koskea
Finnish
Etymology 1
From Proto-Finnic *koskedak, possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *koske- (compare Proto-Samic *kuoskëtēk and possibly Komi-Zyrian косны (kosny)).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkoskeɑˣ/, [ˈko̞s̠ke̞ɑ(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -oskeɑ
- Syllabification(key): kos‧ke‧a
Verb
koskea
- (intransitive + illative) to touch
- Koskitko sinä siihen?
- Did you touch it?
- (intransitive + illative) to touch (physically disturb; to interfere with, molest, or attempt to harm through contact)
- Jos kosket häneen, tapan sinut.
- If you touch her, I'll kill you.
- (intransitive, impersonal, illative + 3rd-person singular) to be sore, to ache (physically)
- Jalkoihini koskee.
- My legs are sore.
- (transitive + partitive) to apply to, pertain to, concern
- Tämä koskee myös sinua.
- This concerns you, too.
Conjugation
| Inflection of koskea (Kotus type 58/laskea, no gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kosken | en koske | 1st sing. | olen koskenut | en ole koskenut | |
| 2nd sing. | kosket | et koske | 2nd sing. | olet koskenut | et ole koskenut | |
| 3rd sing. | koskee | ei koske | 3rd sing. | on koskenut | ei ole koskenut | |
| 1st plur. | koskemme | emme koske | 1st plur. | olemme koskeneet | emme ole koskeneet | |
| 2nd plur. | koskette | ette koske | 2nd plur. | olette koskeneet | ette ole koskeneet | |
| 3rd plur. | koskevat | eivät koske | 3rd plur. | ovat koskeneet | eivät ole koskeneet | |
| passive | kosketaan | ei kosketa | passive | on koskettu | ei ole koskettu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | koskin | en koskenut | 1st sing. | olin koskenut | en ollut koskenut | |
| 2nd sing. | koskit | et koskenut | 2nd sing. | olit koskenut | et ollut koskenut | |
| 3rd sing. | koski | ei koskenut | 3rd sing. | oli koskenut | ei ollut koskenut | |
| 1st plur. | koskimme | emme koskeneet | 1st plur. | olimme koskeneet | emme olleet koskeneet | |
| 2nd plur. | koskitte | ette koskeneet | 2nd plur. | olitte koskeneet | ette olleet koskeneet | |
| 3rd plur. | koskivat | eivät koskeneet | 3rd plur. | olivat koskeneet | eivät olleet koskeneet | |
| passive | koskettiin | ei koskettu | passive | oli koskettu | ei ollut koskettu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | koskisin | en koskisi | 1st sing. | olisin koskenut | en olisi koskenut | |
| 2nd sing. | koskisit | et koskisi | 2nd sing. | olisit koskenut | et olisi koskenut | |
| 3rd sing. | koskisi | ei koskisi | 3rd sing. | olisi koskenut | ei olisi koskenut | |
| 1st plur. | koskisimme | emme koskisi | 1st plur. | olisimme koskeneet | emme olisi koskeneet | |
| 2nd plur. | koskisitte | ette koskisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte koskeneet | ette olisi koskeneet | |
| 3rd plur. | koskisivat | eivät koskisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat koskeneet | eivät olisi koskeneet | |
| passive | koskettaisiin | ei koskettaisi | passive | olisi koskettu | ei olisi koskettu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | koske | älä koske | 2nd sing. | ole koskenut | älä ole koskenut | |
| 3rd sing. | koskekoon | älköön koskeko | 3rd sing. | olkoon koskenut | älköön olko koskenut | |
| 1st plur. | koskekaamme | älkäämme koskeko | 1st plur. | olkaamme koskeneet | älkäämme olko koskeneet | |
| 2nd plur. | koskekaa | älkää koskeko | 2nd plur. | olkaa koskeneet | älkää olko koskeneet | |
| 3rd plur. | koskekoot | älkööt koskeko | 3rd plur. | olkoot koskeneet | älkööt olko koskeneet | |
| passive | koskettakoon | älköön koskettako | passive | olkoon koskettu | älköön olko koskettu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | koskenen | en koskene | 1st sing. | lienen koskenut | en liene koskenut | |
| 2nd sing. | koskenet | et koskene | 2nd sing. | lienet koskenut | et liene koskenut | |
| 3rd sing. | koskenee | ei koskene | 3rd sing. | lienee koskenut | ei liene koskenut | |
| 1st plur. | koskenemme | emme koskene | 1st plur. | lienemme koskeneet | emme liene koskeneet | |
| 2nd plur. | koskenette | ette koskene | 2nd plur. | lienette koskeneet | ette liene koskeneet | |
| 3rd plur. | koskenevat | eivät koskene | 3rd plur. | lienevät koskeneet | eivät liene koskeneet | |
| passive | koskettaneen | ei koskettane | passive | lienee koskettu | ei liene koskettu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | koskea | present | koskeva | koskettava | ||
| long 1st2 | koskeakseen | past | koskenut | koskettu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | koskiessa | koskettaessa | agent1, 3 | koskema | |
| instructive | koskien | — | negative | koskematon | ||
| 3rd | inessive | koskemassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | koskemasta | — | ||||
| illative | koskemaan | — | ||||
| adessive | koskemalla | — | ||||
| abessive | koskematta | — | ||||
| instructive | koskeman | koskettaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | koskeminen | ||||
| partitive | koskemista | |||||
| 5th2 | koskemaisillaan | |||||
Synonyms
- (to touch) koskettaa, (accidentally) osua
- (to touch in order to physically disturb): kajota
- (to hurt) sattua, tehdä kipeää, särkeä
- (to apply to) vaikuttaa
Derived terms
- adjectives: koskematon
- verbs: factitive/causative koskettaa
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkoskeɑ/, [ˈko̞s̠ke̞ɑ]
- Rhymes: -oskeɑ
- Syllabification(key): kos‧ke‧a
Noun
koskea
- partitive singular of koski