jꜥj

jꜥj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /iɑːi/
  • Conventional anglicization: iai

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (transitive) to wash
   • c. 2000–1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115), lines 13–15:

     jꜥ tw jmj mw ḥr ḏbꜥw.k

     Wash yourself, put water on your fingers.

Inflection

Conjugation of jꜥj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: jꜥ, geminated stem: jꜥꜥ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
jꜥt, jꜥj	jꜥw, jꜥ	jꜥt, jꜥwt, jꜥyt	jꜥ	jꜥ, jꜥy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
jꜥ8, jꜥꜥ8	ḥr jꜥt, ḥr jꜥj	m jꜥt, m jꜥj	r jꜥt, r jꜥj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	jꜥ.n	jꜥw, jꜥ, jꜥy	consecutive	jꜥ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	jꜥt, jꜥyt
perfective3	jꜥ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative	jꜥ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	jꜥ, jꜥy	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	jꜥw, jꜥ, jꜥy	jꜥw, jꜥ, jꜥy	potentialis	jꜥ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	jꜥ, jꜥy	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	jꜥ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	jꜥw1, jꜥy, jꜥ	active + .tj1, .tw2	jꜥ	jꜥy, jꜥ
imperfective	jꜥꜥ, jꜥꜥy, jꜥꜥw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	jꜥꜥ, jꜥꜥj6, jꜥꜥy6	jꜥꜥ, jꜥꜥw5
prospective	jꜥw1, jꜥy, jꜥ, jꜥtj7	—	jꜥwtj1 4, jꜥtj4, jꜥt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Derived terms

• jꜥw-r

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 190.