kaste
Afrikaans
Noun
kaste
- plural of kas
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkʰasd̥ə]
- Rhymes: -astə
Etymology 1
Via German Kaste from Portuguese casta (“bloodline, race, caste”), probably from the feminine of the adjective casto (“chaste”), from Latin castus.
Noun
kaste c (singular definite kasten, plural indefinite kaster)
- caste
Inflection
| common gender | Singular | Plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | kaste | kasten | kaster | kasterne |
| genitive | kastes | kastens | kasters | kasternes |
Etymology 2
From Old Danish kastæ, from Old Norse kasta, from Proto-Germanic *kastōną (“to throw, cast”), cognate with Norwegian kaste and Swedish kasta. English cast). is borrowed from Old Norse.
Verb
kaste (imperative kast, infinitive at kaste, present tense kaster, past tense kastede, perfect tense har kastet)
- to throw, to chuck
- Kaste en bold. ― Throw a ball.
- to drop
- Kaste en bombe (fra et fly). ― Drop a bomb (from an airplane).
- to cast
- Koen kastede sin kalv. ― The cow cast its calf.
Inflection
| present | past | |
|---|---|---|
| simple | kaster | kastede |
| perfect | har kastet | havde kastet |
| passive | kastes | kastedes |
| participle | kastende | kastet |
| imperative | kast | — |
| infinitive | kaste | — |
| auxiliary verb | have | — |
| gerund | kasten | — |
Related terms
- kaste anker
- kastebold
- kaste et blik på
- kaste masken
- kaste op
- kasteskyts
- kastevind
Dutch
Etymology
From Portuguese casta (“lineage, race”), from the feminine of casto (“pure, chaste”), from Latin castus (“pure, clean”). Cognate with Danish, Norwegian (see below), German Kaste, English caste, French caste etc.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑstə/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: kas‧te
- Rhymes: -ɑstə
Noun
kaste f (plural kasten, diminutive kastetje n)
- a caste, hereditary Indian socio-religious class (except the 'unclean' lowest) (depreciated in specialist usage)
- a similarly closed social class, especially if rather impenetrable -notably (de facto) hereditary-, as in Ancient Egypt or various tribal and feudal societies
- any closed, social and/or hierarchic group, such as a priesthood or a military corps
- (obsolete) national/ethnic group or character
Derived terms
- (by caste type) officierenkaste, priesterkaste m or f
- kastegeest m
- kastenregel m
- kastenstelsel n
- kasteverdeeling, kastenverdeeling
- kastenwezen n
Anagrams
- stake
Estonian
Etymology 1
From Proto-Finnic *kastek.
Noun
kaste (genitive kaste, partitive kastet)
- dew
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | kaste | kasted |
| accusative | kaste | kasted |
| genitive | kaste | kastete |
| partitive | kastet | kasteid |
| illative | kastesse | kastetesse kasteisse |
| inessive | kastes | kastetes kasteis |
| elative | kastest | kastetest kasteist |
| allative | kastele | kastetele kasteile |
| adessive | kastel | kastetel kasteil |
| ablative | kastelt | kastetelt kasteilt |
| translative | kasteks | kasteteks kasteiks |
| terminative | kasteni | kasteteni |
| essive | kastena | kastetena |
| abessive | kasteta | kasteteta |
| comitative | kastega | kastetega |
Derived terms
- kastehein
- kastekann
Etymology 2
From kastma + -e.
Noun
kaste (genitive kastme, partitive kastet)
- sauce
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | kaste | kastmed |
| accusative | kastme | kastmed |
| genitive | kastme | kastmete |
| partitive | kastet | kastmeid |
| illative | kastmesse | kastmetesse kastmeisse |
| inessive | kastmes | kastmetes kastmeis |
| elative | kastmest | kastmetest kastmeist |
| allative | kastmele | kastmetele kastmeile |
| adessive | kastmel | kastmetel kastmeil |
| ablative | kastmelt | kastmetelt kastmeilt |
| translative | kastmeks | kastmeteks kastmeiks |
| terminative | kastmeni | kastmeteni |
| essive | kastmena | kastmetena |
| abessive | kastmeta | kastmeteta |
| comitative | kastmega | kastmetega |
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kastek. Equivalent to kastaa + -e.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑsteˣ/, [ˈkɑs̠t̪e̞(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -ɑste
- Syllabification(key): kas‧te
Noun
kaste
- dew
- baptism, christening
Declension
| Inflection of kaste (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | kaste | kasteet | |
| genitive | kasteen | kasteiden kasteitten | |
| partitive | kastetta | kasteita | |
| illative | kasteeseen | kasteisiin kasteihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kaste | kasteet | |
| accusative | nom. | kaste | kasteet |
| gen. | kasteen | ||
| genitive | kasteen | kasteiden kasteitten | |
| partitive | kastetta | kasteita | |
| inessive | kasteessa | kasteissa | |
| elative | kasteesta | kasteista | |
| illative | kasteeseen | kasteisiin kasteihin | |
| adessive | kasteella | kasteilla | |
| ablative | kasteelta | kasteilta | |
| allative | kasteelle | kasteille | |
| essive | kasteena | kasteina | |
| translative | kasteeksi | kasteiksi | |
| instructive | — | kastein | |
| abessive | kasteetta | kasteitta | |
| comitative | — | kasteineen | |
| Possessive forms of kaste (type hame) | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | singular | plural |
| 1st person | kasteeni | kasteemme |
| 2nd person | kasteesi | kasteenne |
| 3rd person | kasteensa | |
Derived terms
- aikuiskaste
- kasteenraikas
- kastemalja
- kastemekko
- kastike
- upotuskaste
Anagrams
- katse, saket
Karelian
Noun
kaste
- dew
Latvian
Etymology
Related to Medieval Latin castō, from Proto-West Germanic *kastō (“box, case”).
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Noun
kaste f (5th declension)
- box
Declension
| singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (nominatīvs) | kaste | kastes |
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | kasti | kastes |
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | kastes | kastu |
| dative (datīvs) | kastei | kastēm |
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | kasti | kastēm |
| locative (lokatīvs) | kastē | kastēs |
| vocative (vokatīvs) | kaste | kastes |
Livvi
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kastek. Cognates include Finnish kaste and Estonian kaste.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑstʲe/
- Hyphenation: kas‧te
- Rhymes: -ɑstʲe
Noun
kaste (genitive kastien, partitive kastettu)
- dew
Declension
| Declension of kaste (Type 23/päre, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | kaste | kastiet |
| genitive | kastien | kastieloin |
| partitive | kastettu | kastieloi |
| illative | kastieh | kastieloih |
| inessive | kasties | kastielois |
| elative | kastiespäi | kastieloispäi |
| allative | kastiele | kastieloile |
| adessive | kastiel | kastieloil |
| ablative | kastielpäi | kastieloilpäi |
| translative | kastiekse | kastieloikse |
| essive | kastiennu | kastieloinnu |
| abessive | kastiettah | kastieloittah |
| comitative | kastienke | kastieloinke |
| instructive | kastieloin | |
| prolative | kastieči | |
References
- Tatjana Boiko (2019) Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 96
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology 1
From Portuguese casta (“lineage, race”), from the feminine of casto (“pure, chaste”), from Latin castus (“pure, clean”) (cognate with Dutch kastijden (“to chastise”), English chasten, French chaste etc.), cognate with Danish, Dutch (see above) etc.
Noun
kaste m (definite singular kasten, indefinite plural kaster, definite plural kastene)
- caste
Etymology 2
From Old Norse kasta (compare with Danish kaste, Faroese, Icelandic, Swedish kasta and English cast).
Verb
kaste (imperative kast, present tense kaster, passive kastes, simple past and past participle kasta or kastet, present participle kastende)
- (transitive) to throw
- (transitive) to dart
- to cast
- kaste skygge ― cast a shadow
Derived terms
|
|
|
Related terms
- kast
References
- “kaste” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Noun
kaste m (definite singular kasten, indefinite plural kastar, definite plural kastane)
- caste
Verb
kaste (present tense kastar, past tense kasta, past participle kasta, passive infinitive kastast, present participle kastande, imperative kaste/kast)
- Alternative form of kasta
Derived terms
- underkaste
Veps
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kastek.
Noun
kaste
- dew
Inflection
| Inflection of kaste (inflection type 36/kaste) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative sing. | kaste | ||
| genitive sing. | kastken | ||
| partitive sing. | kastet | ||
| partitive plur. | kastkid | ||
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kaste | kastked | |
| accusative | kastken | kastked | |
| genitive | kastken | kastkiden | |
| partitive | kastet | kastkid | |
| essive-instructive | kastken | kastkin | |
| translative | kastkeks | kastkikš | |
| inessive | kastkes | kastkiš | |
| elative | kastkespäi | kastkišpäi | |
| illative | kastkehe | kastkihe | |
| adessive | kastkel | kastkil | |
| ablative | kastkelpäi | kastkilpäi | |
| allative | kastkele | kastkile | |
| abessive | kastketa | kastkita | |
| comitative | kastkenke | kastkidenke | |
| prolative | kastetme | kastkidme | |
| approximative I | kastkenno | kastkidenno | |
| approximative II | kastkennoks | kastkidennoks | |
| egressive | kastkennopäi | kastkidennopäi | |
| terminative I | kastkehesai | kastkihesai | |
| terminative II | kastkelesai | kastkilesai | |
| terminative III | kastkessai | — | |
| additive I | kastkehepäi | kastkihepäi | |
| additive II | kastkelepäi | kastkilepäi | |
References
- Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “роса”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika