abicio
Latin
Etymology
From ab- (“from, down or away from”) + iaciō (“throw, hurl”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /aˈbi.ki.oː/, [äˈbɪkioː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /aˈbi.t͡ʃi.o/, [äˈbiːt͡ʃio]
- (Classical) IPA(key): /abˈi̯i.ki.oː/, [äbˈi̯ɪkioː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /abˈji.t͡ʃi.o/, [äbˈjiːt͡ʃio]
Verb
abiciō (present infinitive abicere, perfect active abiēcī, supine abiectum); third conjugation iō-variant
- I throw or hurl down or away, cast or push away or aside
- I give up, abandon; expose; discard
- I humble, degrade, reduce, lower, cast down
- I overthrow, vanquish
- I sell cheaply, undervalue; waste; degrade, belittle
- (with se) I throw myself on the ground; throw myself away, degrade myself, give up in despair
- (of weapons) I discharge, fling, hurl, cast, throw
Conjugation
| Conjugation of abiciō (third conjugation iō-variant) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | abiciō | abicis | abicit | abicimus | abicitis | abiciunt |
| imperfect | abiciēbam | abiciēbās | abiciēbat | abiciēbāmus | abiciēbātis | abiciēbant | |
| future | abiciam | abiciēs | abiciet | abiciēmus | abiciētis | abicient | |
| perfect | abiēcī | abiēcistī | abiēcit | abiēcimus | abiēcistis | abiēcērunt, abiēcēre | |
| pluperfect | abiēceram | abiēcerās | abiēcerat | abiēcerāmus | abiēcerātis | abiēcerant | |
| future perfect | abiēcerō | abiēceris | abiēcerit | abiēcerimus | abiēceritis | abiēcerint | |
| passive | present | abicior | abiceris, abicere | abicitur | abicimur | abiciminī | abiciuntur |
| imperfect | abiciēbar | abiciēbāris, abiciēbāre | abiciēbātur | abiciēbāmur | abiciēbāminī | abiciēbantur | |
| future | abiciar | abiciēris, abiciēre | abiciētur | abiciēmur | abiciēminī | abicientur | |
| perfect | abiectus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | abiectus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | abiectus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | abiciam | abiciās | abiciat | abiciāmus | abiciātis | abiciant |
| imperfect | abicerem | abicerēs | abiceret | abicerēmus | abicerētis | abicerent | |
| perfect | abiēcerim | abiēcerīs | abiēcerit | abiēcerīmus | abiēcerītis | abiēcerint | |
| pluperfect | abiēcissem | abiēcissēs | abiēcisset | abiēcissēmus | abiēcissētis | abiēcissent | |
| passive | present | abiciar | abiciāris, abiciāre | abiciātur | abiciāmur | abiciāminī | abiciantur |
| imperfect | abicerer | abicerēris, abicerēre | abicerētur | abicerēmur | abicerēminī | abicerentur | |
| perfect | abiectus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | abiectus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | abice | — | — | abicite | — |
| future | — | abicitō | abicitō | — | abicitōte | abiciuntō | |
| passive | present | — | abicere | — | — | abiciminī | — |
| future | — | abicitor | abicitor | — | — | abiciuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | abicere | abiēcisse | abiectūrum esse | abicī | abiectum esse | abiectum īrī | |
| participles | abiciēns | — | abiectūrus | — | abiectus | abiciendus, abiciundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| abiciendī | abiciendō | abiciendum | abiciendō | abiectum | abiectū | ||
Synonyms
- (throw): coniciō, iniciō, adiciō, obiciō, dēiciō, iaculor, iaciō, iactō, trāiciō, impingō, ēmittō, mittō, permittō
- (give up, abandon): dēdō, dēstituō, dīmittō, prōdō, dēserō, concēdō, cēdō, dēcēdō, dēspondeō
- (overthrow, vanquish): convellō, corruō, dēleō, dīruō, ēruō, ēvertō, opprimō, pervertō, prōflīgō, prōruō, prōsternō, subvertō, superobruō
- (reduce): abdūcō, attenuō
- (waste): comedō
- (humble): contemnō, dēprimō, trādūcō
Antonyms
- (reduce): amplificō, augeō
- (waste): salvō, servō
Derived terms
- abiectē
- abiectiō
- abiectus
Related terms
- adiciō
- circumiciō
- cōniciō
- dēiciō
- disiciō
- ēiciō
- iaciō
- iniciō
- intericiō
- obiciō
- praeiciō
- prōiciō
- rēiciō
- subiciō
- superiaciō
- trāiciō
Descendants
- English: abject
- Italian: abiettare
- Portuguese: abjetar
- Spanish: abyectar
References
- “abicio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “abicio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- abicio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to throw oneself at some one's feet: ad pedes alicuius se proicere, se abicere, procumbere, se prosternere
- to study the commonplace: cogitationes in res humiles abicere (De Amic. 9. 32) (Opp. alte spectare, ad altiora tendere, altum, magnificum, divinum suspicere)
- to let a plan fall through: consilium abicere or deponere
- to picture to oneself again: memoriam alicuius rei repraesentare (opp. memoriam alicuius rei deponere, abicere)
- to banish grief: dolorem abicere, deponere, depellere
- to banish one's fears: abicere, omittere timorem
- to give up hoping: spem abicere, deponere
- to be quite insensible to all feelings of humanity: omnem humanitatem exuisse, abiecisse (Lig. 5. 14)
- to throw away one's arms: arma abicere
- to throw oneself at some one's feet: ad pedes alicuius se proicere, se abicere, procumbere, se prosternere