kopik

Hungarian

Etymology

Probably an onomatopoeia + -ik. Its stem may be the same as of the verb koppan (“to thud”). [1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈkopik]
Hyphenation: ko‧pik
Rhymes: -opik

Verb

kopik

(intransitive, of an object) to become threadbare, to get thin from wear
Kopik a gyerekek cipője, újat kell vennem. ― The kids' shoes are wearing out, I need to buy some new ones.
(intransitive, of the human body) to wear out (to deteriorate over time due to continued use, exposure, or strain)

Usage notes

This verb is called a pseudo-ik verb, as its -ik ending presents itself only in the 3rd-person singular (indicative present) form, but it is not an -ik verb in any other aspect. As a result, it cannot take the -om/-em/-öm ending in the 1st-person singular (indicative present) form, even in the most erudite style, only -ok/-ek/-ök. Naturally, the optional -m ending cannot appear, either, in their subjunctive or conditional 1st-person singular forms, so only -jak/-jek and -nék is possible in these respective forms. Similarly, the archaic -ék is not possible, either, in the subjunctive or conditional 3rd-person singular forms, i.e. -jék or -nék, only -jon/-jen-jön can appear as their subjunctive 3rd-person singular forms and -na/-ne as their conditional 3rd-person singular forms. These verbs include the following: bomlik, (el)bújik, (meg)érik, (le)folyik, (össze)gyűlik, hazudik, (le)hullik, (bele)/(oda)illik, (meg)jelenik, (el)kopik, (el)múlik, ömlik, (meg)születik, (meg)szűnik, (meg)telik, tojik, (el)törik, (el)/(fel)tűnik, (el)válik, and (el)züllik. (Ki)nyílik partially belongs here, as it cannot take the first-person -om ending but it can take the third-person -jék.

Conjugation

conjugation of kopik

			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	kopok	kopsz	kopik	kopunk	koptok	kopnak
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	koptam	koptál	kopott	koptunk	koptatok	koptak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	kopnék	kopnál	kopna	kopnánk	kopnátok	kopnának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	kopjak	kopj or kopjál	kopjon or kopjék	kopjunk	kopjatok	kopjanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Infinitive	kopni		kopnom	kopnod	kopnia	kopnunk	kopnotok	kopniuk
Other nonfinite verb forms			Verbal noun	Present participle	Past participle	Future part.	Adverbial part.	Potential
Other nonfinite verb forms			kopás	kopó	kopott	―	kopva	kophat

Derived terms

kopasz
kopás
koptat

(With verbal prefixes):

elkopik
felkopik
kikopik
lekopik
megkopik

References

Eőry, Vilma. Értelmező szótár+ (’Explanatory Dictionary Plus’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2007. →ISBN