga | engingalibalanga | ngingalibalanga | |||
2nd singular | wālibala | owālibala | wālibala | awulibalanga | ongalibalanga | ungalibalanga | |||
1st plural | sālibala | esālibala | sālibala | asilibalanga | esingalibalanga | singalibalanga | |||
2nd plural | nālibala | enālibala | nālibala | anilibalanga | eningalibalanga | ningalibalanga | |||
Class 1 | wālibala | owālibala | ālibala | akalibalanga | ongalibalanga | engalibalanga | |||
Class 2 | bālibala | abālibala | bālibala | abalibalanga | abangalibalanga | bengalibalanga | |||
Class 3 | wālibala | owālibala | wālibala | awulibalanga | ongalibalanga | ungalibalanga | |||
Class 4 | yālibala | eyālibala | yālibala | ayilibalanga | engalibalanga | ingalibalanga | |||
Class 5 | lālibala | elālibala | lālibala | alilibalanga | elingalibalanga | lingalibalanga | |||
Class 6 | ālibala | ālibala | ālibala | awalibalanga | angalibalanga | engalibalanga | |||
Class 7 | sālibala | esālibala | sālibala | asilibalanga | esingalibalanga | singalibalanga | |||
Class 8 | zālibala | ezālibala | zālibala | azilibalanga | ezingalibalanga | zingalibalanga | |||
Class 9 | yālibala | eyālibala | yālibala | ayilibalanga | engalibalanga | ingalibalanga | |||
Class 10 | zālibala | ezālibala | zālibala | azilibalanga | ezingalibalanga | zingalibalanga | |||
Class 11 | lwālibala | olwālibala | lwālibala | alulibalanga | olungalibalanga | lungalibalanga | |||
Class 14 | bālibala | obālibala | bālibala | abulibalanga | obungalibalanga | bungalibalanga | |||
Class 15 | kwālibala | okwālibala | kwālibala | akulibalanga | okungalibalanga | kungalibalanga | |||
Class 17 | kwālibala | okwālibala | kwālibala | akulibalanga | okungalibalanga | kungalibalanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingalibala | — | ngingalibala | ngingelibale | — | ngingelibale | |||
2nd singular | ungalibala | — | ungalibala | ungelibale | — | ungelibale | |||
1st plural | singalibala | — | singalibala | singelibale | — | singelibale | |||
2nd plural | ningalibala | — | ningalibala | ningelibale | — | ningelibale | |||
Class 1 | angalibala | — | engalibala | angelibale | — | engelibale | |||
Class 2 | bangalibala | — | bengalibala | bangelibale | — | bengelibale | |||
Class 3 | ungalibala | — | ungalibala | ungelibale | — | ungelibale | |||
Class 4 | ingalibala | — | ingalibala | ingelibale | — | ingelibale | |||
Class 5 | lingalibala | — | lingalibala | lingelibale | — | lingelibale | |||
Class 6 | angalibala | — | engalibala | angelibale | — | engelibale | |||
Class 7 | singalibala | — | singalibala | singelibale | — | singelibale | |||
Class 8 | zingalibala | — | zingalibala | zingelibale | — | zingelibale | |||
Class 9 | ingalibala | — | ingalibala | ingelibale | — | ingelibale | |||
Class 10 | zingalibala | — | zingalibala | zingelibale | — | zingelibale | |||
Class 11 | lungalibala | — | lungalibala | lungelibale | — | lungelibale | |||
Class 14 | bungalibala | — | bungalibala | bungelibale | — | bungelibale | |||
Class 15 | kungalibala | — | kungalibala | kungelibale | — | kungelibale | |||
Class 17 | kungalibala | — | kungalibala | kungelibale | — | kungelibale | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizolibala | engizolibala | ngizolibala | angizulibala | engingezulibala | ngingezulibala | |||
2nd singular | uzolibala | ozolibala | uzolibala | awuzulibala | ongezulibala | ungezulibala | |||
1st plural | sizolibala | esizolibala | sizolibala | asizulibala | esingezulibala | singezulibala | |||
2nd plural | nizolibala | enizolibala | nizolibala | anizulibala | eningezulibala | ningezulibala | |||
Class 1 | uzolibala | ozolibala | ezolibala | akazulibala | ongezulibala | engezulibala | |||
Class 2 | bazolibala | abazolibala | bezolibala | abazulibala | abangezulibala | bengezulibala | |||
Class 3 | uzolibala | ozolibala | uzolibala | awuzulibala | ongezulibala | ungezulibala | |||
Class 4 | izolibala | ezolibala | izolibala | ayizulibala | engezulibala | ingezulibala | |||
Class 5 | lizolibala | elizolibala | lizolibala | alizulibala | elingezulibala | lingezulibala | |||
Class 6 | azolibala | azolibala | ezolibala | awazulibala | angezulibala | engezulibala | |||
Class 7 | sizolibala | esizolibala | sizolibala | asizulibala | esingezulibala | singezulibala | |||
Class 8 | zizolibala | ezizolibala | zizolibala | azizulibala | ezingezulibala | zingezulibala | |||
Class 9 | izolibala | ezolibala | izolibala | ayizulibala | engezulibala | ingezulibala | |||
Class 10 | zizolibala | ezizolibala | zizolibala | azizulibala | ezingezulibala | zingezulibala | |||
Class 11 | luzolibala | oluzolibala | luzolibala | aluzulibala | olungezulibala | lungezulibala | |||
Class 14 | buzolibala | obuzolibala | buzolibala | abuzulibala | obungezulibala | bungezulibala | |||
Class 15 | kuzolibala | okuzolibala | kuzolibala | akuzulibala | okungezulibala | kungezulibala | |||
Class 17 | kuzolibala | okuzolibala | kuzolibala | akuzulibala | okungezulibala | kungezulibala | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyolibala | engiyolibala | ngiyolibala | angiyulibala | engingeyulibala | ngingeyulibala | |||
2nd singular | uyolibala | oyolibala | uyolibala | awuyulibala | ongeyulibala | ungeyulibala | |||
1st plural | siyolibala | esiyolibala | siyolibala | asiyulibala | esingeyulibala | singeyulibala | |||
2nd plural | niyolibala | eniyolibala | niyolibala | aniyulibala | eningeyulibala | ningeyulibala | |||
Class 1 | uyolibala | oyolibala | eyolibala | akayulibala | ongeyulibala | engeyulibala | |||
Class 2 | bayolibala | abayolibala | beyolibala | abayulibala | abangeyulibala | bengeyulibala | |||
Class 3 | uyolibala | oyolibala | uyolibala | awuyulibala | ongeyulibala | ungeyulibala | |||
Class 4 | iyolibala | eyolibala | iyolibala | ayiyulibala | engeyulibala | ingeyulibala | |||
Class 5 | liyolibala | eliyolibala | liyolibala | aliyulibala | elingeyulibala | lingeyulibala | |||
Class 6 | ayolibala | ayolibala | eyolibala | awayulibala | angeyulibala | engeyulibala | |||
Class 7 | siyolibala | esiyolibala | siyolibala | asiyulibala | esingeyulibala | singeyulibala | |||
Class 8 | ziyolibala | eziyolibala | ziyolibala | aziyulibala | ezingeyulibala | zingeyulibala | |||
Class 9 | iyolibala | eyolibala | iyolibala | ayiyulibala | engeyulibala | ingeyulibala | |||
Class 10 | ziyolibala | eziyolibala | ziyolibala | aziyulibala | ezingeyulibala | zingeyulibala | |||
Class 11 | luyolibala | oluyolibala | luyolibala | aluyulibala | olungeyulibala | lungeyulibala | |||
Class 14 | buyolibala | obuyolibala | buyolibala | abuyulibala | obungeyulibala | bungeyulibala | |||
Class 15 | kuyolibala | okuyolibala | kuyolibala | akuyulibala | okungeyulibala | kungeyulibala | |||
Class 17 | kuyolibala | okuyolibala | kuyolibala | akuyulibala | okungeyulibala | kungeyulibala | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngilibale | ngingalibali | |||||||
2nd singular | ulibale | ungalibali | |||||||
1st plural | silibale | singalibali | |||||||
2nd plural | nilibale | ningalibali | |||||||
Class 1 | alibale | angalibali | |||||||
Class 2 | balibale | bangalibali | |||||||
Class 3 | ulibale | ungalibali | |||||||
Class 4 | ilibale | ingalibali | |||||||
Class 5 | lilibale | lingalibali | |||||||
Class 6 | alibale | angalibali | |||||||
Class 7 | silibale | singalibali | |||||||
Class 8 | zilibale | zingalibali | |||||||
Class 9 | ilibale | ingalibali | |||||||
Class 10 | zilibale | zingalibali | |||||||
Class 11 | lulibale | lungalibali | |||||||
Class 14 | bulibale | bungalibali | |||||||
Class 15 | kulibale | kungalibali | |||||||
Class 17 | kulibale | kungalibali | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngalibala | ngangalibala, angalibala, angangalibala | |||||||
2nd singular | walibala | wangalibala, awalibala, awangalibala | |||||||
1st plural | salibala | sangalibala, asalibala, asangalibala | |||||||
2nd plural | nalibala | nangalibala, analibala, anangalibala | |||||||
Class 1 | walibala | wangalibala, akalibala, akangalibala | |||||||
Class 2 | balibala | bangalibala, abalibala, abangalibala | |||||||
Class 3 | walibala | wangalibala, awalibala, awangalibala | |||||||
Class 4 | yalibala | yangalibala, ayalibala, ayangalibala | |||||||
Class 5 | lalibala | langalibala, alalibala, alangalibala | |||||||
Class 6 | alibala | angalibala, awalibala, awangalibala | |||||||
Class 7 | salibala | sangalibala, asalibala, asangalibala | |||||||
Class 8 | zalibala | zangalibala, azalibala, azangalibala | |||||||
Class 9 | yalibala | yangalibala, ayalibala, ayangalibala | |||||||
Class 10 | zalibala | zangalibala, azalibala, azangalibala | |||||||
Class 11 | lwalibala | lwangalibala, alwalibala, alwangalibala | |||||||
Class 14 | balibala | bangalibala, abalibala, abangalibala | |||||||
Class 15 | kwalibala | kwangalibala, akwalibala, akwangalibala | |||||||
Class 17 | kwalibala | kwangalibala, akwalibala, akwangalibala |
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “liɓala”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “liɓala (3.2.9)”