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单词 lar
释义

lar

See also: lär, làr, lár, lår, lár-, -lar, LAr, LAR, and Lar

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin lār (“ancestral deity or spirit”) from Etruscan.

Pronunciation

  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /lɑː/
  • Audio (Southern England)(file)
  • (US) IPA(key): /lɑɹ/, [lɑɹ], [lɑ˞]
  • Rhymes: -ɑː, -ɑɹ

Noun

lar (plural lars or lares)

  1. (Roman mythology, chiefly in the plural) singular of lares: a household god, particularly overseeing the family itself.
    • 1974, Guy Davenport, Tatlin!:
      Would the great emperor’s lar, free of its soldierly body rheumatic from German mists and browned and grizzled by the Indus sun, haunt that pinedark road to Elefsis to taste again the essences on which it fed and gather with voluptuous fingers the ghosts of roses?
  2. The lar gibbon.

Usage notes

The gibbon is pluralized as lars. The Latin household gods usually appear as the plurale tantum Lares, following its Latin plural form and capitalized to denote a particular group of lares; the alternative forms Lars, lares, and lars sometimes appear.

Anagrams

  • ALR, LRA

Albanian

Etymology

Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin laurus.[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /laɾ/

Noun

lar m (indefinite plural larë, definite singular lari, definite plural larët)

  1. (botany) laurel (Laurus nobilis)

Declension

Declension of lar
indefinite forms
(trajta të pashquara)		definite forms
(trajta të shquara)
singular
(numri njëjës)		plural
(numri shumës)		singular
(numri njëjës)		plural
(numri shumës)
nominative
(emërore)		(një) lar(disa) larëlarilarët
accusative
(kallëzore)		(një) lar(disa) larëlarinlarët
genitive
(gjinore)
(i/e/të/së)		(një) lari(disa) larëvelaritlarëvet
dative
(dhanore)		(një) lari(disa) larëvelaritlarëvet
ablative
(rrjedhore)
(prej)		(një) lari(disa) larëshlaritlarëvet

Synonyms

  • dafinë

Derived terms

  • larëz, larth, larushkë

References

  1. Topalli, Kolec (2017), “lar”, in Fjalor Etimologjik i Gjuhës Shqipe, Durrës, Albania: Jozef, page 862
  2. Orel, Vladimir (1998), “lar”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Cologne: Brill, →ISBN, page 213-214

Galician

Traditional lar or lareira

Etymology 1

From Latin larem (“guardian spirit; home”), from Etruscan.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈlaɾ/

Noun

lar m (plural lares)

  1. home (place or building where one dwells)
    Miña casiña meu lar.
    My house, my home.
  2. fireside
  3. hearth
    • 1485, Antonio López Ferreiro (ed.), Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática. Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 286:
      iten vnna caldeyra de trager agoa, iten hua caldeyra de sobre do lar, iten dous caldeyros de mao
      item, a bucket for carrying water; item a cauldron for hanging over the hearth; item two hand cauldrons
  4. A household or ancestral god in ancient Rome
Synonyms
  • (home): casa, fogar
  • (fireside): lareira
  • (hearth): ástrago, larega, sollo
Derived terms
  • larada
  • lareira (“fireplace”)
  • larengo (“piglet”)
  • lariño (“nest”) (snug residence)

Etymology 2

Perhaps from Suevic or borrowed from Old Norse leir (“clay, mud”), from Proto-Germanic *laiza- (“clay”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂leyH- (“to smear”).

Noun

lar m (plural lares)

  1. clay
    Synonyms: arxila, xiz, toba, sarso, xarzo, greda

References

  • “lar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “lar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “lar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “lar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Latin

Alternative forms

  • lars

Etymology

Probably from Etruscan 𐌋𐌀𐌓 (lar), 𐌋𐌀𐌓𐌔 (lars), or 𐌋𐌀𐌓𐌈 (larθ, “lord”), though it could possibly be from Proto-Indo-European *las- (“eager”), cognate with lascivus.

Pronunciation

  • (Classical) IPA(key): /laːr/, [ɫ̪äːr]
  • (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /lar/, [lär]

Noun

lār m (genitive laris); third declension

  1. the protective spirit of a place, particularly a household
  2. home, household

Declension

Third-declension noun.

CaseSingularPlural
Nominativelārlarēs
Genitivelarislarum
Dativelarīlaribus
Accusativelaremlarēs
Ablativelarelaribus
Vocativelārlarēs
  • Larēs

Descendants

  • Asturian: llar
  • Catalan: llar
  • English: lar
  • Galician: lar
  • Portuguese: lar
  • Spanish: lar, llar

References

  • “Lar”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “lar”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “lar”, in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Middle English

Noun

lar

  1. Alternative form of lore

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

lar

  1. present tense of la

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

lar

  1. present tense of la

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *laiʀu, from Proto-Germanic *laizō, from *laizijaną (“to teach”). Cognate with Old Saxon lēra, Dutch leer, Old High German lēra (German Lehre).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /lɑːr/

Noun

lār f (nominative plural lāre)

  1. teaching, learning, education
  2. lesson
  3. teaching, doctrine
  4. advice, counsel

Declension

Declension of lar (strong ō-stem)
CaseSingularPlural
nominativelārlāra, lāre
accusativelārelāra, lāre
genitivelārelāra
dativelārelārum

Derived terms

  • bōclār
  • mislār
  • lǣran

Descendants

  • Middle English: lore, lare, lar
    • Scots: lare, lair
    • English: lore

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin larem (“guardian spirit”), likely from Etruscan 𐌋𐌀𐌓 (lar), 𐌋𐌀𐌓𐌔 (lars), or 𐌋𐌀𐌓𐌈 (larθ, “lord”).

Pronunciation

 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈlaʁ/ [ˈlah]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ˈlaɾ/
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ˈlaʁ/ [ˈlaχ]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈlaɻ/
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈlaɾ/

  • (Caipira Brazil) IPA(key): /laɹ/
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Hyphenation: lar

Noun

lar m (plural lares)

  1. (endearing) home (place or building where one dwells)
    Não há lugar como o nosso lar.
    There is no place like home.
    Synonym: casa
  2. hearth (place in a home for lighting fires)
    Synonym: lareira
  3. the surface of a baking oven

Usage notes

Lar is not as used as loosely as English home. Lar is used to express affection to one’s abode; in other contexts, casa is used instead.

Derived terms

  • do lar
  • lar, doce lar
  • lareira

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin lār, lārem, in its current form most likely a learned borrowing[1]. A popular or inherited form also existed, referring to the irons in a hearth on which vats were hung to heat water or make stews. The word may ultimately be of Etruscan origin. Doublet of llar.

Noun

lar m (plural lares)

  1. hearth
    Synonym: hogar

See also

  • casa f

References

  1. Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

Further reading

  • “lar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Westrobothnian

Etymology 1

From Old Norse lárr, cognate with Finnish laari, Russian ларь (larʹ), of unknown origin. Doublet of laar.

Noun

lar m

  1. Box.
Derived terms
  • vealar

Etymology 2

From Old Norse lár, from Proto-Germanic *lahwaz.

Noun

lar n

  1. Thigh.
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