kulkea
Finnish
(index ku)
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kulkedak, from Proto-Uralic *kulke-, possibly from or akin to Proto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-. Cognates include Estonian kulgema, Hungarian halad.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkulkeɑˣ/, [ˈkulke̞ɑ(ʔ)]
- Hyphenation: kul‧ke‧a
- Rhymes: -sulkea
Verb
kulkea
- (intransitive) To go, walk; to travel.
- kulkea autolla
- to go by car
- kulkea autolla
- (intransitive) To advance, proceed, make headway, move/go ahead/forward, make strides, gain ground.
- kulkea eteenpäin
- to move forward
- kulkea eteenpäin
Usage notes
- (to go/walk/travel) Expressing movement, kulkea is quite often used when telling the means (by foot, by train, by car, etc.).
Conjugation
| Inflection of kulkea (Kotus type 58/laskea, k-j gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kuljen | en kulje | 1st sing. | olen kulkenut | en ole kulkenut | |
| 2nd sing. | kuljet | et kulje | 2nd sing. | olet kulkenut | et ole kulkenut | |
| 3rd sing. | kulkee | ei kulje | 3rd sing. | on kulkenut | ei ole kulkenut | |
| 1st plur. | kuljemme | emme kulje | 1st plur. | olemme kulkeneet | emme ole kulkeneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kuljette | ette kulje | 2nd plur. | olette kulkeneet | ette ole kulkeneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kulkevat | eivät kulje | 3rd plur. | ovat kulkeneet | eivät ole kulkeneet | |
| passive | kuljetaan | ei kuljeta | passive | on kuljettu | ei ole kuljettu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kuljin | en kulkenut | 1st sing. | olin kulkenut | en ollut kulkenut | |
| 2nd sing. | kuljit | et kulkenut | 2nd sing. | olit kulkenut | et ollut kulkenut | |
| 3rd sing. | kulki | ei kulkenut | 3rd sing. | oli kulkenut | ei ollut kulkenut | |
| 1st plur. | kuljimme | emme kulkeneet | 1st plur. | olimme kulkeneet | emme olleet kulkeneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kuljitte | ette kulkeneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kulkeneet | ette olleet kulkeneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kulkivat | eivät kulkeneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kulkeneet | eivät olleet kulkeneet | |
| passive | kuljettiin | ei kuljettu | passive | oli kuljettu | ei ollut kuljettu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kulkisin | en kulkisi | 1st sing. | olisin kulkenut | en olisi kulkenut | |
| 2nd sing. | kulkisit | et kulkisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kulkenut | et olisi kulkenut | |
| 3rd sing. | kulkisi | ei kulkisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kulkenut | ei olisi kulkenut | |
| 1st plur. | kulkisimme | emme kulkisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kulkeneet | emme olisi kulkeneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kulkisitte | ette kulkisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kulkeneet | ette olisi kulkeneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kulkisivat | eivät kulkisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kulkeneet | eivät olisi kulkeneet | |
| passive | kuljettaisiin | ei kuljettaisi | passive | olisi kuljettu | ei olisi kuljettu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | kulje | älä kulje | 2nd sing. | ole kulkenut | älä ole kulkenut | |
| 3rd sing. | kulkekoon | älköön kulkeko | 3rd sing. | olkoon kulkenut | älköön olko kulkenut | |
| 1st plur. | kulkekaamme | älkäämme kulkeko | 1st plur. | olkaamme kulkeneet | älkäämme olko kulkeneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kulkekaa | älkää kulkeko | 2nd plur. | olkaa kulkeneet | älkää olko kulkeneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kulkekoot | älkööt kulkeko | 3rd plur. | olkoot kulkeneet | älkööt olko kulkeneet | |
| passive | kuljettakoon | älköön kuljettako | passive | olkoon kuljettu | älköön olko kuljettu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kulkenen | en kulkene | 1st sing. | lienen kulkenut | en liene kulkenut | |
| 2nd sing. | kulkenet | et kulkene | 2nd sing. | lienet kulkenut | et liene kulkenut | |
| 3rd sing. | kulkenee | ei kulkene | 3rd sing. | lienee kulkenut | ei liene kulkenut | |
| 1st plur. | kulkenemme | emme kulkene | 1st plur. | lienemme kulkeneet | emme liene kulkeneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kulkenette | ette kulkene | 2nd plur. | lienette kulkeneet | ette liene kulkeneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kulkenevat | eivät kulkene | 3rd plur. | lienevät kulkeneet | eivät liene kulkeneet | |
| passive | kuljettaneen | ei kuljettane | passive | lienee kuljettu | ei liene kuljettu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | kulkea | present | kulkeva | kuljettava | ||
| long 1st2 | kulkeakseen | past | kulkenut | kuljettu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | kulkiessa | kuljettaessa | agent1, 3 | kulkema | |
| instructive | kulkien | — | negative | kulkematon | ||
| 3rd | inessive | kulkemassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | kulkemasta | — | ||||
| illative | kulkemaan | — | ||||
| adessive | kulkemalla | — | ||||
| abessive | kulkematta | — | ||||
| instructive | kulkeman | kuljettaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | kulkeminen | ||||
| partitive | kulkemista | |||||
| 5th2 | kulkemaisillaan | |||||
Synonyms
- (to go, travel) liikkua
- (to advance, proceed etc.) edetä
Derived terms
- nouns: kulkija, kulku, kulkue, kulkuri
- verbs: frequentative kuljeksia, kuljeskella; causative kuljettaa; reflexive kulkeutua
Anagrams
- elukka