kangistuttaa
Finnish
Etymology
Causative aspect of kangistaa (“to stiffen”), from kankea (“stiff”); compare Estonian kange.
Verb
kangistuttaa
- (transitive) to cause to stiffen
Conjugation
| Inflection of kangistuttaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, tt-t gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kangistutan | en kangistuta | 1st sing. | olen kangistuttanut | en ole kangistuttanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kangistutat | et kangistuta | 2nd sing. | olet kangistuttanut | et ole kangistuttanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kangistuttaa | ei kangistuta | 3rd sing. | on kangistuttanut | ei ole kangistuttanut | |
| 1st plur. | kangistutamme | emme kangistuta | 1st plur. | olemme kangistuttaneet | emme ole kangistuttaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kangistutatte | ette kangistuta | 2nd plur. | olette kangistuttaneet | ette ole kangistuttaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kangistuttavat | eivät kangistuta | 3rd plur. | ovat kangistuttaneet | eivät ole kangistuttaneet | |
| passive | kangistutetaan | ei kangistuteta | passive | on kangistutettu | ei ole kangistutettu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kangistutin | en kangistuttanut | 1st sing. | olin kangistuttanut | en ollut kangistuttanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kangistutit | et kangistuttanut | 2nd sing. | olit kangistuttanut | et ollut kangistuttanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kangistutti | ei kangistuttanut | 3rd sing. | oli kangistuttanut | ei ollut kangistuttanut | |
| 1st plur. | kangistutimme | emme kangistuttaneet | 1st plur. | olimme kangistuttaneet | emme olleet kangistuttaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kangistutitte | ette kangistuttaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kangistuttaneet | ette olleet kangistuttaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kangistuttivat | eivät kangistuttaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kangistuttaneet | eivät olleet kangistuttaneet | |
| passive | kangistutettiin | ei kangistutettu | passive | oli kangistutettu | ei ollut kangistutettu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kangistuttaisin | en kangistuttaisi | 1st sing. | olisin kangistuttanut | en olisi kangistuttanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kangistuttaisit | et kangistuttaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kangistuttanut | et olisi kangistuttanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kangistuttaisi | ei kangistuttaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kangistuttanut | ei olisi kangistuttanut | |
| 1st plur. | kangistuttaisimme | emme kangistuttaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kangistuttaneet | emme olisi kangistuttaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kangistuttaisitte | ette kangistuttaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kangistuttaneet | ette olisi kangistuttaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kangistuttaisivat | eivät kangistuttaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kangistuttaneet | eivät olisi kangistuttaneet | |
| passive | kangistutettaisiin | ei kangistutettaisi | passive | olisi kangistutettu | ei olisi kangistutettu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | kangistuta | älä kangistuta | 2nd sing. | ole kangistuttanut | älä ole kangistuttanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kangistuttakoon | älköön kangistuttako | 3rd sing. | olkoon kangistuttanut | älköön olko kangistuttanut | |
| 1st plur. | kangistuttakaamme | älkäämme kangistuttako | 1st plur. | olkaamme kangistuttaneet | älkäämme olko kangistuttaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kangistuttakaa | älkää kangistuttako | 2nd plur. | olkaa kangistuttaneet | älkää olko kangistuttaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kangistuttakoot | älkööt kangistuttako | 3rd plur. | olkoot kangistuttaneet | älkööt olko kangistuttaneet | |
| passive | kangistutettakoon | älköön kangistutettako | passive | olkoon kangistutettu | älköön olko kangistutettu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kangistuttanen | en kangistuttane | 1st sing. | lienen kangistuttanut | en liene kangistuttanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kangistuttanet | et kangistuttane | 2nd sing. | lienet kangistuttanut | et liene kangistuttanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kangistuttanee | ei kangistuttane | 3rd sing. | lienee kangistuttanut | ei liene kangistuttanut | |
| 1st plur. | kangistuttanemme | emme kangistuttane | 1st plur. | lienemme kangistuttaneet | emme liene kangistuttaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kangistuttanette | ette kangistuttane | 2nd plur. | lienette kangistuttaneet | ette liene kangistuttaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kangistuttanevat | eivät kangistuttane | 3rd plur. | lienevät kangistuttaneet | eivät liene kangistuttaneet | |
| passive | kangistutettaneen | ei kangistutettane | passive | lienee kangistutettu | ei liene kangistutettu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | kangistuttaa | present | kangistuttava | kangistutettava | ||
| long 1st2 | kangistuttaakseen | past | kangistuttanut | kangistutettu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | kangistuttaessa | kangistutettaessa | agent1, 3 | kangistuttama | |
| instructive | kangistuttaen | — | negative | kangistuttamaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | kangistuttamassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | kangistuttamasta | — | ||||
| illative | kangistuttamaan | — | ||||
| adessive | kangistuttamalla | — | ||||
| abessive | kangistuttamatta | — | ||||
| instructive | kangistuttaman | kangistutettaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | kangistuttaminen | ||||
| partitive | kangistuttamista | |||||
| 5th2 | kangistuttamaisillaan | |||||
Synonyms
- kangistaa is often used synonymously