kjósa
Faroese
Etymology
From Old Norse kjósa, from Proto-Germanic *keusaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʃʰɔuːsa/
- Rhymes: -ɔuːsa
Verb
kjósa (third person singular past indicative keys, third person plural past indicative kusu, supine kosið)
- to choose
Conjugation
Conjugation of kjósa
| v-39s | ||||
| infinitive | kjósa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | kjósandi | |||
| past participle a27 | kosin | |||
| supine | kosið | |||
| number | singular | plural | ||
| person | first | second | third | all |
| indicative | eg | tú | hann/hon/tað | vit, tit, teir/tær/tey, tygum |
| present | kjósi | kýsur | kýsur | kjósa |
| past | keys | keyst | keys | kusu |
| imperative | – | tú | – | tit |
| present | — | kjós! | — | kjósið! |
Synonyms
- kjøra
- greiða atkvøðu
- velja
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse kjósa, from Proto-Germanic *keusaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈcʰouːsa/
- Rhymes: -ouːsa
Verb
kjósa (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative kaus, third-person plural past indicative kusu, supine kosið)
- to vote
- (with accusative, transitive) to vote for somebody
- Ég kaus þann sem tapaði.
- I voted for the one who lost.
- to elect
- to choose, to select
- to prefer
Conjugation
Note: Remnants of earlier forms still exist: past kjöri (occasional modern use), past plural kuru or kjöru (now obsolete), past participle kjörinn (fairly common).
kjósa — active voice (germynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) | að kjósa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) | kosið | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) | kjósandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) | subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) | ég kýs | við kjósum | present (nútíð) | ég kjósi | við kjósum |
| þú kýst | þið kjósið | þú kjósir | þið kjósið | ||
| hann, hún, það kýs | þeir, þær, þau kjósa | hann, hún, það kjósi | þeir, þær, þau kjósi | ||
| past (þátíð) | ég kaus | við kusum | past (þátíð) | ég kysi | við kysum |
| þú kaust | þið kusuð | þú kysir | þið kysuð | ||
| hann, hún, það kaus | þeir, þær, þau kusu | hann, hún, það kysi | þeir, þær, þau kysu | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) | kjós (þú) | kjósið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| kjóstu | kjósiði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
kjósast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) | að kjósast | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) | kosist | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) | kjósandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) | subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) | ég kýst | við kjósumst | present (nútíð) | ég kjósist | við kjósumst |
| þú kýst | þið kjósist | þú kjósist | þið kjósist | ||
| hann, hún, það kýst | þeir, þær, þau kjósast | hann, hún, það kjósist | þeir, þær, þau kjósist | ||
| past (þátíð) | ég kaust | við kusumst | past (þátíð) | ég kysist | við kysumst |
| þú kaust | þið kusust | þú kysist | þið kysust | ||
| hann, hún, það kaust | þeir, þær, þau kusust | hann, hún, það kysist | þeir, þær, þau kysust | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) | kjóst (þú) | kjósist (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| kjóstu | kjósisti * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
kosinn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
| strong declension (sterk beyging) | singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) | kosinn | kosin | kosið | kosnir | kosnar | kosin | |
| accusative (þolfall) | kosinn | kosna | kosið | kosna | kosnar | kosin | |
| dative (þágufall) | kosnum | kosinni | kosnu | kosnum | kosnum | kosnum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) | kosins | kosinnar | kosins | kosinna | kosinna | kosinna | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) | singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) | kosni | kosna | kosna | kosnu | kosnu | kosnu | |
| accusative (þolfall) | kosna | kosnu | kosna | kosnu | kosnu | kosnu | |
| dative (þágufall) | kosna | kosnu | kosna | kosnu | kosnu | kosnu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) | kosna | kosnu | kosna | kosnu | kosnu | kosnu | |
Synonyms
- (vote): greiða atkvæði
- (select): velja
Derived terms
- kjör
- kosning
- valkyrja, “slain-chooser”, valkyrie
Old Norse
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *keusaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews-. Compare Old English ċēosan (English choose), Old Frisian kiāsa (West Frisian kieze), Old Saxon kiosan (Low German kesen), Dutch kiezen, Old High German kiosan, chiosan (German kiesen), Gothic 𐌺𐌹𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽 (kiusan).
Verb
kjósa
- (transitive) to choose
- to desire, wish
- to elect
- kjósa biskup
- to elect a bishop
- (with prepositions) to select
Conjugation
Alternatively, in the Old Icelandic dialect, this verb can receive a weak inflection pattern in its past tenses. See also frjósa for this.
Conjugation of kjósa — active (strong class 2)
| infinitive | kjósa | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | kjósandi | |
| past participle | kosinn | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | kýs | kaus |
| 2nd-person singular | kýss | kaust |
| 3rd-person singular | kýss | kaus |
| 1st-person plural | kjósum | kusum |
| 2nd-person plural | kjósið | kusuð |
| 3rd-person plural | kjósa | kusu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | kjósa | kysa |
| 2nd-person singular | kjósir | kysir |
| 3rd-person singular | kjósi | kysi |
| 1st-person plural | kjósim | kysim |
| 2nd-person plural | kjósið | kysið |
| 3rd-person plural | kjósi | kysi |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | kjós | |
| 1st-person plural | kjósum | |
| 2nd-person plural | kjósið | |
Conjugation of kjósa — mediopassive (strong class 2)
| infinitive | kjósask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | kjósandisk | |
| past participle | kosizk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | kjósumk | kusumk |
| 2nd-person singular | kjósk | kausk |
| 3rd-person singular | kjósk | kausk |
| 1st-person plural | kjósumsk | kusumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | kjósizk | kusuzk |
| 3rd-person plural | kjósask | kususk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | kjósumk | kysumk |
| 2nd-person singular | kjósisk | kysisk |
| 3rd-person singular | kjósisk | kysisk |
| 1st-person plural | kjósimsk | kysimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | kjósizk | kysizk |
| 3rd-person plural | kjósisk | kysisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | kjósk | |
| 1st-person plural | kjósumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | kjósizk | |
Conjugation of kjósa — active (strong class 2, weak inflection in past tense)
| infinitive | kjósa | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | kjósandi | |
| past participle | kørinn | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | kýs | køra |
| 2nd-person singular | kýss | kørir |
| 3rd-person singular | kýss | køri |
| 1st-person plural | kjósum | kørum |
| 2nd-person plural | kjósið | køruð |
| 3rd-person plural | kjósa | køru |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | kjósa | køra |
| 2nd-person singular | kjósir | kørir |
| 3rd-person singular | kjósir | køri |
| 1st-person plural | kjósim | kørim |
| 2nd-person plural | kjósið | kørið |
| 3rd-person plural | kjósi | køri |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | kjós | |
| 1st-person plural | kjósum | |
| 2nd-person plural | kjósið | |
Conjugation of kjósa — mediopassive (strong class 2, weak inflection in past tense)
| infinitive | kjósask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | kjósandisk | |
| past participle | kørizk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | kjósumk | kørumk |
| 2nd-person singular | kýsk | kørisk |
| 3rd-person singular | kýsk | kørisk |
| 1st-person plural | kjósumsk | kørumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | kjósizk | køruzk |
| 3rd-person plural | kjósask | kørusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | kjósumk | kørumk |
| 2nd-person singular | kjósisk | kørisk |
| 3rd-person singular | kjósisk | kørisk |
| 1st-person plural | kjósimsk | kørimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | kjósizk | kørizk |
| 3rd-person plural | kjósisk | kørisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | kjósk | |
| 1st-person plural | kjósumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | kjósizk | |
Related terms
- kjǫr n, kør n (“choice, decision, election”)
Descendants
- Icelandic: kjósa
- Faroese: kjósa
- Norwegian Nynorsk: kjosa, kjose
- Old Swedish: kiūsa
- Swedish: tjusa
- Danish: kyse
References
- kjósa in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press