kovati
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *kovati, analogical form of *kuti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kǒʋati/
- Hyphenation: ko‧va‧ti
Verb
kòvati impf (Cyrillic spelling ко̀вати)
- (transitive) to forge
- (transitive) to mint, coin
- (transitive) to plot, hatch
Conjugation
Conjugation of kovati
| Infinitive: kovati | Present verbal adverb: kȕjūći | Past verbal adverb: — | Verbal noun: kòvānje | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |
| Verbal forms | ja | ti | on / ona / ono | mi | vi | oni / one / ona | |
| Present | kujem | kuješ | kuje | kujemo | kujete | kuju | |
| Future | Future I | kovat ću1 kovaću | kovat ćeš1 kovaćeš | kovat će1 kovaće | kovat ćemo1 kovaćemo | kovat ćete1 kovaćete | kovat će1 kovaće |
| Future II | bȕdēm kovao2 | bȕdēš kovao2 | bȕdē kovao2 | bȕdēmo kovali2 | bȕdēte kovali2 | bȕdū kovali2 | |
| Past | Perfect | kovao sam2 | kovao si2 | kovao je2 | kovali smo2 | kovali ste2 | kovali su2 |
| Pluperfect3 | bȉo sam kovao2 | bȉo si kovao2 | bȉo je kovao2 | bíli smo kovali2 | bíli ste kovali2 | bíli su kovali2 | |
| Imperfect | kovah | kovaše | kovaše | kovasmo | kovaste | kovahu | |
| Conditional I | kovao bih2 | kovao bi2 | kovao bi2 | kovali bismo2 | kovali biste2 | kovali bi2 | |
| Conditional II4 | bȉo bih kovao2 | bȉo bi kovao2 | bȉo bi kovao2 | bíli bismo kovali2 | bíli biste kovali2 | bíli bi kovali2 | |
| Imperative | — | kuj | — | kujmo | kujte | — | |
| Active past participle | kovao m / kovala f / kovalo n | kovali m / kovale f / kovala n | |||||
| Passive past participle | kovan m / kovana f / kovano n | kovani m / kovane f / kovana n | |||||
| 1 Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. 2 For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. 3 Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. 4 Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. | |||||||
Derived terms
- iskòvati
- nakòvati
- okòvati
- otkòvati
- potkòvati
- prekòvati
- prikòvati
- raskòvati
- skòvati
- ukòvati
- zakòvati
Related terms
- kòvāč
Slovene
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *kovati, analogical form of *kuti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kɔʋàːti/
Verb
kováti impf
- to forge
Inflection
| -ovati -ujem (AP c) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | kováti | |||||
| 1st singular | kújem | |||||
| infinitive | kováti | kovȁt | ||||
| supine | kovȃt | |||||
| verbal noun | kovȃnje | |||||
| participle | converb | |||||
| present | kujọ̄č | kovȃje | ||||
| past | kován | — | ||||
| l-participle | masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
| singular | kovȃł | kovála | kovȃlo | |||
| dual | kovȃla | kovȃli | kovȃli | |||
| plural | kovȃli | kovȃle | kovȃla | |||
| present | imperative | |||||
| 1st singular | kújem | — | ||||
| 2nd singular | kúješ | kūj | ||||
| 3rd singular | kúje | — | ||||
| 1st dual | kújeva | kȗjva | ||||
| 2nd dual | kújeta | kȗjta | ||||
| 3rd dual | kújeta | — | ||||
| 1st plural | kújemo | kȗjmo | ||||
| 2nd plural | kújete | kȗjte | ||||
| 3rd plural | kújejo | — | ||||
Derived terms
- nakováti
- okováti
- podkováti
- skováti
- zakováti
Further reading
- “kovati”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran