khuphula

Zulu

Etymology

From the ideophone khuphu.

Verb

-khuphula

(transitive) to elevate, to raise, to lift, to hoist
(transitive) to promote

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukukhuphula
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukukhuphula	ukungakhuphuli
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	khuphula	-khuphule
Plural	khuphulani	-khuphuleni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyakhuphula, ngikhuphula	engikhuphulayo, engikhuphula	ngikhuphula	angikhuphuli	engingakhuphuli	ngingakhuphuli
2nd singular	uyakhuphula, ukhuphula	okhuphulayo, okhuphula	ukhuphula	awukhuphuli	ongakhuphuli	ungakhuphuli
1st plural	siyakhuphula, sikhuphula	esikhuphulayo, esikhuphula	sikhuphula	asikhuphuli	esingakhuphuli	singakhuphuli
2nd plural	niyakhuphula, nikhuphula	enikhuphulayo, enikhuphula	nikhuphula	anikhuphuli	eningakhuphuli	ningakhuphuli
Class 1	uyakhuphula, ukhuphula	okhuphulayo, okhuphula	ekhuphula	akakhuphuli	ongakhuphuli	engakhuphuli
Class 2	bayakhuphula, bakhuphula	abakhuphulayo, abakhuphula	bekhuphula	abakhuphuli	abangakhuphuli	bengakhuphuli
Class 3	uyakhuphula, ukhuphula	okhuphulayo, okhuphula	ukhuphula	awukhuphuli	ongakhuphuli	ungakhuphuli
Class 4	iyakhuphula, ikhuphula	ekhuphulayo, ekhuphula	ikhuphula	ayikhuphuli	engakhuphuli	ingakhuphuli
Class 5	liyakhuphula, likhuphula	elikhuphulayo, elikhuphula	likhuphula	alikhuphuli	elingakhuphuli	lingakhuphuli
Class 6	ayakhuphula, akhuphula	akhuphulayo, akhuphula	ekhuphula	awakhuphuli	angakhuphuli	engakhuphuli
Class 7	siyakhuphula, sikhuphula	esikhuphulayo, esikhuphula	sikhuphula	asikhuphuli	esingakhuphuli	singakhuphuli
Class 8	ziyakhuphula, zikhuphula	ezikhuphulayo, ezikhuphula	zikhuphula	azikhuphuli	ezingakhuphuli	zingakhuphuli
Class 9	iyakhuphula, ikhuphula	ekhuphulayo, ekhuphula	ikhuphula	ayikhuphuli	engakhuphuli	ingakhuphuli
Class 10	ziyakhuphula, zikhuphula	ezikhuphulayo, ezikhuphula	zikhuphula	azikhuphuli	ezingakhuphuli	zingakhuphuli
Class 11	luyakhuphula, lukhuphula	olukhuphulayo, olukhuphula	lukhuphula	alukhuphuli	olungakhuphuli	lungakhuphuli
Class 14	buyakhuphula, bukhuphula	obukhuphulayo, obukhuphula	bukhuphula	abukhuphuli	obungakhuphuli	bungakhuphuli
Class 15	kuyakhuphula, kukhuphula	okukhuphulayo, okukhuphula	kukhuphula	akukhuphuli	okungakhuphuli	kungakhuphuli
Class 17	kuyakhuphula, kukhuphula	okukhuphulayo, okukhuphula	kukhuphula	akukhuphuli	okungakhuphuli	kungakhuphuli
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngikhuphulile, ngikhuphulē	engikhuphulile, engikhuphulē	ngikhuphulile, ngikhuphulē	angikhuphulanga	engingakhuphulanga	ngingakhuphulanga
2nd singular	ukhuphulile, ukhuphulē	okhuphulile, okhuphulē	ukhuphulile, ukhuphulē	awukhuphulanga	ongakhuphulanga	ungakhuphulanga
1st plural	sikhuphulile, sikhuphulē	esikhuphulile, esikhuphulē	sikhuphulile, sikhuphulē	asikhuphulanga	esingakhuphulanga	singakhuphulanga
2nd plural	nikhuphulile, nikhuphulē	enikhuphulile, enikhuphulē	nikhuphulile, nikhuphulē	anikhuphulanga	eningakhuphulanga	ningakhuphulanga
Class 1	ukhuphulile, ukhuphulē	okhuphulile, okhuphulē	ekhuphulile, ekhuphulē	akakhuphulanga	ongakhuphulanga	engakhuphulanga
Class 2	bakhuphulile, bakhuphulē	abakhuphulile, abakhuphulē	bekhuphulile, bekhuphulē	abakhuphulanga	abangakhuphulanga	bengakhuphulanga
Class 3	ukhuphulile, ukhuphulē	okhuphulile, okhuphulē	ukhuphulile, ukhuphulē	awukhuphulanga	ongakhuphulanga	ungakhuphulanga
Class 4	ikhuphulile, ikhuphulē	ekhuphulile, ekhuphulē	ikhuphulile, ikhuphulē	ayikhuphulanga	engakhuphulanga	ingakhuphulanga
Class 5	likhuphulile, likhuphulē	elikhuphulile, elikhuphulē	likhuphulile, likhuphulē	alikhuphulanga	elingakhuphulanga	lingakhuphulanga
Class 6	akhuphulile, akhuphulē	akhuphulile, akhuphulē	ekhuphulile, ekhuphulē	awakhuphulanga	angakhuphulanga	engakhuphulanga
Class 7	sikhuphulile, sikhuphulē	esikhuphulile, esikhuphulē	sikhuphulile, sikhuphulē	asikhuphulanga	esingakhuphulanga	singakhuphulanga
Class 8	zikhuphulile, zikhuphulē	ezikhuphulile, ezikhuphulē	zikhuphulile, zikhuphulē	azikhuphulanga	ezingakhuphulanga	zingakhuphulanga
Class 9	ikhuphulile, ikhuphulē	ekhuphulile, ekhuphulē	ikhuphulile, ikhuphulē	ayikhuphulanga	engakhuphulanga	ingakhuphulanga
Class 10	zikhuphulile, zikhuphulē	ezikhuphulile, ezikhuphulē	zikhuphulile, zikhuphulē	azikhuphulanga	ezingakhuphulanga	zingakhuphulanga
Class 11	lukhuphulile, lukhuphulē	olukhuphulile, olukhuphulē	lukhuphulile, lukhuphulē	alukhuphulanga	olungakhuphulanga	lungakhuphulanga
Class 14	bukhuphulile, bukhuphulē	obukhuphulile, obukhuphulē	bukhuphulile, bukhuphulē	abukhuphulanga	obungakhuphulanga	bungakhuphulanga
Class 15	kukhuphulile, kukhuphulē	okukhuphulile, okukhuphulē	kukhuphulile, kukhuphulē	akukhuphulanga	okungakhuphulanga	kungakhuphulanga
Class 17	kukhuphulile, kukhuphulē	okukhuphulile, okukhuphulē	kukhuphulile, kukhuphulē	akukhuphulanga	okungakhuphulanga	kungakhuphulanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngākhuphula	engākhuphula	ngākhuphula	angikhuphulanga	engingakhuphulanga	ngingakhuphulanga
2nd singular	wākhuphula	owākhuphula	wākhuphula	awukhuphulanga	ongakhuphulanga	ungakhuphulanga
1st plural	sākhuphula	esākhuphula	sākhuphula	asikhuphulanga	esingakhuphulanga	singakhuphulanga
2nd plural	nākhuphula	enākhuphula	nākhuphula	anikhuphulanga	eningakhuphulanga	ningakhuphulanga
Class 1	wākhuphula	owākhuphula	ākhuphula	akakhuphulanga	ongakhuphulanga	engakhuphulanga
Class 2	bākhuphula	abākhuphula	bākhuphula	abakhuphulanga	abangakhuphulanga	bengakhuphulanga
Class 3	wākhuphula	owākhuphula	wākhuphula	awukhuphulanga	ongakhuphulanga	ungakhuphulanga
Class 4	yākhuphula	eyākhuphula	yākhuphula	ayikhuphulanga	engakhuphulanga	ingakhuphulanga
Class 5	lākhuphula	elākhuphula	lākhuphula	alikhuphulanga	elingakhuphulanga	lingakhuphulanga
Class 6	ākhuphula	ākhuphula	ākhuphula	awakhuphulanga	angakhuphulanga	engakhuphulanga
Class 7	sākhuphula	esākhuphula	sākhuphula	asikhuphulanga	esingakhuphulanga	singakhuphulanga
Class 8	zākhuphula	ezākhuphula	zākhuphula	azikhuphulanga	ezingakhuphulanga	zingakhuphulanga
Class 9	yākhuphula	eyākhuphula	yākhuphula	ayikhuphulanga	engakhuphulanga	ingakhuphulanga
Class 10	zākhuphula	ezākhuphula	zākhuphula	azikhuphulanga	ezingakhuphulanga	zingakhuphulanga
Class 11	lwākhuphula	olwākhuphula	lwākhuphula	alukhuphulanga	olungakhuphulanga	lungakhuphulanga
Class 14	bākhuphula	obākhuphula	bākhuphula	abukhuphulanga	obungakhuphulanga	bungakhuphulanga
Class 15	kwākhuphula	okwākhuphula	kwākhuphula	akukhuphulanga	okungakhuphulanga	kungakhuphulanga
Class 17	kwākhuphula	okwākhuphula	kwākhuphula	akukhuphulanga	okungakhuphulanga	kungakhuphulanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingakhuphula	—	ngingakhuphula	ngingekhuphule	—	ngingekhuphule
2nd singular	ungakhuphula	—	ungakhuphula	ungekhuphule	—	ungekhuphule
1st plural	singakhuphula	—	singakhuphula	singekhuphule	—	singekhuphule
2nd plural	ningakhuphula	—	ningakhuphula	ningekhuphule	—	ningekhuphule
Class 1	angakhuphula	—	engakhuphula	angekhuphule	—	engekhuphule
Class 2	bangakhuphula	—	bengakhuphula	bangekhuphule	—	bengekhuphule
Class 3	ungakhuphula	—	ungakhuphula	ungekhuphule	—	ungekhuphule
Class 4	ingakhuphula	—	ingakhuphula	ingekhuphule	—	ingekhuphule
Class 5	lingakhuphula	—	lingakhuphula	lingekhuphule	—	lingekhuphule
Class 6	angakhuphula	—	engakhuphula	angekhuphule	—	engekhuphule
Class 7	singakhuphula	—	singakhuphula	singekhuphule	—	singekhuphule
Class 8	zingakhuphula	—	zingakhuphula	zingekhuphule	—	zingekhuphule
Class 9	ingakhuphula	—	ingakhuphula	ingekhuphule	—	ingekhuphule
Class 10	zingakhuphula	—	zingakhuphula	zingekhuphule	—	zingekhuphule
Class 11	lungakhuphula	—	lungakhuphula	lungekhuphule	—	lungekhuphule
Class 14	bungakhuphula	—	bungakhuphula	bungekhuphule	—	bungekhuphule
Class 15	kungakhuphula	—	kungakhuphula	kungekhuphule	—	kungekhuphule
Class 17	kungakhuphula	—	kungakhuphula	kungekhuphule	—	kungekhuphule
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizokhuphula	engizokhuphula	ngizokhuphula	angizukhuphula	engingezukhuphula	ngingezukhuphula
2nd singular	uzokhuphula	ozokhuphula	uzokhuphula	awuzukhuphula	ongezukhuphula	ungezukhuphula
1st plural	sizokhuphula	esizokhuphula	sizokhuphula	asizukhuphula	esingezukhuphula	singezukhuphula
2nd plural	nizokhuphula	enizokhuphula	nizokhuphula	anizukhuphula	eningezukhuphula	ningezukhuphula
Class 1	uzokhuphula	ozokhuphula	ezokhuphula	akazukhuphula	ongezukhuphula	engezukhuphula
Class 2	bazokhuphula	abazokhuphula	bezokhuphula	abazukhuphula	abangezukhuphula	bengezukhuphula
Class 3	uzokhuphula	ozokhuphula	uzokhuphula	awuzukhuphula	ongezukhuphula	ungezukhuphula
Class 4	izokhuphula	ezokhuphula	izokhuphula	ayizukhuphula	engezukhuphula	ingezukhuphula
Class 5	lizokhuphula	elizokhuphula	lizokhuphula	alizukhuphula	elingezukhuphula	lingezukhuphula
Class 6	azokhuphula	azokhuphula	ezokhuphula	awazukhuphula	angezukhuphula	engezukhuphula
Class 7	sizokhuphula	esizokhuphula	sizokhuphula	asizukhuphula	esingezukhuphula	singezukhuphula
Class 8	zizokhuphula	ezizokhuphula	zizokhuphula	azizukhuphula	ezingezukhuphula	zingezukhuphula
Class 9	izokhuphula	ezokhuphula	izokhuphula	ayizukhuphula	engezukhuphula	ingezukhuphula
Class 10	zizokhuphula	ezizokhuphula	zizokhuphula	azizukhuphula	ezingezukhuphula	zingezukhuphula
Class 11	luzokhuphula	oluzokhuphula	luzokhuphula	aluzukhuphula	olungezukhuphula	lungezukhuphula
Class 14	buzokhuphula	obuzokhuphula	buzokhuphula	abuzukhuphula	obungezukhuphula	bungezukhuphula
Class 15	kuzokhuphula	okuzokhuphula	kuzokhuphula	akuzukhuphula	okungezukhuphula	kungezukhuphula
Class 17	kuzokhuphula	okuzokhuphula	kuzokhuphula	akuzukhuphula	okungezukhuphula	kungezukhuphula
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokhuphula	engiyokhuphula	ngiyokhuphula	angiyukhuphula	engingeyukhuphula	ngingeyukhuphula
2nd singular	uyokhuphula	oyokhuphula	uyokhuphula	awuyukhuphula	ongeyukhuphula	ungeyukhuphula
1st plural	siyokhuphula	esiyokhuphula	siyokhuphula	asiyukhuphula	esingeyukhuphula	singeyukhuphula
2nd plural	niyokhuphula	eniyokhuphula	niyokhuphula	aniyukhuphula	eningeyukhuphula	ningeyukhuphula
Class 1	uyokhuphula	oyokhuphula	eyokhuphula	akayukhuphula	ongeyukhuphula	engeyukhuphula
Class 2	bayokhuphula	abayokhuphula	beyokhuphula	abayukhuphula	abangeyukhuphula	bengeyukhuphula
Class 3	uyokhuphula	oyokhuphula	uyokhuphula	awuyukhuphula	ongeyukhuphula	ungeyukhuphula
Class 4	iyokhuphula	eyokhuphula	iyokhuphula	ayiyukhuphula	engeyukhuphula	ingeyukhuphula
Class 5	liyokhuphula	eliyokhuphula	liyokhuphula	aliyukhuphula	elingeyukhuphula	lingeyukhuphula
Class 6	ayokhuphula	ayokhuphula	eyokhuphula	awayukhuphula	angeyukhuphula	engeyukhuphula
Class 7	siyokhuphula	esiyokhuphula	siyokhuphula	asiyukhuphula	esingeyukhuphula	singeyukhuphula
Class 8	ziyokhuphula	eziyokhuphula	ziyokhuphula	aziyukhuphula	ezingeyukhuphula	zingeyukhuphula
Class 9	iyokhuphula	eyokhuphula	iyokhuphula	ayiyukhuphula	engeyukhuphula	ingeyukhuphula
Class 10	ziyokhuphula	eziyokhuphula	ziyokhuphula	aziyukhuphula	ezingeyukhuphula	zingeyukhuphula
Class 11	luyokhuphula	oluyokhuphula	luyokhuphula	aluyukhuphula	olungeyukhuphula	lungeyukhuphula
Class 14	buyokhuphula	obuyokhuphula	buyokhuphula	abuyukhuphula	obungeyukhuphula	bungeyukhuphula
Class 15	kuyokhuphula	okuyokhuphula	kuyokhuphula	akuyukhuphula	okungeyukhuphula	kungeyukhuphula
Class 17	kuyokhuphula	okuyokhuphula	kuyokhuphula	akuyukhuphula	okungeyukhuphula	kungeyukhuphula
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngikhuphule	ngingakhuphuli
2nd singular	ukhuphule	ungakhuphuli
1st plural	sikhuphule	singakhuphuli
2nd plural	nikhuphule	ningakhuphuli
Class 1	akhuphule	angakhuphuli
Class 2	bakhuphule	bangakhuphuli
Class 3	ukhuphule	ungakhuphuli
Class 4	ikhuphule	ingakhuphuli
Class 5	likhuphule	lingakhuphuli
Class 6	akhuphule	angakhuphuli
Class 7	sikhuphule	singakhuphuli
Class 8	zikhuphule	zingakhuphuli
Class 9	ikhuphule	ingakhuphuli
Class 10	zikhuphule	zingakhuphuli
Class 11	lukhuphule	lungakhuphuli
Class 14	bukhuphule	bungakhuphuli
Class 15	kukhuphule	kungakhuphuli
Class 17	kukhuphule	kungakhuphuli
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngakhuphula	ngangakhuphula, angakhuphula, angangakhuphula
2nd singular	wakhuphula	wangakhuphula, awakhuphula, awangakhuphula
1st plural	sakhuphula	sangakhuphula, asakhuphula, asangakhuphula
2nd plural	nakhuphula	nangakhuphula, anakhuphula, anangakhuphula
Class 1	wakhuphula	wangakhuphula, akakhuphula, akangakhuphula
Class 2	bakhuphula	bangakhuphula, abakhuphula, abangakhuphula
Class 3	wakhuphula	wangakhuphula, awakhuphula, awangakhuphula
Class 4	yakhuphula	yangakhuphula, ayakhuphula, ayangakhuphula
Class 5	lakhuphula	langakhuphula, alakhuphula, alangakhuphula
Class 6	akhuphula	angakhuphula, awakhuphula, awangakhuphula
Class 7	sakhuphula	sangakhuphula, asakhuphula, asangakhuphula
Class 8	zakhuphula	zangakhuphula, azakhuphula, azangakhuphula
Class 9	yakhuphula	yangakhuphula, ayakhuphula, ayangakhuphula
Class 10	zakhuphula	zangakhuphula, azakhuphula, azangakhuphula
Class 11	lwakhuphula	lwangakhuphula, alwakhuphula, alwangakhuphula
Class 14	bakhuphula	bangakhuphula, abakhuphula, abangakhuphula
Class 15	kwakhuphula	kwangakhuphula, akwakhuphula, akwangakhuphula
Class 17	kwakhuphula	kwangakhuphula, akwakhuphula, akwangakhuphula

References

C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972) , “khuphula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “khuphula (2.3.9)”