kaivertaa
Finnish
Etymology 1
From kaivaa + -ertaa.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯ʋertɑːˣ/, [ˈkɑi̯ʋe̞rt̪ɑː(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -ɑiʋertɑː
- Syllabification(key): kai‧ver‧taa
Verb
kaivertaa
- (transitive) To engrave, carve.
- Kuoreen oli kaiverrettu nimikirjaimet H.T.
- Somebody had carved the initials H.T. onto the bark.
- Kuoreen oli kaiverrettu nimikirjaimet H.T.
Conjugation
| Inflection of kaivertaa (Kotus type 54*K/huutaa, rt-rr gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kaiverran | en kaiverra | 1st sing. | olen kaivertanut | en ole kaivertanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kaiverrat | et kaiverra | 2nd sing. | olet kaivertanut | et ole kaivertanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kaivertaa | ei kaiverra | 3rd sing. | on kaivertanut | ei ole kaivertanut | |
| 1st plur. | kaiverramme | emme kaiverra | 1st plur. | olemme kaivertaneet | emme ole kaivertaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kaiverratte | ette kaiverra | 2nd plur. | olette kaivertaneet | ette ole kaivertaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kaivertavat | eivät kaiverra | 3rd plur. | ovat kaivertaneet | eivät ole kaivertaneet | |
| passive | kaiverretaan | ei kaiverreta | passive | on kaiverrettu | ei ole kaiverrettu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kaiversin | en kaivertanut | 1st sing. | olin kaivertanut | en ollut kaivertanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kaiversit | et kaivertanut | 2nd sing. | olit kaivertanut | et ollut kaivertanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kaiversi | ei kaivertanut | 3rd sing. | oli kaivertanut | ei ollut kaivertanut | |
| 1st plur. | kaiversimme | emme kaivertaneet | 1st plur. | olimme kaivertaneet | emme olleet kaivertaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kaiversitte | ette kaivertaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kaivertaneet | ette olleet kaivertaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kaiversivat | eivät kaivertaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kaivertaneet | eivät olleet kaivertaneet | |
| passive | kaiverrettiin | ei kaiverrettu | passive | oli kaiverrettu | ei ollut kaiverrettu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kaivertaisin | en kaivertaisi | 1st sing. | olisin kaivertanut | en olisi kaivertanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kaivertaisit | et kaivertaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kaivertanut | et olisi kaivertanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kaivertaisi | ei kaivertaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kaivertanut | ei olisi kaivertanut | |
| 1st plur. | kaivertaisimme | emme kaivertaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kaivertaneet | emme olisi kaivertaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kaivertaisitte | ette kaivertaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kaivertaneet | ette olisi kaivertaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kaivertaisivat | eivät kaivertaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kaivertaneet | eivät olisi kaivertaneet | |
| passive | kaiverrettaisiin | ei kaiverrettaisi | passive | olisi kaiverrettu | ei olisi kaiverrettu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | kaiverra | älä kaiverra | 2nd sing. | ole kaivertanut | älä ole kaivertanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kaivertakoon | älköön kaivertako | 3rd sing. | olkoon kaivertanut | älköön olko kaivertanut | |
| 1st plur. | kaivertakaamme | älkäämme kaivertako | 1st plur. | olkaamme kaivertaneet | älkäämme olko kaivertaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kaivertakaa | älkää kaivertako | 2nd plur. | olkaa kaivertaneet | älkää olko kaivertaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kaivertakoot | älkööt kaivertako | 3rd plur. | olkoot kaivertaneet | älkööt olko kaivertaneet | |
| passive | kaiverrettakoon | älköön kaiverrettako | passive | olkoon kaiverrettu | älköön olko kaiverrettu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kaivertanen | en kaivertane | 1st sing. | lienen kaivertanut | en liene kaivertanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kaivertanet | et kaivertane | 2nd sing. | lienet kaivertanut | et liene kaivertanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kaivertanee | ei kaivertane | 3rd sing. | lienee kaivertanut | ei liene kaivertanut | |
| 1st plur. | kaivertanemme | emme kaivertane | 1st plur. | lienemme kaivertaneet | emme liene kaivertaneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kaivertanette | ette kaivertane | 2nd plur. | lienette kaivertaneet | ette liene kaivertaneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kaivertanevat | eivät kaivertane | 3rd plur. | lienevät kaivertaneet | eivät liene kaivertaneet | |
| passive | kaiverrettaneen | ei kaiverrettane | passive | lienee kaiverrettu | ei liene kaiverrettu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | kaivertaa | present | kaivertava | kaiverrettava | ||
| long 1st2 | kaivertaakseen | past | kaivertanut | kaiverrettu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | kaivertaessa | kaiverrettaessa | agent1, 3 | kaivertama | |
| instructive | kaivertaen | — | negative | kaivertamaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | kaivertamassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | kaivertamasta | — | ||||
| illative | kaivertamaan | — | ||||
| adessive | kaivertamalla | — | ||||
| abessive | kaivertamatta | — | ||||
| instructive | kaivertaman | kaiverrettaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | kaivertaminen | ||||
| partitive | kaivertamista | |||||
| 5th2 | kaivertamaisillaan | |||||
Derived terms
- kaiverrus
- kaivertaja
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯ʋertɑː/, [ˈkɑi̯ʋe̞rt̪ɑː]
- Rhymes: -ɑiʋertɑː
- Syllabification(key): kai‧ver‧taa
Verb
kaivertaa
- third-person singular present indicative of kaivertaa
Anagrams
- arkivaate, vaikertaa
Ingrian
Etymology
From kaivaa (“to dig up”) + -ertaa. Akin to Finnish kaivertaa.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯ʋertɑː/, [ˈkɑi̯ʋərtɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯ʋertɑː/, [ˈkɑi̯ʋe̞rtɑː]
- Rhymes: -ɑi̯ʋertɑː
- Hyphenation: kai‧ver‧taa
Verb
kaivertaa
- (transitive) to carve
Conjugation
| Conjugation of kaivertaa (type 3/kyntää, rt-rr gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | kaiverran | en kaiverra | 1st singular | oon kaivertant, oon kaivertanut | en oo kaivertant, en oo kaivertanut |
| 2nd singular | kaiverrat | et kaiverra | 2nd singular | oot kaivertant, oot kaivertanut | et oo kaivertant, et oo kaivertanut |
| 3rd singular | kaivertaa | ei kaiverra | 3rd singular | ono kaivertant, ono kaivertanut | ei oo kaivertant, ei oo kaivertanut |
| 1st plural | kaiverramma | emmä kaiverra | 1st plural | oomma kaivertanneet | emmä oo kaivertanneet |
| 2nd plural | kaiverratta | että kaiverra | 2nd plural | ootta kaivertanneet | että oo kaivertanneet |
| 3rd plural | kaivertaat1), kaivertavat2), kaiverretaa | evät kaiverra | 3rd plural | ovat kaivertanneet | evät oo kaivertanneet |
| impersonal | kaiverretaa | ei kaiverreta | impersonal | ono kaiverrettu | ei oo kaiverrettu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | kaiversin | en kaivertant, en kaivertanut | 1st singular | olin kaivertant, olin kaivertanut | en olt kaivertant, en olt kaivertanut |
| 2nd singular | kaiversit | et kaivertant, et kaivertanut | 2nd singular | olit kaivertant, olit kaivertanut | et olt kaivertant, et olt kaivertanut |
| 3rd singular | kaiversi | ei kaivertant, ei kaivertanut | 3rd singular | oli kaivertant, oli kaivertanut | ei olt kaivertant, ei olt kaivertanut |
| 1st plural | kaiversimma | emmä kaivertanneet | 1st plural | olimma kaivertanneet | emmä olleet kaivertanneet |
| 2nd plural | kaiversitta | että kaivertanneet | 2nd plural | olitta kaivertanneet | että olleet kaivertanneet |
| 3rd plural | kaiversiit1), kaiversivat2), kaiverrettii | evät kaivertanneet | 3rd plural | olivat kaivertanneet | evät olleet kaivertanneet |
| impersonal | kaiverrettii | ei kaiverrettu | impersonal | oli kaiverrettu | ei olt kaiverrettu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | kaivertaisin | en kaivertais | 1st singular | olisin kaivertant, olisin kaivertanut | en olis kaivertant, en olis kaivertanut |
| 2nd singular | kaivertaisit, kaivertaist1) | et kaivertais | 2nd singular | olisit kaivertant, olisit kaivertanut | et olis kaivertant, et olis kaivertanut |
| 3rd singular | kaivertais | ei kaivertais | 3rd singular | olis kaivertant, olis kaivertanut | ei olis kaivertant, ei olis kaivertanut |
| 1st plural | kaivertaisimma | emmä kaivertais | 1st plural | olisimma kaivertanneet | emmä olis kaivertanneet |
| 2nd plural | kaivertaisitta | että kaivertais | 2nd plural | olisitta kaivertanneet | että olis kaivertanneet |
| 3rd plural | kaivertaisiit1), kaivertaisivat2), kaiverrettais | evät kaivertais | 3rd plural | olisivat kaivertanneet | evät olis kaivertanneet |
| impersonal | kaiverrettais | ei kaiverrettais | impersonal | olis kaiverrettu | ei olis kaiverrettu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | kaiverra | elä kaiverra | 2nd singular | oo kaivertant, oo kaivertanut | elä oo kaivertant, elä oo kaivertanut |
| 3rd singular | kaivertakkoo | elköö kaivertako | 3rd singular | olkoo kaivertant, olkoo kaivertanut | elköö olko kaivertant, elköö olko kaivertanut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | kaivertakkaa | elkää kaivertako | 2nd plural | olkaa kaivertanneet | elkää olko kaivertanneet |
| 3rd plural | kaivertakkoot | elkööt kaivertako | 3rd plural | olkoot kaivertanneet | elkööt olko kaivertanneet |
| impersonal | kaiverrettakoo | elköö kaiverrettako | impersonal | olkoo kaiverrettu | elköö olko kaiverrettu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | kaivertanen | en kaivertane | |||
| 2nd singular | kaivertanet | et kaivertane | |||
| 3rd singular | kaivertannoo | ei kaivertane | |||
| 1st plural | kaivertanemma | emmä kaivertane | |||
| 2nd plural | kaivertanetta | että kaivertane | |||
| 3rd plural | kaivertannoot | evät kaivertane | |||
| impersonal | kaiverrettanoo | ei kaiverrettane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | kaivertaa | present | kaivertava | kaiverrettava | |
| 2nd | inessive | kaivertaes | past | kaivertant, kaivertanut | kaiverrettu |
| instructive | kaivertaen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (kaivertakkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative, or -kse to the potential. ***) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | kaivertammaa | |||
| inessive | kaivertamas | ||||
| elative | kaivertamast | ||||
| abessive | kaivertamata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | kaivertammiin | |||
| partitive | kaivertamista, kaivertamist | ||||
References
- V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 20