küzd
Hungarian
FWOTD – 11 December 2013
Etymology
From Proto-Ugric or perhaps from Proto-Finno-Ugric *kᴕ̈śɜ (“competition, game; to compete, play”) [1] + -d (frequentative suffix).[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkyzd]
- Hyphenation: küzd
- Homophone: küzdd
- Rhymes: -yzd
Verb
küzd
- (intransitive) to fight (whether literally or figuratively; for something: -ért or against something: ellen; (optionally) with someone or something: -val/-vel)
- Synonyms: harcol, viaskodik
- (intransitive) to struggle, to strive (to labour in difficulty)
- 1861, Imre Madách, The Tragedy of Man (Az ember tragédiája), play, scene 15; English translation by Iain MacLeod:
- Mondottam, ember: küzdj és bízva bízzál!
- Have faith, Adam, and fight the noble fight!
- (Literally: “I’ve spoken, man, strive on and trust a-trusting!”)
- Have faith, Adam, and fight the noble fight!
- Mondottam, ember: küzdj és bízva bízzál!
- 1861, Imre Madách, The Tragedy of Man (Az ember tragédiája), play, scene 15; English translation by Iain MacLeod:
Conjugation
conjugation of küzd
1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal | 3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal | 1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal | 3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood | Present | Indef. | küzdök | küzdesz | küzd | küzdünk | küzdötök or küzdtök | küzdenek |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | küzdtem | küzdtél | küzdött | küzdtünk | küzdtetek | küzdtek | |
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood | Present | Indef. | küzdenék | küzdenél | küzdene | küzdenénk | küzdenétek | küzdenének |
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Subjunctive mood | Present | Indef. | küzdjek | küzdj or küzdjél | küzdjön | küzdjünk | küzdjetek | küzdjenek |
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Infinitive | küzdeni | küzdenem | küzdened | küzdenie | küzdenünk | küzdenetek | küzdeniük | |
Other nonfinite verb forms | Verbal noun | Present participle | Past participle | Future part. | Adverbial part. | Potential | ||
küzdés | küzdő | küzdött | ― | küzdve | küzdhet |
or
conjugation of küzd
1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal | 3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal | 1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal | 3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood | Present | Indef. | küzdök | küzdesz | küzd | küzdünk | küzdötök | küzdenek |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | küzdöttem | küzdöttél | küzdött | küzdöttünk | küzdöttetek | küzdöttek | |
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood | Present | Indef. | küzdenék | küzdenél | küzdene | küzdenénk | küzdenétek | küzdenének |
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Subjunctive mood | Present | Indef. | küzdjek | küzdj or küzdjél | küzdjön | küzdjünk | küzdjetek | küzdjenek |
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Infinitive | küzdeni | küzdenem | küzdened | küzdenie | küzdenünk | küzdenetek | küzdeniük | |
Other nonfinite verb forms | Verbal noun | Present participle | Past participle | Future part. | Adverbial part. | Potential | ||
küzdés | küzdő | küzdött | ― | küzdve | küzdhet |
Derived terms
- küzdelem
- küzdés
Compound words
- küzdősport
(With verbal prefixes):
- átküzd
- felküzd
- kiküzd
- leküzd
- megküzd
- végigküzd
Related terms
- küszködik
References
- Entry #447 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary.
- küzd in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- küzd in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN