karsta
See also: karstā
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑrstɑ/, [ˈkɑrs̠t̪ɑ]
- Rhymes: -ɑrstɑ
- Syllabification(key): kars‧ta
Etymology 1
Probably borrowed from Russian коро́ста (korósta).[1]
Noun
karsta
- crust (dry, hard dirt, especially as developed due to burning)
- Avotulella paistinpannun ulkopuolelle kertyy karstaa.
- When a frying pan is used over open fire a crust of soot develops on its outside.
- grime (hardened dirt, grease, soot, etc. that is difficult to remove)
- (archeology) The dried and hardened remains of anything on the surface of a vessel or similar.
Declension
| Inflection of karsta (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | karsta | karstat | |
| genitive | karstan | karstojen | |
| partitive | karstaa | karstoja | |
| illative | karstaan | karstoihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | karsta | karstat | |
| accusative | nom. | karsta | karstat |
| gen. | karstan | ||
| genitive | karstan | karstojen karstainrare | |
| partitive | karstaa | karstoja | |
| inessive | karstassa | karstoissa | |
| elative | karstasta | karstoista | |
| illative | karstaan | karstoihin | |
| adessive | karstalla | karstoilla | |
| ablative | karstalta | karstoilta | |
| allative | karstalle | karstoille | |
| essive | karstana | karstoina | |
| translative | karstaksi | karstoiksi | |
| instructive | — | karstoin | |
| abessive | karstatta | karstoitta | |
| comitative | — | karstoineen | |
| Possessive forms of karsta (type kala) | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | singular | plural |
| 1st person | karstani | karstamme |
| 2nd person | karstasi | karstanne |
| 3rd person | karstansa | |
Derived terms
- karstoittua
Etymology 2
From Proto-Finnic *karsta, probably borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (compare Lithuanian karsti).
Noun
karsta
- card (comb- or brush-like device or tool to raise the nap on a fabric)
- card (hand-held tool for preparing materials for spinning)
Declension
| Inflection of karsta (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | karsta | karstat | |
| genitive | karstan | karstojen | |
| partitive | karstaa | karstoja | |
| illative | karstaan | karstoihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | karsta | karstat | |
| accusative | nom. | karsta | karstat |
| gen. | karstan | ||
| genitive | karstan | karstojen karstainrare | |
| partitive | karstaa | karstoja | |
| inessive | karstassa | karstoissa | |
| elative | karstasta | karstoista | |
| illative | karstaan | karstoihin | |
| adessive | karstalla | karstoilla | |
| ablative | karstalta | karstoilta | |
| allative | karstalle | karstoille | |
| essive | karstana | karstoina | |
| translative | karstaksi | karstoiksi | |
| instructive | — | karstoin | |
| abessive | karstatta | karstoitta | |
| comitative | — | karstoineen | |
| Possessive forms of karsta (type kala) | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | singular | plural |
| 1st person | karstani | karstamme |
| 2nd person | karstasi | karstanne |
| 3rd person | karstansa | |
Derived terms
- karstata
References
- Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN
Anagrams
- kartsa, katras, tsakra
Ingrian
Etymology
Cognates include Finnish karsta (“scabies”).
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkɑrstɑ/, [ˈkɑrs̠t]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkɑrstɑ/, [ˈkɑrʃtɑ]
- Rhymes: -ɑrstɑ
- Hyphenation: kars‧ta
Noun
karsta
- scabies
Declension
| Declension of karsta (type 3/kana, st-ss gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | karsta | karssat |
| genitive | karssan | karstoin |
| partitive | karstaa | karstoja |
| illative | karstaa | karstoi |
| inessive | karssaas | karssois |
| elative | karssast | karssoist |
| allative | karssalle | karssoille |
| adessive | karssaal | karssoil |
| ablative | karssalt | karssoilt |
| translative | karssaks | karssoiks |
| essive | karstanna, karstaan | karstoinna, karstoin |
| exessive1) | karstant | karstoint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 138
Latvian
Adjective
karsta
- genitive singular masculine form of karsts
- nominative singular feminine form of karsts
Veps
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *karcidak.
Verb
karsta
- to chop off
Inflection
| Inflection of karsta (inflection type 21/henkta) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st infinitive | karsta | ||
| present indic. | karzib | ||
| past indic. | karzi | ||
| present indicative | past indicative | imperative | |
| 1st singular | karzin | karzin | — |
| 2nd singular | karzid | karzid | karzi |
| 3rd singular | karzib | karzi | karskaha |
| 1st plural | karzim | karzim | karskam |
| 2nd plural | karzit | karzit | karskat |
| 3rd plural | karstas karziba | karziba | karskaha |
| sing. conneg.1 | karzi | karzind | karzi |
| plur. conneg. | karskoi | karznugoi | karskoi |
| present conditional | past conditional | potential | |
| 1st singular | karzižin | karznuižin | karznen |
| 2nd singular | karzižid | karznuižid | karzned |
| 3rd singular | karziži | karznuiži | karzneb |
| 1st plural | karzižim | karznuižim | karznem |
| 2nd plural | karzižit | karznuižit | karznet |
| 3rd plural | karzižiba | karznuižiba | karzneba |
| connegative | karziži | karznuiži | karzne |
| non-finite forms | |||
| 1st infinitive | karsta | ||
| 2nd infinitive | 3rd infinitive | ||
| inessive | karstes | inessive | karzmas |
| instructive | karsten | illative | karzmaha |
| participles | elative | karzmaspäi | |
| present active | karzii | adessive | karzmal |
| past active | karznu | abessive | karzmat |
| past passive | karstud | ||
References
- Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “обрубать”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary], Petrozavodsk: Periodika