kutsuma
Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kuccudak.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kˈutsumɑ/
Verb
kutsuma (da-infinitive kutsuda)
- to invite (ask for the presence or participation of)
- to call (request, summon, or beckon)
- to call (name or refer to)
Conjugation
Inflection of kutsuma (ÕS type 28/õppima, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | kutsun | ei kutsu | 1st sing. | olen kutsunud | ei ole kutsunud pole kutsunud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kutsud | 2nd sing. | oled kutsunud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | kutsub | 3rd sing. | on kutsunud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | kutsume | 1st plur. | oleme kutsunud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | kutsute | 2nd plur. | olete kutsunud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | kutsuvad | 3rd plur. | on kutsunud | ||||||
| passive | kutsutakse | ei kutsuta | passive | on kutsutud | ei ole kutsutud pole kutsutud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | kutsusin | ei kutsunud | 1st sing. | olin kutsunud | ei olnud kutsunud polnud kutsunud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kutsusid | 2nd sing. | olid kutsunud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | kutsus | 3rd sing. | oli kutsunud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | kutsusime | 1st plur. | olime kutsunud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | kutsusite | 2nd plur. | olite kutsunud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | kutsusid | 3rd plur. | oli kutsunud | ||||||
| passive | kutsuti | ei kutsutud | passive | oli kutsutud | ei olnud kutsutud polnud kutsutud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | kutsuksin | ei kutsuks | 1st sing. | kutsunuksin oleksin kutsunud | ei oleks kutsunud poleks kutsunud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kutsuksid | 2nd sing. | kutsunuksid oleksid kutsunud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | kutsuks | 3rd sing. | kutsunuks oleks kutsunud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | kutsuksime | 1st plur. | kutsunuksime oleksime kutsunud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | kutsuksite | 2nd plur. | kutsunuksite oleksite kutsunud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | kutsuksid | 3rd plur. | kutsunuksid oleksid kutsunud | ||||||
| passive | kutsutaks | ei kutsutaks | passive | kutsutuks oleks kutsutud | ei oleks kutsutud poleks kutsutud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kutsu | ära kutsu | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||
| 3rd sing. | kutsugu | ärgu kutsugu | 3rd sing. | olgu kutsunud | ärgu olgu kutsunud | ||||
| 1st plur. | kutsugem | ärme kutsume ärme kutsu ärgem kutsugem | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd plur. | kutsuge | ärge kutsuge | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||
| 3rd plur. | kutsugu | ärgu kutsugu | 3rd plur. | olgu kutsunud | ärgu olgu kutsunud | ||||
| passive | kutsutagu | ärgu kutsutagu | passive | olgu kutsutud | ärgu olgu kutsutud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | kutsuvat | ei kutsuvat | active | olevat kutsunud | ei olevat kutsunud polevat kutsunud | ||||
| passive | kutsutavat | ei kutsutavat | passive | olevat kutsutud | ei olevat kutsutud polevat kutsutud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | kutsuma | kutsutama | nominative | kutsuda | olla kutsunud | ||||
| inessive | kutsumas | — | inessive | kutsudes | olles kutsunud | ||||
| elative | kutsumast | — | participle | active | passive | ||||
| translative | kutsumaks | — | present | kutsuv | kutsutav | ||||
| abessive | kutsumata | — | past | kutsunud | kutsutud | ||||
Further reading
- kutsuma in Eesti keele põhisõnavara sõnastik
- kutsuma in Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat
- kutsuma in Raadik, M., editor (2018), Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus, →ISBN
- kutsuma in Sõnaveeb