kaliti
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *kaliti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kǎːliti/
- Hyphenation: ka‧li‧ti
Verb
káliti impf (Cyrillic spelling ка́лити)
- (transitive) to harden, temper (iron, steel)
Conjugation
Conjugation of kaliti
| Infinitive: kaliti | Present verbal adverb: kálēći | Past verbal adverb: — | Verbal noun: káljēnje | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |
| Verbal forms | ja | ti | on / ona / ono | mi | vi | oni / one / ona | |
| Present | kalim | kališ | kali | kalimo | kalite | kale | |
| Future | Future I | kalit ću1 kaliću | kalit ćeš1 kalićeš | kalit će1 kaliće | kalit ćemo1 kalićemo | kalit ćete1 kalićete | kalit će1 kaliće |
| Future II | bȕdēm kalio2 | bȕdēš kalio2 | bȕdē kalio2 | bȕdēmo kalili2 | bȕdēte kalili2 | bȕdū kalili2 | |
| Past | Perfect | kalio sam2 | kalio si2 | kalio je2 | kalili smo2 | kalili ste2 | kalili su2 |
| Pluperfect3 | bȉo sam kalio2 | bȉo si kalio2 | bȉo je kalio2 | bíli smo kalili2 | bíli ste kalili2 | bíli su kalili2 | |
| Imperfect | kaljah | kaljaše | kaljaše | kaljasmo | kaljaste | kaljahu | |
| Conditional I | kalio bih2 | kalio bi2 | kalio bi2 | kalili bismo2 | kalili biste2 | kalili bi2 | |
| Conditional II4 | bȉo bih kalio2 | bȉo bi kalio2 | bȉo bi kalio2 | bíli bismo kalili2 | bíli biste kalili2 | bíli bi kalili2 | |
| Imperative | — | kali | — | kalimo | kalite | — | |
| Active past participle | kalio m / kalila f / kalilo n | kalili m / kalile f / kalila n | |||||
| Passive past participle | kaljen m / kaljena f / kaljeno n | kaljeni m / kaljene f / kaljena n | |||||
| 1 Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. 2 For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. 3 Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. 4 Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. | |||||||
Derived terms
- iskáliti
- prekáliti
Slovene
Etymology 1
From Proto-Slavic *kaliti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kalìːti/, /kalíːti/
Verb
kalīti impf
- to temper, to harden (metal)
Inflection
| -iti -im (AP c) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | kalīti | |||||
| 1st singular | kalím | |||||
| infinitive | kalīti | kalȋt, kalȉt | ||||
| supine | kalȋt | |||||
| verbal noun | kaljénje | |||||
| participle | converb | |||||
| present | kalȅč | — | ||||
| past | kaljȅn | — | ||||
| l-participle | masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
| singular | kalȋł | kalíla | kalȋlo | |||
| dual | kalȋla | kalȋli | kalȋli | |||
| plural | kalȋli | kalȋle | kalȋla | |||
| present | imperative | |||||
| 1st singular | kalím | — | ||||
| 2nd singular | kalíš | káli | ||||
| 3rd singular | kalí | — | ||||
| 1st dual | kalíva | kalȋva | ||||
| 2nd dual | kalíta | kalȋta | ||||
| 3rd dual | kalíta | — | ||||
| 1st plural | kalímo | kalȋmo | ||||
| 2nd plural | kalíte | kalȋte | ||||
| 3rd plural | kalíjo | — | ||||
Derived terms
- prekalīti
Etymology 2
From kȃl + -iti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kalìːti/, /kalíːti/
Verb
kalīti impf
- to germinate
Inflection
| -iti -im (AP c) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | kalīti | |||||
| 1st singular | kalím | |||||
| infinitive | kalīti | kalȋt, kalȉt | ||||
| supine | — | |||||
| verbal noun | kaljénje | |||||
| participle | converb | |||||
| present | kalȅč | — | ||||
| past | — | — | ||||
| l-participle | masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
| singular | kalȋł | kalíla | kalȋlo | |||
| dual | kalȋla | kalȋli | kalȋli | |||
| plural | kalȋli | kalȋle | kalȋla | |||
| present | imperative | |||||
| 1st singular | kalím | — | ||||
| 2nd singular | kalíš | káli | ||||
| 3rd singular | kalí | — | ||||
| 1st dual | kalíva | kalȋva | ||||
| 2nd dual | kalíta | kalȋta | ||||
| 3rd dual | kalíta | — | ||||
| 1st plural | kalímo | kalȋmo | ||||
| 2nd plural | kalíte | kalȋte | ||||
| 3rd plural | kalíjo | — | ||||
Derived terms
- vzkalīti
Etymology 3
From kȃl + -iti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kalìːti/, /kalíːti/
Verb
kalīti impf
- to muddy
Inflection
| -iti -im (AP c) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | kalīti | |||||
| 1st singular | kalím | |||||
| infinitive | kalīti | kalȋt, kalȉt | ||||
| supine | kalȋt | |||||
| verbal noun | kaljénje | |||||
| participle | converb | |||||
| present | kalȅč | — | ||||
| past | kaljȅn | — | ||||
| l-participle | masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
| singular | kalȋł | kalíla | kalȋlo | |||
| dual | kalȋla | kalȋli | kalȋli | |||
| plural | kalȋli | kalȋle | kalȋla | |||
| present | imperative | |||||
| 1st singular | kalím | — | ||||
| 2nd singular | kalíš | káli | ||||
| 3rd singular | kalí | — | ||||
| 1st dual | kalíva | kalȋva | ||||
| 2nd dual | kalíta | kalȋta | ||||
| 3rd dual | kalíta | — | ||||
| 1st plural | kalímo | kalȋmo | ||||
| 2nd plural | kalíte | kalȋte | ||||
| 3rd plural | kalíjo | — | ||||
Further reading
- “kaliti”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran