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单词 kitten
释义

kitten

See also: Kitten

English

A kitten.

Etymology

From Middle English kitoun, kytton, kyton, keton (“kitten”). Seemingly from, and usually explained as being from, unattested Anglo-Norman *kitoun, *ketun (compare Old French chitoun, cheton, chaton (“kitten”), diminutive of cat, chat (“cat”)); whence Modern French chaton (“kitten”).

Similar words of Germanic origin may have reinforced this word; compare English kitling (“kit, kitten”), Low German Kitten (“kitten”), Icelandic kettlingur (“kitten”), Middle English chitte ("whelp, pup", see chit).

The idea that kitoun, rather than being of Anglo-Norman origin, was in fact a purely Germanic derivation from one of these words is etymologically problematic, but cannot be definitively ruled out.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkɪtən/
  • Audio (RP)(file)
  • Audio (GA)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɪtən
  • Hyphenation: kit‧ten

Noun

kitten (plural kittens)

  1. A young cat, especially before sexual maturity (reached at about seven months).
    • 1752 January, The London Magazine, and Monthly Chronologer, pages 243 and 244.
      It was supposed to have happened thus: the cat had young kittens, and frequently carried them mice, and other animals its prey, and among the rest a young rat: the kittens, not being hungry, played with it, and when the cat came to give suck to the kittens, the rat likewise sucked her.
    • 1844, , The Kitten, publ. by the Religious Tract Society, pages 1 and 2.
      To the sounds, however, I paid no attention at first as I was much interested in the subject upon which I was writing; but at length my som Richard burst into my study, exclaiming that the kitten had climbed up to the top of a young ash tree, and could not get down again.
    • 2011 December 14, Steven Morris, “Devon woman jailed for 168 days for killing kitten in microwave”, in Guardian‎:
      Jailing her on Wednesday, magistrate Liz Clyne told Robins: "You have shown little remorse either for the death of the kitten or the trauma to your former friend Sarah Knutton." She was also banned from keeping animals for 10 years.
  2. A young rabbit, rat, hedgehog, squirrel, fox, beaver, badger, etc.
    • 1906, Joseph Henry Taylor, Beavers, Their Ways, and Other Sketches, page 49.
      The first move at beaver raising in North Dakota had its starting in the fall of 1874, when a kitten beaver was taken out of Mandan Lake by the writer and given to a little Indian girl who then lived with her guardians at Pretty Point near the present village of Sanger, Oliver county.
    • 2009, Kathryn Walker, See How Rabbits Grow, publ. by PowerKiDS press (The Rosen Publishing Group Inc.), page 10.
      Rabbit babies are called kittens or kits. The mother prepares a cosy nest for her kittens.
  3. A moth of the genus Furcula.
    • 1959, Odonata reprints: J. G. Needham collection, vol. 3, page 657.
      Two of these formed cocoons in a manner I have not seen before. They were supplied when full-grown with plenty of rotten willow wood, which I have always found a most suitable material for insects using bark or old wood in forming cocoons such as the kittens, Apatele alni, etc., and most made the usual cycle of cocoons on it.
  4. (colloquial) A term of endearment, especially for a woman.
    • 1995, Duckman, "America the Beautiful" (season 2, episode 5):
      Speak only when spoken to, kitten.

Synonyms

  • (young cat): catling (archaic), kit, kitling (archaic), kitty, kitty cat

Derived terms

  • have kittens
  • kit
  • kitten heel
  • kittenish
  • kitty
  • sex kitten

Translations

Verb

kitten (third-person singular simple present kittens, present participle kittening, simple past and past participle kittened)

  1. To give birth to kittens.
    • 2003, Cora Linn Daniels, C. M. Stevans, Encyclopedia of Superstitions, Folklore, and the Occult Sciences of the World:
      A cat about to kitten, must not be spoken of by its name, but called a witch. (Madagascar.)
    • 2016, Kerry Greenwood, Murder and Mendelssohn, Sydney: Allen and Unwin, page 319:
      'Princess the Lady Regina of Alphington is about to kitten. I must be there to support her.'

Further reading

  • kitten on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
  • Kittens on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

Anagrams

  • tektin

Dutch

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English kitten.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkɪtən/
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: kit‧ten
  • Rhymes: -ɪtən

Noun

kitten m (plural kittens, diminutive kittentje n)

  1. a young cat; kitten
    • 2015, Joubert Pignon, "Kittens", in Paul van der Steen (ed.), Negenenhalf leven. Nieuwe en klassieke kattenverhalen, Xander Uitgevers B.V. (publ.).
      Telkens wanneer we in een huis kwamen wonen, zei ik tegen mijn vriendin dat dit geen huis voor kittens was, maar dat we ooit een huis zouden hebben dat geschikt is voor kittens. Ik hoopte dat we nooit in een huis zouden wonen dat geschikt is voor kittens.
      Each time when we began living in a house, I told my girlfriend that this was not a house for kittens, but that we would have a house one day that is appropriate for kittens. I hoped that we would never live in a house that is appropriate for kittens.
Synonyms
  • (young cat): kattenjong
Derived terms
  • ritten

Etymology 2

From kit (“sealant”) +‎ -en.

Verb

kitten

  1. (transitive) to apply sealant to
    • 1996, dr. A.M. Soeterboek & drs. L.F. Stapper, Het geneesmiddel en zijn toepassing, Bohn Stafleu van Loghum (publ., 9th ed.), page 21.
      Granulaten zijn poeders die tot kleine brokjes aan elkaar gekit zijn.
      Granulates are powders that have been adjoined to one another with sealant.
Inflection
Inflection of kitten (weak)
infinitivekitten
past singularkitte
past participlegekit
infinitivekitten
gerundkitten n
present tensepast tense
1st person singularkitkitte
2nd person sing. (jij)kitkitte
2nd person sing. (u)kitkitte
2nd person sing. (gij)kitkitte
3rd person singularkitkitte
pluralkittenkitten
subjunctive sing.1kittekitte
subjunctive plur.1kittenkitten
imperative sing.kit
imperative plur.1kit
participleskittendgekit
1) Archaic.
Derived terms
  • afkitten
  • dichtkitten

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

kitten

  1. Plural form of kit

German

Etymology

Kitt +‎ -en

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈkɪtn̩]
  • Hyphenation: kit‧ten
  • Audio(file)

Verb

kitten (weak, third-person singular present kittet, past tense kittete, past participle gekittet, auxiliary haben)

  1. to putty, to cement

Conjugation

Conjugation of kitten (weak, auxiliary haben)
infinitivekitten
present participlekittend
past participlegekittet
auxiliaryhaben
indicativesubjunctive
presentich kittewir kitteniich kittewir kitten
du kittestihr kittetdu kittestihr kittet
er kittetsie kittener kittesie kitten
preteriteich kittetewir kitteteniiich kittete1wir kitteten1
du kittetestihr kittetetdu kittetest1ihr kittetet1
er kittetesie kittetener kittete1sie kitteten1
imperativekitt (du)
kitte (du)		kittet (ihr)

1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.

Composed forms of kitten (weak, auxiliary haben)
perfect
indicativeich habe gekittetwir haben gekittetsubjunctiveich habe gekittetwir haben gekittet
du hast gekittetihr habt gekittetdu habest gekittetihr habet gekittet
er hat gekittetsie haben gekitteter habe gekittetsie haben gekittet
pluperfect
indicativeich hatte gekittetwir hatten gekittetsubjunctiveich hätte gekittetwir hätten gekittet
du hattest gekittetihr hattet gekittetdu hättest gekittetihr hättet gekittet
er hatte gekittetsie hatten gekitteter hätte gekittetsie hätten gekittet
future i
infinitivekitten werdensubjunctive iich werdekittenwir werdenkitten
du werdestkittenihr werdetkitten
er werdekittensie werdenkitten
indicativeich werdekittenwir werdenkittensubjunctive iiich würdekittenwir würdenkitten
du wirstkittenihr werdetkittendu würdestkittenihr würdetkitten
er wirdkittensie werdenkittener würdekittensie würdenkitten
future ii
infinitivegekittet haben werdensubjunctive iich werde gekittet habenwir werden gekittet haben
du werdest gekittet habenihr werdet gekittet haben
er werde gekittet habensie werden gekittet haben
indicativeich werde gekittet habenwir werden gekittet habensubjunctive iiich würde gekittet habenwir würden gekittet haben
du wirst gekittet habenihr werdet gekittet habendu würdest gekittet habenihr würdet gekittet haben
er wird gekittet habensie werden gekittet habener würde gekittet habensie würden gekittet haben

Further reading

  • “kitten” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
  • “kitten” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
  • “kitten” in Duden online
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