lac
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /læk/
Audio (UK) (file)
- Rhymes: -æk
Etymology 1
From Portuguese laca, from Hindi लाख (lākh)/Urdu لاکھ (lākh) or cognates in other Indo-Aryan languages, from Sanskrit लक्ष (lakṣa).
Noun
lac (countable and uncountable, plural lacs)
- A resinous substance or lacquer produced mainly on the banyan tree by the female of Kerria lacca, a scale insect.
Derived terms
- Ceylon lac
- lac dye
- lac insect
- lac lake
- lac scale
- lac tree
- Mexican lac
- seedlac
- shellac
- sticklac
Translations
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Noun
lac (plural lacs)
- Alternative spelling of lakh
Etymology 3
From Cadillac.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /læk/
Audio (UK) (file) - Rhymes: -æk
Noun
lac (plural lacs)
- (slang) Clipping of Cadillac.
- Synonyms: caddie, caddy
- Last night I was driving around in my lac.
- 1992, Big Mello, Bone Hard Zaggin, Rap-A-Lot Records, track 5. "Mac's Drive 'Lac's"
- Macs drive lacs.
- 2005, “Drive Slow”, in Late Registration, performed by Kanye West:
- The candy gloss is immaculate, it's simply amazing / Them elbows poking wide on that candy ’Lac
Etymology 4
From laceration.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /læs/
- Rhymes: -æs
Noun
lac (countable and uncountable, plural lacs)
- (medicine, colloquial) Laceration.
- hand lac
Anagrams
- ACL, CLA, Cal, Cal., LCA, alc, cal, cal.
Aromanian
Etymology
From Latin lacus (“lake”), from Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”).
Noun
lac
- lake
Dalmatian
Etymology
From Latin lacus (“lake”), from Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”).
Noun
lac m
- lake
Franco-Provençal
Etymology
From Latin lacus (“lake”), from Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”). Compare Aragonese laco, Catalan llac, Esperanto lago, French lac, Italian lago, Maltese lag, Portuguese lago, Romanian lac, Sardinian lagu, Spanish lago.
Noun
lac m
- lake
French
Etymology
From Middle French lac, from Old French lac, a replacement of earlier lai (“pit, trench, ditch, grave, mere, pond”) (see Old French lac). Generally inferred as a borrowing of Latin lacus (“lake”), from Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”). Compare Aragonese laco; Catalan llac; Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish lago; Maltese lag; Romanian lac; Sardinian lagu.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lak/
Audio (France, Paris) (file) Audio (Paris) (file) - Rhymes: -ak
- Homophones: lacs, laque, laquent, laques
Noun
lac m (plural lacs)
- lake
Derived terms
- Grands Lacs
- il n'y a pas le feu au lac
- lac Léman
- lac Poyang
- lac salé
Further reading
- “lac”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- ACL
K'iche'
Noun
lac
- (Classical K'iche') plate
Latin
Alternative forms
- lact, lacte
Etymology
Earlier lact, from Proto-Italic *dlakts, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵlákt n (gen. *ǵlaktós). Compare Albanian dhallë (“buttermilk”), Old Armenian կաթն (katʿn), Ancient Greek γάλα (gála, “milk”), Hittite 𒂵𒆷𒀝𒋻 (galaktar, “balm, resin”), Waigali zōr (“milk”) and the irregular Romanian zară.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /lak/, [ɫ̪äk]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /lak/, [läk]
Noun
lac n sg (genitive lactis); third declension
- milk
- Cum lacte nutricis. ― With the nurse's milk.
- for something sweet, pleasant
- In melle sunt linguae sitae vostrae atque orationes, lacteque; corda felle sunt lita, atque acerbo aceto.
- In honey your tongues and speeches are dipped, and in milk; your hearts are smeared with gall and with bitter vinegar. (Plautus)
- Ut mentes ... satiari velut quodam jucundioris disciplinae lacte patiantur.
- That minds may endure being satisfied as by the milk of a more pleasant discipline. (Quintilian)
- milky juice
- Lac herbae. ― Milk of a plant.
- cum lacte veneni. ― with poisonous milk.
- c. 1st century BCE, Anonymous (formerly misattributed to Ovid), Nux
- Lamina mollis adhuc tenero dum lacte, quod intro est,
nec mala sunt ulli nostra futura bono.- As their nutshell still remains soft with something tenderly milky inside,
my future fruits are not good to anyone.
- As their nutshell still remains soft with something tenderly milky inside,
- Lamina mollis adhuc tenero dum lacte, quod intro est,
- (poetic) milk-white color
- 2 CE, Publius Ovidius Naso, Ars Amatoria I.290:
- Forte sub umbrosis nemorosae vallibus Idae
candidus, armenti gloria, taurus erat,
signatus tenui media inter cornua nigro;
una fuit labes, cetera lactis erant.- As fortune had it, in the shadowy valleys of forested Ida,
there was a white bull, the glory of its herd,
marked by slightly black colour between its horns;
the blemish was (only) one, the rest were milk-white.
- As fortune had it, in the shadowy valleys of forested Ida,
- Forte sub umbrosis nemorosae vallibus Idae
Declension
Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem), singular only.
Case | Singular |
---|---|
Nominative | lac |
Genitive | lactis |
Dative | lactī |
Accusative | lac |
Ablative | lacte |
Vocative | lac |
Derived terms
- ā lacte cūnīsque (“from the cradle, from infancy”)
- lac pressum (“cheese”)
- tam similem, quam lactis (“as like as one egg is to another”)
- qui plus lactis quam sanguinis habet (“of tender age”)
- collactāneus
- lactāneus
- lactāris
- lactārius
- lactātum
- lacteō
- lacteolus
- lactēscō
- lacteus
- lacticīnium
- lactifer
- lactineus
- lactō
- lactoris
- lactōsus
- lactūca
- lactūcārius
Descendants
- Eastern Romance:
- Aromanian: lapti, lapte
- Romanian: lapte
- Franco-Provençal: lat
- Gallo-Italic:
- Piedmontese: làit
- Italo-Dalmatian:
- Italian: latte
- Sicilian: latti
- Old Occitan:
- Catalan: llet
- Occitan: lach, lait
- Old French: lait (see there for further descendants)
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- Friulian: lat
- Romansch: latg, lat
- Sardinian: late, lati
- Venetian: lat, late
- West Iberian:
- Extremaduran: lechi
- Navarro-Aragonese:
- Aragonese: lei
- Old Leonese:
- Asturian: lleche
- Leonese: lleite, lleiche, lleche
- Mirandese: lheite
- Old Portuguese: leite
- Galician: leite
- Portuguese: leite
- Kabuverdianu: leti
- Old Spanish: leche
- Ladino: leche
- Spanish: leche
- → Papiamentu: lechi
- → Cebuano: leche
- → Proto-Brythonic: *llaɨθ (see there for further descendants)
- →⇒ English: lactic, lact(o)-
- → Esperanto: lakto
- Ido: lakto
- → Interlingua: lacte
- → Interlingue: lacte
- → Old Irish: lacht (see there for further descendants)
References
- “lac”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “lac”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- lac in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) to imbibe error from one's mother's breasts: errorem cum lacte nutricis sugere (Tusc. 3. 1. 2)
- (ambiguous) to imbibe error from one's mother's breasts: errorem cum lacte nutricis sugere (Tusc. 3. 1. 2)
Norman
Etymology
From Old French lac, from Latin lacus (“lake”), from Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”).
Noun
lac m (plural lacs)
- (Jersey, geography) lake
Old English
Alternative forms
- læc
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *laiką, from *laiko- (“play”), compare *laikaną. Cognates include Old Norse leikr (whence Danish leg (“game”), Swedish leka (“to play”)), Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐍃 (laiks, “dance”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lɑːk/
Noun
lāc n or f
- play, sport
- battle, strife
- gift, offering, sacrifice, booty; message
- Hie drihtne lac begen brohton.
- They both brought an offering to the Lord.
Declension
- when neuter
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | lāc | lāc |
accusative | lāc | lāc |
genitive | lāces | lāca |
dative | lāce | lācum |
- when feminine
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | lāc | lāca, lāce |
accusative | lāce | lāca, lāce |
genitive | lāce | lāca |
dative | lāce | lācum |
Derived terms
- heaþolāc (“warfare”)
- wiflāc (“intercourse with a woman”)
- scīnlāc (“illusion, imagination, magical delusion”)
Related terms
- -lāc
- lācan
- lǣċan
Descendants
- Middle English: lake, lak, lac
- English: lake (dialectal)
Old French
Alternative forms
- lai (early)
Etymology
Generally assumed to be a borrowing of Latin lacus (“basin, tank, tub, reservoir, pond”), displacing the native Old French lai (“pit, grave, trench, mere, pond”), inherited from the same Latin term, by the early 13th century. Latin lacus derives from Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”),
The displacement of Old French lai may have been assisted by influence from early Middle English lac, lace (“lake, pond, pool", also "pit, ditch, trench”), from Old English lacu (“pool, pond, lake”), due to lac's sudden spread in Old French following the annexation of English controlled Normandy into the kingdom of France in 1204. A full-out borrowing of the term from Middle English rather than from the Latin is also not an impossibility, as the earliest attestations of Old French lac are in the Eadwine Psalter (written by Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-Norman scribes in England) and Erec and Enide (an Arthurian romance, whose author was heavily influenced by English, Anglo-Norman, and Celtic writings).
The Old Occitan lac, laz, latz (“snare, noose", also "pit, hole”), which some theorise as leading to the Old French form (with c), is actually derived from a different Latin root related to Old French laz (“snare, noose, lace”), and possibly conflated with Old High German lacha (“ditch, trench, pool”). See Italian lacca (“hole, pit”).
Noun
lac m (oblique plural las, nominative singular las, nominative plural lac)
- lake
Descendants
- Middle French: lac
- → Middle English: lac
- French: lac
- Norman: lac (Jersey)
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *laggos, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)leh₁g-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /l͈aɡ/
Adjective
lac
- weak, feeble
- (hair) soft, smooth
Derived terms
- lacaid
- lacatus
Descendants
- Irish: lag
- Manx: lag
- Scottish Gaelic: lag
Mutation
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
lac also llac after a proclitic | lac pronounced with /l(ʲ)-/ | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “lac”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Romanian
Etymology
From Latin lacus (“lake”), from Proto-Italic *lakus, from Proto-Indo-European *lókus (“lake, pool”). Compare Aragonese laco, Catalan llac, Esperanto lago, French lac, Italian lago, Maltese lag, Portuguese lago, Sardinian lagu, Spanish lago.
Noun
lac n (plural lacuri)
- lake
Declension
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) lac | lacul | (niște) lacuri | lacurile |
genitive/dative | (unui) lac | lacului | (unor) lacuri | lacurilor |
vocative | lacule | lacurilor |
Derived terms
- lăcos
Romansch
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
lac m
- paint
Synonyms
- vernisch (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader), verneisch (Surmiran)
Zazaki
Alternative forms
- laj[1]
- laz
Etymology
Compare Middle Armenian լաճ (lač).
Pronunciation
- (Northern Zazaki) IPA(key): [ˈlɑdz]
- (Southern Zazaki) IPA(key): [ˈlɑdʒ]
- Hyphenation: lac
Noun
lac m
- son[2]
- O lacê mıno. ― He is my son.
- Lacê to lacê mı rê vano. ― Your son says to my son.
- boy
- Çı lacê do rındo. ― What a beautiful boy.
References
- Todd, Terry Lynn (2008), Brigitte Werner, editor, A Grammar of Dimili (also Known as Zaza), Electronic edition, Giessen: Forum Linguistik in Eurasien e.V., page 145b
- Keskin, Mesut (2010), “lac”, in Wörterverzeichnis Zazaki-Deutsch, Deutsch-Zazaki (PDF), page 9a