amender
English
Etymology
amend + -er
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -ɛndə(ɹ)
Noun
amender (plural amenders)
- One who amends.
Translations
one who amends
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Anagrams
- Merenda, enarmed, meander, reamend, reedman, renamed
French
Etymology
From Old French amender, from Latin ēmendāre, present active infinitive of ēmendō (“I free from faults, correct, improve, remedy, amend, revise, cure”), from ex (“from, out of”) + mendum (“fault”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /a.mɑ̃.de/
audio (file)
Verb
amender
- (transitive) to amend
- (transitive) to improve (e.g. land, conduct)
- (transitive, figuratively) to mend (one's ways), reform
Conjugation
Conjugation of amender (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | amender | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | amendant /a.mɑ̃.dɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | amendé /a.mɑ̃.de/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | amende /a.mɑ̃d/ | amendes /a.mɑ̃d/ | amende /a.mɑ̃d/ | amendons /a.mɑ̃.dɔ̃/ | amendez /a.mɑ̃.de/ | amendent /a.mɑ̃d/ |
| imperfect | amendais /a.mɑ̃.dɛ/ | amendais /a.mɑ̃.dɛ/ | amendait /a.mɑ̃.dɛ/ | amendions /a.mɑ̃.djɔ̃/ | amendiez /a.mɑ̃.dje/ | amendaient /a.mɑ̃.dɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | amendai /a.mɑ̃.de/ | amendas /a.mɑ̃.da/ | amenda /a.mɑ̃.da/ | amendâmes /a.mɑ̃.dam/ | amendâtes /a.mɑ̃.dat/ | amendèrent /a.mɑ̃.dɛʁ/ | |
| future | amenderai /a.mɑ̃.dʁe/ | amenderas /a.mɑ̃.dʁa/ | amendera /a.mɑ̃.dʁa/ | amenderons /a.mɑ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | amenderez /a.mɑ̃.dʁe/ | amenderont /a.mɑ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | amenderais /a.mɑ̃.dʁɛ/ | amenderais /a.mɑ̃.dʁɛ/ | amenderait /a.mɑ̃.dʁɛ/ | amenderions /a.mɑ̃.də.ʁjɔ̃/ | amenderiez /a.mɑ̃.də.ʁje/ | amenderaient /a.mɑ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | amende /a.mɑ̃d/ | amendes /a.mɑ̃d/ | amende /a.mɑ̃d/ | amendions /a.mɑ̃.djɔ̃/ | amendiez /a.mɑ̃.dje/ | amendent /a.mɑ̃d/ |
| imperfect2 | amendasse /a.mɑ̃.das/ | amendasses /a.mɑ̃.das/ | amendât /a.mɑ̃.da/ | amendassions /a.mɑ̃.da.sjɔ̃/ | amendassiez /a.mɑ̃.da.sje/ | amendassent /a.mɑ̃.das/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | amende /a.mɑ̃d/ | — | amendons /a.mɑ̃.dɔ̃/ | amendez /a.mɑ̃.de/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Derived terms
- amendable
- amende
- amendement
- s'amender
Further reading
- “amender”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- méandre, méandré
Middle French
Etymology
Old French amender < Latin ēmendō.
Verb
amender
- to improve
- to fine (impose a financial penalty upon)
Descendants
- French: amender
References
- amender on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)
Norman
Etymology
From Old French amender, from Latin ēmendō, ēmendāre (“free from faults, correct, improve, remedy, amend, revise, cure”), from ex (“from, out of”) + mendum (“fault”).
Pronunciation
Audio (Jersey) (file)
Verb
amender
- (Jersey) to improve
Old French
Etymology
Latin ēmendāre, present active infinitive of ēmendō (“I free from faults, correct, improve, remedy, amend, revise, cure”). The prefixes a- and es- are often used interchangeably in Old French.
Verb
amender
- to correct; to set right
- to fix; to repair
- (of an illness, etc.) to cure
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-d, *-ds, *-dt are modified to t, z, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of amender (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | amender | avoir amendé | |||||
| gerund | en amendant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | amendant | ||||||
| past participle | amendé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | ament | amendes | amende | amendons | amendez | amendent |
| imperfect | amendoie, amendeie, amendoe, amendeve | amendoies, amendeies, amendoes, amendeves | amendoit, amendeit, amendot, amendeve | amendiiens, amendiens | amendiiez, amendiez | amendoient, amendeient, amendoent, amendevent | |
| preterite | amendai | amendas | amenda | amendames | amendastes | amenderent | |
| future | amenderai | amenderas | amendera | amenderons | amenderoiz, amendereiz, amenderez | amenderont | |
| conditional | amenderoie, amendereie | amenderoies, amendereies | amenderoit, amendereit | amenderiiens, amenderiens | amenderiiez, amenderiez | amenderoient, amendereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | ament | amenz | ament | amendons | amendez | amendent |
| imperfect | amendasse | amendasses | amendast | amendissons, amendissiens | amendissoiz, amendissez, amendissiez | amendassent | |
| compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | amende | — | amendons | amendez | — | ||