lappaa
Finnish
Alternative forms
- lapata
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *lappadak. Cognates include Estonian lappama, Ingrian lappaa and Livvi lappua.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlɑpːɑːˣ/, [ˈlɑpːɑː(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -ɑpːɑː
- Syllabification(key): lap‧paa
Verb
lappaa
- (transitive) to scoop, shovel, draw; to lift (and throw) with a scoop, ladle, shovel, spoon, etc.
- Synonyms: ammentaa, mättää
- (transitive) to shove, cram
- Synonyms: ahtaa, mättää, sulloa, syytää
- (transitive) to feed (in/out) (a rope, etc.), drag (a net, etc.)
- Synonyms: suoltaa, syöttää, vetää
Conjugation
| Inflection of lappaa (Kotus type 56*B/kaivaa, pp-p gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | lapan | en lapa | 1st sing. | olen lappanut | en ole lappanut | |
| 2nd sing. | lapat | et lapa | 2nd sing. | olet lappanut | et ole lappanut | |
| 3rd sing. | lappaa | ei lapa | 3rd sing. | on lappanut | ei ole lappanut | |
| 1st plur. | lapamme | emme lapa | 1st plur. | olemme lappaneet | emme ole lappaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | lapatte | ette lapa | 2nd plur. | olette lappaneet | ette ole lappaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | lappavat | eivät lapa | 3rd plur. | ovat lappaneet | eivät ole lappaneet | |
| passive | lapetaan | ei lapeta | passive | on lapettu | ei ole lapettu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | lapoin | en lappanut | 1st sing. | olin lappanut | en ollut lappanut | |
| 2nd sing. | lapoit | et lappanut | 2nd sing. | olit lappanut | et ollut lappanut | |
| 3rd sing. | lappoi | ei lappanut | 3rd sing. | oli lappanut | ei ollut lappanut | |
| 1st plur. | lapoimme | emme lappaneet | 1st plur. | olimme lappaneet | emme olleet lappaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | lapoitte | ette lappaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte lappaneet | ette olleet lappaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | lappoivat | eivät lappaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat lappaneet | eivät olleet lappaneet | |
| passive | lapettiin | ei lapettu | passive | oli lapettu | ei ollut lapettu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | lappaisin | en lappaisi | 1st sing. | olisin lappanut | en olisi lappanut | |
| 2nd sing. | lappaisit | et lappaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit lappanut | et olisi lappanut | |
| 3rd sing. | lappaisi | ei lappaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi lappanut | ei olisi lappanut | |
| 1st plur. | lappaisimme | emme lappaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme lappaneet | emme olisi lappaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | lappaisitte | ette lappaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte lappaneet | ette olisi lappaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | lappaisivat | eivät lappaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat lappaneet | eivät olisi lappaneet | |
| passive | lapettaisiin | ei lapettaisi | passive | olisi lapettu | ei olisi lapettu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | lapa | älä lapa | 2nd sing. | ole lappanut | älä ole lappanut | |
| 3rd sing. | lappakoon | älköön lappako | 3rd sing. | olkoon lappanut | älköön olko lappanut | |
| 1st plur. | lappakaamme | älkäämme lappako | 1st plur. | olkaamme lappaneet | älkäämme olko lappaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | lappakaa | älkää lappako | 2nd plur. | olkaa lappaneet | älkää olko lappaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | lappakoot | älkööt lappako | 3rd plur. | olkoot lappaneet | älkööt olko lappaneet | |
| passive | lapettakoon | älköön lapettako | passive | olkoon lapettu | älköön olko lapettu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | lappanen | en lappane | 1st sing. | lienen lappanut | en liene lappanut | |
| 2nd sing. | lappanet | et lappane | 2nd sing. | lienet lappanut | et liene lappanut | |
| 3rd sing. | lappanee | ei lappane | 3rd sing. | lienee lappanut | ei liene lappanut | |
| 1st plur. | lappanemme | emme lappane | 1st plur. | lienemme lappaneet | emme liene lappaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | lappanette | ette lappane | 2nd plur. | lienette lappaneet | ette liene lappaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | lappanevat | eivät lappane | 3rd plur. | lienevät lappaneet | eivät liene lappaneet | |
| passive | lapettaneen | ei lapettane | passive | lienee lapettu | ei liene lapettu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | lappaa | present | lappava | lapettava | ||
| long 1st2 | lappaakseen | past | lappanut | lapettu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | lappaessa | lapettaessa | agent1, 3 | lappama | |
| instructive | lappaen | — | negative | lappamaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | lappamassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | lappamasta | — | ||||
| illative | lappamaan | — | ||||
| adessive | lappamalla | — | ||||
| abessive | lappamatta | — | ||||
| instructive | lappaman | lapettaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | lappaminen | ||||
| partitive | lappamista | |||||
| 5th2 | lappamaisillaan | |||||
Ingrian
Etymology 1
From Proto-Finnic *lappadak. Cognates include Finnish lappaa and Estonian lapata.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈlɑpːɑː/, [ˈɫɑpːɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈlɑpːɑː/, [ˈɫɑpːɑː]
- Rhymes: -ɑpːɑː
- Hyphenation: lap‧paa
Verb
lappaa
- (transitive) to drag
Conjugation
| Conjugation of lappaa (type 4/antaa, pp-p gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | lapan | en lapa | 1st singular | oon lappant, oon lappanut | en oo lappant, en oo lappanut |
| 2nd singular | lapat | et lapa | 2nd singular | oot lappant, oot lappanut | et oo lappant, et oo lappanut |
| 3rd singular | lappaa | ei lapa | 3rd singular | ono lappant, ono lappanut | ei oo lappant, ei oo lappanut |
| 1st plural | lapamma | emmä lapa | 1st plural | oomma lappanneet | emmä oo lappanneet |
| 2nd plural | lapatta | että lapa | 2nd plural | ootta lappanneet | että oo lappanneet |
| 3rd plural | lappaat1), lappavat2), lapetaa | evät lapa | 3rd plural | ovat lappanneet | evät oo lappanneet |
| impersonal | lapetaa | ei lapeta | impersonal | ono lapettu | ei oo lapettu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | lapoin | en lappant, en lappanut | 1st singular | olin lappant, olin lappanut | en olt lappant, en olt lappanut |
| 2nd singular | lapoit | et lappant, et lappanut | 2nd singular | olit lappant, olit lappanut | et olt lappant, et olt lappanut |
| 3rd singular | lappoi | ei lappant, ei lappanut | 3rd singular | oli lappant, oli lappanut | ei olt lappant, ei olt lappanut |
| 1st plural | lapoimma | emmä lappanneet | 1st plural | olimma lappanneet | emmä olleet lappanneet |
| 2nd plural | lapoitta | että lappanneet | 2nd plural | olitta lappanneet | että olleet lappanneet |
| 3rd plural | lappoit1), lappoivat2), lapettii | evät lappanneet | 3rd plural | olivat lappanneet | evät olleet lappanneet |
| impersonal | lapettii | ei lapettu | impersonal | oli lapettu | ei olt lapettu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | lappaisin | en lappais | 1st singular | olisin lappant, olisin lappanut | en olis lappant, en olis lappanut |
| 2nd singular | lappaisit, lappaist1) | et lappais | 2nd singular | olisit lappant, olisit lappanut | et olis lappant, et olis lappanut |
| 3rd singular | lappais | ei lappais | 3rd singular | olis lappant, olis lappanut | ei olis lappant, ei olis lappanut |
| 1st plural | lappaisimma | emmä lappais | 1st plural | olisimma lappanneet | emmä olis lappanneet |
| 2nd plural | lappaisitta | että lappais | 2nd plural | olisitta lappanneet | että olis lappanneet |
| 3rd plural | lappaisiit1), lappaisivat2), lapettais | evät lappais | 3rd plural | olisivat lappanneet | evät olis lappanneet |
| impersonal | lapettais | ei lapettais | impersonal | olis lapettu | ei olis lapettu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | lapa | elä lapa | 2nd singular | oo lappant, oo lappanut | elä oo lappant, elä oo lappanut |
| 3rd singular | lappakoo | elköö lappako | 3rd singular | olkoo lappant, olkoo lappanut | elköö olko lappant, elköö olko lappanut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | lappakaa | elkää lappako | 2nd plural | olkaa lappanneet | elkää olko lappanneet |
| 3rd plural | lappakoot | elkööt lappako | 3rd plural | olkoot lappanneet | elkööt olko lappanneet |
| impersonal | lapettakkoo | elköö lapettako | impersonal | olkoo lapettu | elköö olko lapettu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | lappanen | en lappane | |||
| 2nd singular | lappanet | et lappane | |||
| 3rd singular | lappanoo | ei lappane | |||
| 1st plural | lappanemma | emmä lappane | |||
| 2nd plural | lappanetta | että lappane | |||
| 3rd plural | lappanoot | evät lappane | |||
| impersonal | lapettannoo | ei lapettane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | lappaa | present | lappava | lapettava | |
| 2nd | inessive | lappajees | past | lappant, lappanut | lapettu |
| instructive | lappaen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (lappakaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative, or -kse to the potential. ***) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | lappamaa | |||
| inessive | lappamaas | ||||
| elative | lappamast | ||||
| abessive | lappamata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | lappamiin | |||
| partitive | lappamista, lappamist | ||||
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈlɑpːɑː/, [ˈɫɑpːɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈlɑpːɑː/, [ˈɫɑpːɑː]
- Rhymes: -ɑpːɑː
- Hyphenation: lap‧paa
Noun
lappaa
- inflection of lappa:
- partitive singular
- illative singular
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 249