laurer
French
Etymology
From Latin laurus + -er.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lɔ.ʁe/, /lo.ʁe/
Audio (file) - Homophones: laurai, lauré, laurée, laurées, laurés, laurez
Verb
laurer
- to crown, or decorate, with laurels
Conjugation
Conjugation of laurer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | laurer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | laurant /lɔ.ʁɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | lauré /lɔ.ʁe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | laure /lɔʁ/ | laures /lɔʁ/ | laure /lɔʁ/ | laurons /lɔ.ʁɔ̃/ | laurez /lɔ.ʁe/ | laurent /lɔʁ/ |
| imperfect | laurais /lɔ.ʁɛ/ | laurais /lɔ.ʁɛ/ | laurait /lɔ.ʁɛ/ | laurions /lɔ.ʁjɔ̃/ | lauriez /lɔ.ʁje/ | lauraient /lɔ.ʁɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | laurai /lɔ.ʁe/ | lauras /lɔ.ʁa/ | laura /lɔ.ʁa/ | laurâmes /lɔ.ʁam/ | laurâtes /lɔ.ʁat/ | laurèrent /lɔ.ʁɛʁ/ | |
| future | laurerai /lɔ.ʁə.ʁe/ | laureras /lɔ.ʁə.ʁa/ | laurera /lɔ.ʁə.ʁa/ | laurerons /lɔ.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ | laurerez /lɔ.ʁə.ʁe/ | laureront /lɔ.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | laurerais /lɔ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ | laurerais /lɔ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ | laurerait /lɔ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ | laurerions /lɔ.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/ | laureriez /lɔ.ʁə.ʁje/ | laureraient /lɔ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | laure /lɔʁ/ | laures /lɔʁ/ | laure /lɔʁ/ | laurions /lɔ.ʁjɔ̃/ | lauriez /lɔ.ʁje/ | laurent /lɔʁ/ |
| imperfect2 | laurasse /lɔ.ʁas/ | laurasses /lɔ.ʁas/ | laurât /lɔ.ʁa/ | laurassions /lɔ.ʁa.sjɔ̃/ | laurassiez /lɔ.ʁa.sje/ | laurassent /lɔ.ʁas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | laure /lɔʁ/ | — | laurons /lɔ.ʁɔ̃/ | laurez /lɔ.ʁe/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “laurer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- rural, leurra
Middle English
Alternative forms
- laurear, laurere, lawrer, laurier, lorer, lorere, lorier, lorrer, lorrere, loryere, loryȝer
- (with /l/) laureal, laureall, laurealle, laurel, laurell, laureol, laureole, laurial, laurialle, lauryel, lawriall, lorel, lorell, lorelle, loryel
Etymology
Borrowed from Anglo-Norman lorer (Old French lorier), from Vulgar Latin *laurārius, from Latin laurus, which forms with /au̯/ are influenced by.
Forms with final /l/ are presumably due to a combination of dissimilation (as in marble, variant of marbre) and the influence of laureola, but are often reshaped after the suffix -(i)al.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lau̯ˈreːr/, /ˈlau̯rər/, /lɔ-/
- (with /l/) IPA(key): /lau̯ˈrɛl/, /ˈlau̯rɛl/, /lɔ-/, /-ial/
Noun
laurer (plural laurers)
- laurel
- Circa 1380, Geoffrey Chaucer, Anelida and Arcite, lines 44-45
- With his tryumphe and laurer-corouned thus,
- In al the flour of Fortunes yevynge
- Circa 1380, Geoffrey Chaucer, Anelida and Arcite, lines 44-45
Descendants
- English: laurel
- Scots: laurie
Further reading
- “laurel, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- “laurer, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.