-jük
See also: juk, Juk, and -juk
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [jyk]
Etymology 1
Possessive suffix.
Suffix
-jük
- (possessive suffix) their (third-person plural, single possession)
- kert (“garden”) → a kertjük (“their garden”)
- érme (“coin”) → az érméjük (“their coin”)
Usage notes
- (possessive suffix) Variants:
- -uk is added to back vowel words ending in a consonant
- ház (“house”) → a házuk (“their house”)
- -ük is added to front vowel words ending in a consonant
- gyerek (“child”) → a gyerekük (“their child”)
- -juk is added to back vowel words ending either in a consonant or a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-.
- kar (“arm”) → a karjuk (“their arms”)
- hajó (“ship”) → a hajójuk (“their ship”)
- alma (“apple”) → az almájuk (“their apple”)
- -jük is added to front vowel words ending either in a consonant or a vowel. Final -e changes to -é-.
- kert (“garden”) → a kertjük (“their garden”)
- érme (“coin”) → az érméjük (“their coin”)
- -uk is added to back vowel words ending in a consonant
Declension
| Inflection (stem in -e-, front rounded harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -jük | — |
| accusative | -jüket | — |
| dative | -jüknek | — |
| instrumental | -jükkel | — |
| causal-final | -jükért | — |
| translative | -jükké | — |
| terminative | -jükig | — |
| essive-formal | -jükként | — |
| essive-modal | -jükül | — |
| inessive | -jükben | — |
| superessive | -jükön | — |
| adessive | -jüknél | — |
| illative | -jükbe | — |
| sublative | -jükre | — |
| allative | -jükhöz | — |
| elative | -jükből | — |
| delative | -jükről | — |
| ablative | -jüktől | — |
Etymology 2
Personal suffix.
Suffix
-jük
- (personal suffix) Used to form the first-person plural present tense of verbs (indicative mood, definite conjugation). The j assimilates to the final s, sz, z, dz.
- szeret (“to love”) → szeretjük (“we love something”)
- keres (“to seek”) → keressük (“we seek something, we are seeking something”)
Usage notes
- (personal suffix) See harmonic variants in the table below.
Present tense definite – personal endings
| Person | Back vowel | Front vowel | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | |||
| én | 1st person singular | -om | -em | -öm |
| te | 2nd person singular | -od | -ed | -öd |
| ő maga ön | 3rd person singular or formal 2nd person singular | -ja | -i | |
| mi | 1st person plural | -juk | -jük | |
| ti | 2nd person plural | -játok | -itek | |
| ők maguk önök | 3rd person plural or formal 2nd person plural | -ják | -ik | |
| én | 1st person singular subject with 2nd person object | -lak | -lek | |
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -alak | -elek | ||
See also
- Category:Hungarian noun forms
- Category:Hungarian verb forms
- Appendix:Hungarian possessive suffixes