komme
Afrikaans
Noun
komme
- plural of kom
Central Franconian
Alternative forms
- kumme (some Ripuarian dialects, including Kölsch)
- kun, kunn, konn (Ripuarian; some Moselle Franconian dialects; chiefly dated)
Etymology
From Old High German kweman, from Proto-West Germanic *kweman, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷémt. The form is native in Moselle Franconian, but borrowed from German in Ripuarian.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkomə/
Verb
komme (third-person singular present kennt or kött, past tense kom, past participle komme or jekomme or gekomme)
- to come
Usage notes
- The present conjugation in Moselle Franconian goes: du kenns, hä kennt, dir kommt.
- The present conjugation in Ripuarian goes: du köss, hä kött, ühr kott. These forms are vestiges of the old infinitive konn, kunn.
Danish
Etymology
From Old Danish komæ, kommæ, kombæ, from Old Norse koma, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną, cognate with English come, German kommen. The Germanic verb goes back to Proto-Indo-European *gʷem- (“to step”), cf. Latin veniō, Ancient Greek βαίνω (baínō) (whence also base and basis).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkʰʌmə], [ˈkʰʌmm̩]
- Rhymes: -ɒmə
Verb
komme (imperative kom, present kommer, past kom, past participle kommet, c kommen, definite or plural komne)
- to come
- Kom med mig
- Come with me
- to get
- (intransitive) To appear, to manifest itself; come
- Smerten i benet kommer og går
- The pain in his leg comes and goes.
- to arrive
- Han kom i tid
- He came on time
- to put
- Han kom glasur på
- He put frosting on
- to reach orgasm; to come
- Han kom i min hånd
- He came in my hand
Inflection
| present | past | |
|---|---|---|
| simple | kommer | kom |
| perfect | er kommet | var kommet |
| passive | kommes | — |
| participle | kommende | kommet |
| imperative | kom | — |
| infinitive | komme | — |
| auxiliary verb | være | — |
| gerund | kommen | — |
References
- “komme” in Den Danske Ordbog
- “komme” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog
Estonian
Etymology 1
Of Finnic origin. Cognate to Finnish komme (“trick, deception”) and Livonian kom (“deception”).
Noun
komme (genitive kombe, partitive kommet)
- custom, tradition
- habit
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | komme | kombed |
| accusative | kombe | kombed |
| genitive | kombe | kommete |
| partitive | kommet | kombeid |
| illative | kombesse | kommetesse kombeisse |
| inessive | kombes | kommetes kombeis |
| elative | kombest | kommetest kombeist |
| allative | kombele | kommetele kombeile |
| adessive | kombel | kommetel kombeil |
| ablative | kombelt | kommetelt kombeilt |
| translative | kombeks | kommeteks kombeiks |
| terminative | kombeni | kommeteni |
| essive | kombena | kommetena |
| abessive | kombeta | kommeteta |
| comitative | kombega | kommetega |
Noun
komme
- partitive plural of komm
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kombeh (compare Estonian komme).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkomːeˣ/, [ˈko̞mːe̞(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -omːe
- Syllabification(key): kom‧me
Noun
komme
- (dialectal) trick, stunt
Declension
| Inflection of komme (Kotus type 48*H/hame, mp-mm gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | komme | kompeet | |
| genitive | kompeen | kompeiden kompeitten | |
| partitive | kommetta | kompeita | |
| illative | kompeeseen | kompeisiin kompeihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | komme | kompeet | |
| accusative | nom. | komme | kompeet |
| gen. | kompeen | ||
| genitive | kompeen | kompeiden kompeitten | |
| partitive | kommetta | kompeita | |
| inessive | kompeessa | kompeissa | |
| elative | kompeesta | kompeista | |
| illative | kompeeseen | kompeisiin kompeihin | |
| adessive | kompeella | kompeilla | |
| ablative | kompeelta | kompeilta | |
| allative | kompeelle | kompeille | |
| essive | kompeena | kompeina | |
| translative | kompeeksi | kompeiksi | |
| instructive | — | kompein | |
| abessive | kompeetta | kompeitta | |
| comitative | — | kompeineen | |
| Possessive forms of komme (type hame) | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | singular | plural |
| 1st person | kompeeni | kompeemme |
| 2nd person | kompeesi | kompeenne |
| 3rd person | kompeensa | |
| Inflection of komme (Kotus type 48/hame, mpp-mm gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | komme | komppeet | |
| genitive | komppeen | komppeiden komppeitten | |
| partitive | kommetta | komppeita | |
| illative | komppeeseen | komppeisiin komppeihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | komme | komppeet | |
| accusative | nom. | komme | komppeet |
| gen. | komppeen | ||
| genitive | komppeen | komppeiden komppeitten | |
| partitive | kommetta | komppeita | |
| inessive | komppeessa | komppeissa | |
| elative | komppeesta | komppeista | |
| illative | komppeeseen | komppeisiin komppeihin | |
| adessive | komppeella | komppeilla | |
| ablative | komppeelta | komppeilta | |
| allative | komppeelle | komppeille | |
| essive | komppeena | komppeina | |
| translative | komppeeksi | komppeiksi | |
| instructive | — | komppein | |
| abessive | komppeetta | komppeitta | |
| comitative | — | komppeineen | |
| Possessive forms of komme (type hame) | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | singular | plural |
| 1st person | komppeeni | komppeemme |
| 2nd person | komppeesi | komppeenne |
| 3rd person | komppeensa | |
German
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Verb
komme
- inflection of kommen:
- first-person singular present
- first/third-person singular subjunctive I
- singular imperative
Hunsrik
Etymology
From Middle High German komen, kumen, from Old High German kweman (rarer cuman, chuman), from Proto-West Germanic *kweman, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷémt.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkʰɔmə/
Verb
komme
- to come
- Ich komme fun de Fabrick.
- I'm coming from the factory.
- De Dod kommd fer ihn.
- Death is coming to him.
Inflection
| Irregular with past tense and conditional mood | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | komme | |||
| participle | komm | |||
| auxiliary | sin | |||
| present indicative | past indicative | conditional | imperative | |
| ich | komme | kaamd | käämd | — |
| du | kommst | kaamst | käämst | komm |
| er/sie/es | kommd | kaamd | käämd | — |
| meer | komme | kaamde | käämde | — |
| deer | kommd | kaamd | käämd | kommd |
| sie | komme | kaamde | käämde | — |
| The use of the present participle is uncommon, but can be made with the suffix -end. | ||||
Derived terms
- Komme
- loskomme
- umkomme
- zurickkomme
Further reading
- Online Hunsrik Dictionary
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Old Norse koma.
Verb
komme (imperative kom, present tense kommer, simple past kom, past participle kommet, present participle kommende)
- to come
- to ejaculate (vulgar)
Derived terms
|
|
|
References
- “komme” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Verb
komme (present tense kjem, past tense kom, past participle komme, passive infinitive kommast, present participle kommande, imperative kom)
- Alternative form of koma
Derived terms
- kjærkommen
West Frisian
Etymology
From Old Frisian koma, from Proto-West Germanic *kweman, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷem-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkomə/
Verb
komme
- to come
Inflection
| Strong class 4 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | komme | |||
| 3rd singular past | kaam | |||
| past participle | kommen | |||
| infinitive | komme | |||
| long infinitive | kommen | |||
| gerund | kommen n | |||
| auxiliary | hawwe | |||
| indicative | present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st singular | kom | kaam | ||
| 2nd singular | komst | kaamst | ||
| 3rd singular | komt | kaam | ||
| plural | komme | kamen | ||
| imperative | kom | |||
| participles | kommend | kommen | ||
- (variant past participle) komd, kaam
Further reading
- “komme”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011