kali

See also: Kali, káli, Káli, kalí, kálí, Kálí, käli, kāli, kaḻi, kāļi, and кали

English

Etymology 1

Arabic قِلْي‎ (qily). See alkali.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkæli/, /ˈkeɪli/
Audio (UK) (file)
Audio (UK) (file)

Noun

kali (uncountable)

The prickly glasswort (Kali turgidum, syn. of Salsola kali).
- 1765, Temple H. Croker, Thomas Williams, Samuel Clarke, The Complete Dictionary of Arts and Sciences: Volume 2
  But the kali is principally regarded, on account of its yielding copiously, when burnt, the fixed alkaline salt called soda […]
Alkali, particularly soda ash or potash.

Etymology 2

Uncertain; see arnis#Name at Wikipedia for more.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkɑːli/
Audio (UK) (file)

Noun

kali (uncountable)

Traditional Philippine stick fighting, a martial art.
Synonyms: arnis, eskrima

Etymology 3

Uncertain; possibly a reference to the appearance of soda ash produced by burning kali (Etymology 1).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkeɪli/
Audio (UK) (file)

Noun

kali (uncountable)

A type of British crystalline sweet or candy, similar in appearance to sherbet but made with larger sugar crystals.
- 1928, Kenrayne (pseudonym), “Toffees and Twists”, in The Homestead (South Africa)‎, page 27:
  [M]any women will be glad to know exactly how to start making sweets so that they will be saleable. [...] Lozenges, comfits, kali, bonbons, etc.
- 2005, Christopher Upton, Living Back-to-back‎, page 152:
  The stock is supplied by Sela Traditional Sweet Co., based in Thynne Street, West Bromwich, which has been making a vast range of boiled sweets—sarsaparilla tablets, kali, clove balls, lime juice bricks, rosy apples and the rest—since 1882.
- 2012 June 6, Nigel Slater (@NigelSlater), Twitter‎:
  A positive shower of sherbets. Include fountains, lemons, dibdabs, flying saucers, even jars of Kali.

Anagrams

Kail, Laki, Lika, ilka, kail, kila, laik

Anguthimri

Noun

kali

(Mpakwithi) hole

References

Terry Crowley, The Mpakwithi dialect of Anguthimri (1981), page 186

Betawi

Etymology

From Javanese ꦏꦭꦶ (kali), from Old Javanese kali, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kali. Compare to Malay gali ~ kali (“to dug”).

Noun

kali

river

Bikol Central

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kali, from Proto-Austronesian *kalih.

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: ka‧li
IPA^(key): /kaˈli/

Noun

kalí

canal; ditch; trench; gutter
Synonym: saruro

Derived terms

kali-kali

Central Huasteca Nahuatl

Noun

kali

building, house.

Dupaningan Agta

Noun

kali

kind of large bird

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kalja. Possibly a pre-Balto-Slavic Indo-European loan, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂al-ew-yo-.

Noun

kali (genitive kalja, partitive kalja)

kvass

Declension

Declension of kali (type nali)

	singular	plural
nominative	kali	kaljad
genitive	kalja	kaljade
partitive	kalja	kaljasid / kalju
illative	kaljasse / kalja	kaljadesse / kaljusse
inessive	kaljas	kaljades / kaljus
elative	kaljast	kaljadest / kaljust
allative	kaljale	kaljadele / kaljule
adessive	kaljal	kaljadel / kaljul
ablative	kaljalt	kaljadelt / kaljult
translative	kaljaks	kaljadeks / kaljuks
terminative	kaljani	kaljadeni
essive	kaljana	kaljadena
abessive	kaljata	kaljadeta
comitative	kaljaga	kaljadega

Finnish

Etymology

From German Kali.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkɑli/, [ˈkɑli]
Rhymes: -ɑli
Syllabification^(key): ka‧li

Noun

kali

potassium
potassium oxide

Declension

Inflection of kali (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative		kali	kalit
genitive		kalin	kalien
partitive		kalia	kaleja
illative		kaliin	kaleihin
		singular	plural
nominative		kali	kalit
accusative	nom.	kali	kalit
accusative	gen.	kalin	kalit
genitive		kalin	kalien
partitive		kalia	kaleja
inessive		kalissa	kaleissa
elative		kalista	kaleista
illative		kaliin	kaleihin
adessive		kalilla	kaleilla
ablative		kalilta	kaleilta
allative		kalille	kaleille
essive		kalina	kaleina
translative		kaliksi	kaleiksi
instructive		—	kalein
abessive		kalitta	kaleitta
comitative		—	kaleineen

Possessive forms of kali (type risti)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	kalini	kalimme
2nd person	kalisi	kalinne
3rd person	kalinsa

Anagrams

laki, lika

French

Noun

kali m (plural kalis)

kali (plant)

Ilocano

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kali, from Proto-Austronesian *kalih.

Verb

kali (used in the form ikali)

to dig (to move hard-packed earth out of the way)

Indonesian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ka.li/
Rhymes: -li, -i
Hyphenation: ka‧li

Etymology 1

From Malay kali, from Sanskrit काल (kāla, “time”). Doublet of kala.

Indonesian perkalian (“multiplication”) was only coined after independence, being cited for example in Poerwadarminta (1976) of which the first edition appeared in 1953, though not yet in Zain (1957).
Clipping of barangkali and sekali

Noun

kali (first-person possessive kaliku, second-person possessive kalimu, third-person possessive kalinya)

times
Aku pergi ke sana dua kali sebulan.
- I go there twice a month.

Preposition

kali

(mathematics) times
Dua kali tiga sama dengan enam. ― Two times three equals six.

Adverb

kali

Alternative spelling of barangkali (“perhaps, maybe, probably”)
(Medan, slang) very
Synonyms: amat, banget, sangat, sungguh

Usage notes

When multiplication is not commutative, dikali may be preferred. Otherwise, kali and dikali are interchangable.

Derived terms

berkali-kali
kali-kalian
memperkalikan
mengalikan
pekali
pengali
perkalian
sekali
sekalian
sekali-kali
sekali-sekali

acapkali
barangkali

Etymology 2

From Javanese ꦏꦭꦶ (kali), from Old Javanese kali, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kali. Compare to Malay gali ~ kali (“to dug”).

Noun

kali (plural kali-kali, first-person possessive kaliku, second-person possessive kalimu, third-person possessive kalinya)

river
Synonym: sungai

Derived terms

kali mati

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

kali

catfish
Synonym: lele

Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

kali

high official in South Sulawesi

Javanese

Romanization

kali

Romanization of ꦏꦭꦶ

Latvian

Verb

kali

2nd person singular past indicative form of kalt

Malay

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kali/
Rhymes: -ali, -li, -i

Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayic *kali, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kali, from Proto-Austronesian *kalih.

Alternative forms

gali

Verb

kali (used in the form mengali)

Obsolete form of gali.

Synonyms

korek

Etymology 2

kali

From Javanese ꦏꦭꦶ (kali), from Old Javanese kali.

Noun

kali (Jawi spelling کالي‎, plural kali-kali, informal 1st possessive kaliku, 2nd possessive kalimu, 3rd possessive kalinya)

river (large stream which drains a landmass)

Synonyms

alir
alur
batang
bengawan
ci
sungai
wai

Etymology 3

From Sanskrit काल (kāla, “time”). Doublet of kala.

Noun

kali

times

Verb

kali

to times, to multiply

Mauritian Creole

Etymology

From Tamil கள்ளி (kaḷḷi).

Noun

kali

cactus

Ngiyambaa

Noun

kali

(Waangaybuwan) water
- 2001, Mood and Modality, →ISBN:
  ɡaliː-ŋinda-ɡila ŋiyanu balu-y-aɡa
  water-CARIT-HYPOTH we+PL+NOM die-CM-IRR
  we'll probably die for lack of water

Alternative forms

gali (Wayilwan)

Old Javanese

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kali. Compare to Malay gali ~ kali (“to dug”).

Noun

kali

river
deep watercourse
river-bed
channel

Descendants

Javanese: ꦏꦭꦶ (kali)
- → Betawi: kali
- → Indonesian: kali
- → Malay: kali
→ Balinese: ᬓᬮᬶ (kali)

Polish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈka.li/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ali
Syllabification: ka‧li

Verb

kali

third-person singular present of kalić

Romani

Adjective

kali

feminine singular of kalo

Serbo-Croatian

Verb

kali (Cyrillic spelling кали)

inflection of káliti:
1. third-person singular present
2. second-person singular imperative

Noun

kali (Cyrillic spelling кали)

nominative/vocative plural of kal

Sundanese

Romanization

kali

Romanization of ᮊᮜᮤ

Swahili

Pronunciation

Audio (Kenya) (file)

Adjective

-kali (declinable)

sharp
fierce
acidic
harsh, cruel
savage
intense

Inflection

Inflected forms of -kali

Noun class	singular	plural
M-wa class	mkali	wakali
M-mi class	mkali	mikali
Ma class	kali	makali
Ki-vi class	kikali	vikali
N class	kali	kali
U class	mkali	kali
Pa class	pakali	pakali
Ku class	kukali	kukali
Mu class	mukali	mukali

Tagalog

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: ka‧li

IPA^(key): /kaˈli/, [kɐˈli]

IPA^(key): /kaˈliʔ/, [kɐˈliʔ]

Noun

kalí or kalî

rest; quietude; repose; quietude (usually used in the negative)

Derived terms

di-mapakali
makali
mapakali

Noun

kalí

(medicine, archaic) a boneache

Derived terms

magpangali
magsisipangali
mangangali

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: ka‧li

IPA^(key): /kaˈliʔ/, [kɐˈliʔ]

IPA^(key): /kaˈleʔ/, [kɐˈleʔ] (colloquial)

Adverb

kalî

(Bataan) I wonder (placed after interrogative pronouns)
Synonym: kaya

Etymology 3

Possibly a clipping of kalis.

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: ka‧li

IPA^(key): /ˈkali/, [ˈka.lɪ]

Noun

kali

kali (Philippine stick fighting)
Synonyms: arnis, eskrima

Pronunciation

Hyphenation: ka‧li

IPA^(key): /ˈkali/, [ˈka.lɪ]

Noun

kali

(archaic) excavation
(archaic) asking for the care of others
canal

Tausug

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kali.

Verb

kali (used in the form magkali)

to dig

Vietnamese

Chemical element
K
Previous: agon (Ar)
Next: canxi (Ca)

Etymology

Ultimately from New Latin kalium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.

Pronunciation

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [kaː˧˧ li˧˧]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [kaː˧˧ lɪj˧˧]
(Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [kaː˧˧ lɪj˧˧]
Phonetic: ca li

Noun

kali

potassium

kali

English

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Noun

Anagrams

Anguthimri

Noun

References

Betawi

Etymology

Noun

Bikol Central

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Central Huasteca Nahuatl

Noun

Dupaningan Agta

Noun

Estonian

Etymology

Noun

Declension

Finnish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Anagrams

French

Noun

Further reading

Ilocano

Etymology

Verb

Indonesian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Preposition

Adverb

Usage notes

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Noun

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Noun

Etymology 4

Noun

Further reading

Javanese

Romanization

Latvian

Verb

Malay

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Verb

Synonyms

Etymology 2

Noun

Synonyms

Etymology 3

Noun

Verb

Further reading

Mauritian Creole

Etymology

Noun

Ngiyambaa