len

len

See also: Len, leń, lén, lèn, lên, lën, lẻn, łeń, len-, -len, lɛn, l'en, and Leń

Czech

Etymology

From Old Czech len, from Proto-Slavic *lьnъ[1] from Proto-Indo-European *lino-.[2]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlɛn]
• Hyphenation: len
• Rhymes: -ɛn

Noun

len m inan

1. flax (plant or fiber)

Declension

Declension of len

	singular	plural
nominative	len	lny
genitive	lnu	lnů
dative	lnu	lnům
accusative	len	lny
vocative	lne	lny
locative	lnu	lnech
instrumental	lnem	lny

Derived terms

• lněný

References

1. Machek, Václav (1968) Etymologický slovník jazyka českého, 2nd edition, Prague: Academia
2. "len" in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, electronic version, Leda, 2007

Further reading

• len in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• len in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

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Danish

Etymology

From Middle Low German lēn, from Old Saxon lēhan, from Proto-West Germanic *laihn, from Proto-Germanic *laihną (“loan”), cognate with German Lehn (Swedish län is a loan from Low German). Doublet of lån.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈleˀn]

Noun

len n (singular definite lenet, plural indefinite len)

1. (historical) fief (a land given by a sovereign to a vassal in exchange for military services, especially in the Middle Ages)
2. (historical) entailed estate (a property given by the king to a person with specific rules of inheritance, in Denmark 1691-1919)
3. (historical) county (a regional and administrative unit, in Denmark until 1662; also used with reference to the län of modern Sweden and Finland)

   Synonyms: amt, region, syssel

Inflection

Declension of len

neuter gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	len	lenet	len	lenene
genitive	lens	lenets	lens	lenenes

Derived terms

• lensbaron
• lensgreve
• lensherre
• lensmand
• lensvæsen

References

• “len” in Den Danske Ordbog

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Friulian

Etymology

From Latin lignum. Compare Ladin lën, Romansch len, lenn, lain.

Noun

len m (plural lens)

1. wood

Related terms

• legnôs

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Galician

Verb

len

1. third-person plural present indicative of ler

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Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from a Slavic language, from Proto-Slavic *lьnъ.[1]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlɛn]

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: len
• Rhymes: -ɛn

Noun

len (plural lenek)

1. flax

Declension

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	len	lenek
accusative	lent	leneket
dative	lennek	leneknek
instrumental	lennel	lenekkel
causal-final	lenért	lenekért
translative	lenné	lenekké
terminative	lenig	lenekig
essive-formal	lenként	lenekként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	lenben	lenekben
superessive	lenen	leneken
adessive	lennél	leneknél
illative	lenbe	lenekbe
sublative	lenre	lenekre
allative	lenhez	lenekhez
elative	lenből	lenekből
delative	lenről	lenekről
ablative	lentől	lenektől
non-attributive possessive - singular	lené	leneké
non-attributive possessive - plural	lenéi	lenekéi

Possessive forms of len
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	lenem	lenjeim
2nd person sing.	lened	lenjeid
3rd person sing.	lenje	lenjei
1st person plural	lenünk	lenjeink
2nd person plural	lenetek	lenjeitek
3rd person plural	lenjük	lenjeik

Derived terms

Compound words

• lenvászon

 

References

1. len in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

• len in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

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Irish

Preposition

len

1. (dialectal) Alternative form of le

Usage notes

This form is found only before bhur (“your pl”) and is not part of the standard written language. In older texts, len bhur may also be spelled le nbhur.

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Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

len

1. imperative of lene

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Old Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lьnъ, from Proto-Indo-European *lino-.

Noun

len m

1. flax

Declension

Declension (pattern dub)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	len	lna, lny	lni, lnové (lnoví), lny
genitive	lna, lnu	lnú (lnou)	lnóv (lnuov, lnů), len
dative	lnu, lnovi	lnoma, lnama	lnóm (lnuom, lnům)
accusative	len, lna	lna, lny	lny
vocative	lne	lna, lny	lni, lnové (lnoví), lny
locative	lně (lne), lnu, lnovi	lnú (lnou)	lniech (lních), lnech, lnách
instrumental	lnem	lnoma, lnama	lny, lnmi, lnami

Descendants

• Czech: len

Further reading

• “len”, in Vokabulář webový: webové hnízdo pramenů k poznání historické češtiny [online], Praha: Ústav pro jazyk český AV ČR, 2006–2023

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Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lьnъ, from Proto-Indo-European *lino-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lɛn/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛn
• Syllabification: len

Noun

len m inan

1. flax (any member of the genus Linum)
2. linen (thread or cloth made from flax fibre)

   Synonym: płótno

Declension

Declension of len

	singular	plural
nominative	len	lny
genitive	lnu	lnów
dative	lnowi	lnom
accusative	len	lny
instrumental	lnem	lnami
locative	lnie	lnach
vocative	lnie	lny

Derived terms

• lniany

 

Further reading

• len in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• len in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Romani

Noun

len m

1. river

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Romansch

Alternative forms

• (Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) lain
• (Sursilvan, Surmiran) lenn

Etymology

From Latin lignum. Compare Ladin lën, Friulian len.

Noun

len m

1. (Sutsilvan) wood

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Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *lěnъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /léːn/, /lɛ́n/

Adjective

lẹ̑n or lȅn (comparative bȍlj lẹ̑n, superlative nȁjbolj lẹ̑n)

1. lazy

Inflection

Hard
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nom. sing.	lén	léna	léno
singular
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	lén ind léni def	léna	léno
genitive	lénega	léne	lénega
dative	lénemu	léni	lénemu
accusative	nominativeinan or genitiveanim	léno	léno
locative	lénem	léni	lénem
instrumental	lénim	léno	lénim
dual
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	léna	léni	léni
genitive	lénih	lénih	lénih
dative	lénima	lénima	lénima
accusative	léna	léni	léni
locative	lénih	lénih	lénih
instrumental	lénima	lénima	lénima
plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	léni	léne	léna
genitive	lénih	lénih	lénih
dative	lénim	lénim	lénim
accusative	léne	léne	léna
locative	lénih	lénih	lénih
instrumental	lénimi	lénimi	lénimi

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

• prelén

Further reading

• “len”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

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Swedish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse linr, from Proto-Germanic *linwaz.

Adjective

len (comparative lenare, superlative lenast)

1. soft, smooth

Declension

Inflection of len
Indefinite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative2
Common singular	len	lenare	lenast
Neuter singular	lent	lenare	lenast
Plural	lena	lenare	lenast
Masculine plural3	lene	lenare	lenast
Definite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Masculine singular1	lene	lenare	lenaste
All	lena	lenare	lenaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic

Synonyms

• slät

Etymology 2

From Turkish lan.

Noun

len

1. (slang) friend, buddy, pal (friendly term of address)

   Vad händer, len? ― What's going on, buddy?

References

• Slangopedia

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Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [lɛn˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [lɛŋ˧˧]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [lɛŋ˧˧]

Etymology 1

From French laine.

Noun

len

1. wool
2. yarn

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

len

1. to negotiate one's way through a mass, to creep through

Derived terms

Derived terms

• len lỏi

 

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Volapük

Preposition

len

1. at, by, on

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Welsh

Noun

len

1. Soft mutation of llen.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
llen	len	unchanged	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.