lemma

See also: Lemma

English

Pronunciation

(UK, General American) enPR: lĕm'ə, IPA^(key): /ˈlɛmə/
- Audio (UK) (file)
Rhymes: -ɛmə
Hyphenation: lem‧ma

Etymology 1

From Ancient Greek λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Noun

lemma (plural lemmas or lemmata)

(mathematics) A proposition proved or accepted for immediate use in the proof of some other proposition.
(linguistics, lexicography) The canonical form of an inflected word; i.e., the form usually found as the headword in a dictionary, such as the nominative singular of a noun, the bare infinitive of a verb, etc.
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:lemma.
(psycholinguistics) The theoretical abstract conceptual form of a word, representing a specific meaning, before the creation of a specific phonological form as the sounds of a lexeme, which may find representation in a specific written form as a dictionary or lexicographic word.

Synonyms

(linguistics, lexicography: canonical form of a word): citation form

Antonyms

(linguistics, lexicography: canonical form of a word): non-lemma

Derived terms

lemmatize

Related terms

dilemma
lemmatic
lemmatical
lemmatically
sublemma
tetralemma
trilemma

Translations

mathematics: proposition used mainly in the proof of some other proposition

Armenian: լեմմա (hy) (lemma)
Bulgarian: лема f (lema)
Catalan: lema (ca) m
Chinese:
Mandarin: 引理 (zh) (yǐnlǐ)
Czech: lemma (cs) n
Danish: lemma (da) n, hjælpesætning c
Dutch: lemma (nl) n
Esperanto: lemo
Faroese: hjálparsetningur m
Finnish: apulause, lemma (fi)
French: lemme (fr) m
German: Lemma (de) n, Hilfssatz m
Greek: λήμμα (el) f (límma)
Hebrew: למה‎ (he) f (léma), טענת עזר‎ f (te'anát ézer)
Hungarian: lemma (hu), segédtétel (hu), kiegészítő tétel
Icelandic: hjálparsetning f
Italian: lemma (it) n
Japanese: 補題 (ja) (hodai)
Korean: 보조정리 (bojojeongni)
Macedonian: лема f (lema)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: lemma (no) n
Nynorsk: lemma n
Polish: lemat m
Portuguese: lema (pt) m
Romanian: lemă (ro) f
Russian: ле́мма (ru) f (lémma)
Slovak: lema f
Spanish: lema (es) m
Swedish: lemma (sv) n

linguistics: canonical form of a term

Arabic: سُدَّة‎ f (sudda), لِيمَّا‎ (ar) (līmmā)
Catalan: lema (ca) m
Chinese:
Mandarin: 詞目／词目 (zh) (címù), 字詞／字词 (zh) (zìcí), 詞條／词条 (zh) (cítiáo)
Czech: lemma (cs) n
Danish: lemma (da) n, opslagsord n, stikord n, opslagsform c
Dutch: lemma (nl) n
Esperanto: lemo
Faroese: leitorð n
Finnish: perusmuoto (fi), lemma (fi)
French: lemme (fr) m, entrée (fr) f, terme vedette m, mot vedette (fr) m
German: Lemma (de) n, Stichwort (de) n
Greek: λήμμα (el) f (límma)
Hungarian: lemma (hu), szótári szó, lexéma (hu), címszó (hu), lexikai egység
Icelandic: fletta, flettiorð, uppflettimynd f
Ido: lemo (io)
Indonesian: lema (id)
Italian: lemma (it) n
Japanese: レンマ (renma)
Korean: 올림말 (ko) (ollimmal), 표제어 (pyojeeo)
Latin: lēmma n
Macedonian: лема f (lema)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: lemma (no) n, oppslagsord n, stikkord n
Nynorsk: lemma n, oppslagsord n, stikkord n
Persian: مدخل‎ (fa) (madxal), بن‌واژه‎ (fa) (bonvâže)
Polish: lemma (pl) f
Portuguese: lema (pt) m
Romanian: lemă (ro)
Russian: ле́мма (ru) f (lémma)
Slovak: lema f
Spanish: lema (es) m
Swedish: lemma (sv) n, uppslagsord (sv) n, grundform (sv) c

linguistics: lexeme — see lexeme

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Lithuanian: ^{(please verify)} pagrindinė forma (lt) f

Etymology 2

From the Ancient Greek λέμμα (lémma), from λέπω (lépō, “I peel”).

Noun

lemma (plural lemmas or lemmata)

(botany) The outer shell of a fruit or similar body.
(botany) One of the specialized bracts around the floret in grasses.

Derived terms

cytolemma
karyolemma
myolemma
neurilemma
neurolemma
oolemma
plasmalemma
sarcolemma

Translations

botany: one of the specialized bracts around the floret in grasses

Faroese: niðara blómuøgn f
Finnish: ulkohelve
Korean: 겉겨 (geotgyeo)
Latin: lēmma n
Persian: پوشه‎ (fa) (puše), گلوم‎ (gelum), سبوسه‎ (fa) (sabuse)

Anagrams

melam

Czech

Etymology

Ultimately from Ancient Greek λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈlɛma]
Hyphenation: le‧m‧ma

Noun

lemma n

(mathematics) lemma
(linguistics) lemma (the canonical form of an inflected word)

Declension

Declension of lemma

	singular	plural
nominative	lemma	lemmata
genitive	lemmatu	lemmat
dative	lemmatu	lemmatům
accusative	lemma	lemmata
vocative	lemma	lemmata
locative	lemmatu	lemmatech
instrumental	lemmatem	lemmaty

Related terms

lemmatický
lemmatizace
lemmatizátor
lemmatizovat
dilema
trilema

Dutch

Etymology

From Latin lemma, from Ancient Greek λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈlɛ.maː/
Audio (file)
Hyphenation: lem‧ma
Rhymes: -ɛmaː

Noun

lemma n (plural lemma's or lemmata, diminutive lemmaatje n)

(mathematics) lemma (proved or accepted proposition used in a proof)
(linguistics) lemma (the canonical form of an inflected word, dictionary form)

Derived terms

hoofdlemma
sublemma

Finnish

Etymology

From Ancient Greek λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈlemːɑ/, [ˈle̞mːɑ]
Rhymes: -emːɑ
Syllabification^(key): lem‧ma

Noun

lemma

(linguistics) lemma
(mathematics) lemma

Declension

Inflection of lemma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		lemma	lemmat
genitive		lemman	lemmojen
partitive		lemmaa	lemmoja
illative		lemmaan	lemmoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		lemma	lemmat
accusative	nom.	lemma	lemmat
accusative	gen.	lemman	lemmat
genitive		lemman	lemmojen lemmain^rare
partitive		lemmaa	lemmoja
inessive		lemmassa	lemmoissa
elative		lemmasta	lemmoista
illative		lemmaan	lemmoihin
adessive		lemmalla	lemmoilla
ablative		lemmalta	lemmoilta
allative		lemmalle	lemmoille
essive		lemmana	lemmoina
translative		lemmaksi	lemmoiksi
instructive		—	lemmoin
abessive		lemmatta	lemmoitta
comitative		—	lemmoineen

Possessive forms of lemma (type kala)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	lemmani	lemmamme
2nd person	lemmasi	lemmanne
3rd person	lemmansa

Synonyms

(linguistics): perusmuoto
(math): apulause

Hungarian

Etymology

From English lemma and German Lemma, from Ancient Greek λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈlɛmːɒ]
Hyphenation: lem‧ma
Rhymes: -mɒ

Noun

lemma (plural lemmák)

(mathematics, linguistics, lexicography) lemma

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	lemma	lemmák
accusative	lemmát	lemmákat
dative	lemmának	lemmáknak
instrumental	lemmával	lemmákkal
causal-final	lemmáért	lemmákért
translative	lemmává	lemmákká
terminative	lemmáig	lemmákig
essive-formal	lemmaként	lemmákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	lemmában	lemmákban
superessive	lemmán	lemmákon
adessive	lemmánál	lemmáknál
illative	lemmába	lemmákba
sublative	lemmára	lemmákra
allative	lemmához	lemmákhoz
elative	lemmából	lemmákból
delative	lemmáról	lemmákról
ablative	lemmától	lemmáktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	lemmáé	lemmáké
non-attributive possessive - plural	lemmáéi	lemmákéi

Possessive forms of lemma
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	lemmám	lemmáim
2nd person sing.	lemmád	lemmáid
3rd person sing.	lemmája	lemmái
1st person plural	lemmánk	lemmáink
2nd person plural	lemmátok	lemmáitok
3rd person plural	lemmájuk	lemmáik

References

Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

Italian

Etymology

From Latin lemma, from Ancient Greek λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈlɛm.ma/
Rhymes: -ɛmma
Hyphenation: lèm‧ma

Noun

lemma m (plural lemmi)

(mathematics, linguistics, lexicography) lemma
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:lemma.
entry (in a dictionary)

Related terms

lemmatico

Anagrams

melma

Latin

Etymology 1

From Ancient Greek λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈleːm.ma/, [ˈɫ̪eːmːä]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈlem.ma/, [ˈlɛmːä]

Noun

lēmma n (genitive lēmmatis); third declension

(literally) A subject for consideration or explanation, a theme, matter, subject, contents.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Pliny the Younger to this entry?)
(transferred senses):
1. the title of an epigram (because it indicates the subject)
2. the epigram itself
3. story, tale
4. the assumption or lemma of a syllogism
  - (Can we find and add a quotation of Aulus Gellius to this entry?)

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	lēmma	lēmmata
Genitive	lēmmatis	lēmmatum
Dative	lēmmatī	lēmmatibus
Accusative	lēmma	lēmmata
Ablative	lēmmate	lēmmatibus
Vocative	lēmma	lēmmata

Derived terms

nūtrīcis lēmmata

Descendants

Catalan: lema
Dutch: lemma
English: lemma
French: lemme
German: Lemma
Italian: lemma
Spanish: lema

References

“lemma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
lemma in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 898/2
“lemma” on page 1,015/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)

Etymology 2

Probably a scribal error: ni → m.

Noun

lemma f (genitive lemmae); first declension

medieval spelling of lemnia [8th C.]

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	lemma	lemmae
Genitive	lemmae	lemmārum
Dative	lemmae	lemmīs
Accusative	lemmam	lemmās
Ablative	lemmā	lemmīs
Vocative	lemma	lemmae

References

“lemma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
lemma in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

Polish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈlɛm.ma/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ɛmma
Syllabification: lem‧ma

Noun

lemma f

(linguistics, lexicography) lemma

Declension

Declension of lemma

	singular	plural
nominative	lemma	lemmy
genitive	lemmy	lemm
dative	lemmie	lemmom
accusative	lemmę	lemmy
instrumental	lemmą	lemmami
locative	lemmie	lemmach
vocative	lemmo	lemmy

Swedish

Etymology

From Ancient Greek λῆμμα (lêmma, “premise, assumption”), from λαμβάνω (lambánō, “I take”).

Noun

lemma n

lemma[1] (the canonical form of an inflected word, a headword in a dictionary)
(mathematics) lemma (a proposition)

Declension

Declension of lemma
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	lemma	lemmat	lemman	lemmana
Genitive	lemmas	lemmats	lemmans	lemmanas

Synonyms

uppslagsord

Related terms

lemmabestånd
lemmalakun
lemmalista
lemmaordbok
lemmaselektion
lemmatecken
lemmatisera
lemmatiserad
lemmatisering
lemmatisk

References

Nordisk leksikografisk ordbok (1997) →ISBN

lemma in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

[1] Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN

[2] Nordisk leksikografisk ordbok (1997) →ISBN

lemma

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

See also

Etymology 2

Noun

Derived terms

Translations

Further reading

Anagrams

Czech

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Related terms

Further reading

Dutch

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Finnish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Synonyms

Hungarian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

References

Italian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Related terms

Further reading

Anagrams

Latin

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

References

Etymology 2

Noun

Declension

References

Polish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Further reading

Swedish

Etymology

Noun

Declension

Synonyms

Related terms

References