lexicon
English
Etymology
Through Middle French or directly from New Latin lexicon, from Byzantine Greek λεξικόν (lexikón, “a lexicon, a dictionary”), ellipsis from Ancient Greek λεξικὸν βιβλίον (lexikòn biblíon, literally “a book of words”), from λεξικός (lexikós, “of words”), from λέξις (léxis, “a saying, speech, word”), from λέγω (légō, “to speak”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- (“to gather, collect”).
Attested at least since 1583 (in William Fulke's A Defense of the Sincere and True Translations of the Holy Scriptures into the English tongue) in the sense 'a dictionary of a classical language'.
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈlɛk.sɪ.kən/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈlɛk.sɪ.kɒn/
- (US) enPR: lĕk'sĭkŏn, IPA(key): /ˈlɛk.sɪ.kɑn/
Audio (US) (file)
Noun
lexicon (plural lexica or lexicons)
- The vocabulary of a language.
- Synonyms: word-hoard, word-stock
- (lexicography, linguistics) A dictionary that includes or focuses on lexemes.
- Synonym: wordbook
- A dictionary of Classical Greek, Hebrew, Latin, or Aramaic.
- (programming) The lexicology of a programming language. (Usually called lexical structure.)
- (rare) Any dictionary.
- The vocabulary used by or known to an individual. (Also called lexical knowledge.)
- Coordinate term: idiolect
- A set of vocabulary specific to a certain subject.
- the baseball lexicon
- A list thereof.
- a baseball lexicon
- Synonym: glossary
Related terms
- lexical
- lexicography
- lexicology
- lexiconophilia
- lexiconophilist
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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Further reading
- lexicon in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
- lexicon in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911
Anagrams
- lexonic
Dutch
Etymology
From New Latin lexicon, from Ancient Greek λεξικόν (lexikón, “a lexicon”), neuter of λεξικός (lexikós, “of words”).
Pronunciation
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: lexi‧con
Noun
lexicon n (plural lexicons or lexica, diminutive lexiconnetje n)
- (clarification of this definition is needed) lexicon
Further reading
- lexicon on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia nl
Latin
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Byzantine Greek λεξικόν (lexikón, “a lexicon”), which is an ellipsis from Ancient Greek λεξικὸν βιβλίον (lexikòn biblíon, literally “a book of words”), from λεξικός (lexikós, “of words”), from λέξις (léxis, “a saying, speech, word”), from λέγω (légō, “to speak”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ- (“to gather, collect”).
Attested at least since Girolamo Aleandro's Lexicon graeco-latinum, multis et praeclaris additionibus locupletatum (1512).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈlek.si.kon/, [ˈɫ̪ɛks̠ɪkɔn]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈlek.si.kon/, [ˈlɛksikon]
Noun
lexicon n (genitive lexicī); second declension
- (New Latin) a dictionary, a lexicon
Declension
Second-declension noun (neuter, Greek-type).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | lexicon | lexica |
Genitive | lexicī | lexicōrum |
Dative | lexicō | lexicīs |
Accusative | lexicon | lexica |
Ablative | lexicō | lexicīs |
Vocative | lexicon | lexica |
Descendants
- → Dutch: lexicon m
- → German: Lexikon, Lexicon
- → Czech: lexikon
- → Hungarian: lexikon (“encyclopedia”)
- → Swedish: lexikon
- → Middle French: lexicon m
- French: lexique m
- → English: lexicon (possibly; or directly from Latin)
References
- “lexicon”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- lexicon in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
Romanian
Etymology
From Latin lexicon or French lexicon.
Noun
lexicon n (plural lexicoane)
- lexicon
Declension
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) lexicon | lexiconul | (niște) lexicoane | lexicoanele |
genitive/dative | (unui) lexicon | lexiconului | (unor) lexicoane | lexicoanelor |
vocative | lexiconule | lexicoanelor |