-kki
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *-kkei, cognate with Estonian -k(i), Erzya -ке (-ke). Equivalent to -kka + -i, and originally allomorphic with some uses of -kko (see -o).
Suffix
-kki
- Creates action nouns from verbs.
- levikki (“circulation of a newspaper”), from levitä (“to spread”)
- menekki (“sales, demand”), from mennä (kaupaksi) (“to sell”)
- hävikki (“loss (accounting)”), from hävitä (“to disappear. lose”)
- Creates diminutive nouns from verb that indicate the object of an action.
- ajokki (“vehicle”), from ajaa (“to drive”)
- hoidokki (“patient”), from hoitaa (“to care”)
- lemmikki (“pet”), from lempiä (“to love”)
- Creates nouns that indicate similarity, allegory or diminutiveness. The relationship is sometimes obscure.
- valokki, from valo (“light”)
- hanhikki, from hanhi (“goose”)
- punikki (“socialist (derogatory)”), from punainen (“red”)
- seitikki (“webcap”), from seitti (“gossamer, fine thread”)
- tyräkki
- Creates female given names, especially for cows.
- Ainokki, from ainoa (“only”)
- Mielikki, from mieliä (“to desire”)
- Mustikki, from musta (“black”)
- Sarvikki, from sarvi (“horn”)
- Tuulikki, from tuuli (“wind”)
Usage notes
In some cases the usage is largely synonymous with -kko. As an example, the noun asukki (“inhabitant, often unwanted or temporary one”) from the verb asua (“to live in”) might as well be asukko.
Derived terms
Finnish terms suffixed with -kki
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *-kkei. Cognates include Finnish -kki and Estonian -k.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /-kːi/, [-kːi]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /-kːi/, [-kːi]
Suffix
-kki
- Used to form nouns from verbs denoting an object of the action.
- söövvä (“eat”) + -kki → söökki (“nutrition”)
Declension
| Declension of -kki (type 5/vahti, kk-k gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -kki | -kit |
| genitive | -kin | -kkiin, -kkilöin |
| partitive | -kkiä | -kkijä, -kkilöjä |
| illative | -kkii | -kkii, -kkilöihe |
| inessive | -kis | -kkiis, -kkilöis |
| elative | -kist | -kkiist, -kkilöist |
| allative | -kille | -kkiille, -kkilöille |
| adessive | -kil | -kkiil, -kkilöil |
| ablative | -kilt | -kkiilt, -kkilöilt |
| translative | -kiks | -kkiiks, -kkilöiks |
| essive | -kkinnä, -kkiin | -kkiinnä, -kkilöinnä, -kkiin, -kkilöin |
| exessive1) | -kkint | -kkiint, -kkilöint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Derived terms
Ingrian terms suffixed with -kki
Sidamo
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /-kːi/
Determiner
-kki
- thy, your
See also
Sidamo possessive clitics
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person m | 3rd person f | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | -ʼya | -kki | -si | -se |
| Plural | -nke | -ʼne | -nsa | |
References
- Kazuhiro Kawachi (2007) A grammar of Sidaama (Sidamo), a Cushitic language of Ethiopia, page 383