joster
Old French
Alternative forms
- juster
- jouster
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *iuxtāre, from Latin iuxtā (“close to”). Compare Old Occitan jostar.
Verb
joster
- to joust (compete in a jousting tournament)
- to joust (in a battle)
- (figuratively) to battle; to compete
- circa 1170, Wace, Le Roman de Rou:
- La u Normanz durent joster
- There where the Normans had to fight
-
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-sts, *-stt are modified to z, st. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of joster (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | joster | avoir josté | |||||
| gerund | en jostant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | jostant | ||||||
| past participle | josté | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | jost | jostes | joste | jostons | jostez | jostent |
| imperfect | jostoie, josteie, jostoe, josteve | jostoies, josteies, jostoes, josteves | jostoit, josteit, jostot, josteve | jostiiens, jostiens | jostiiez, jostiez | jostoient, josteient, jostoent, jostevent | |
| preterite | jostai | jostas | josta | jostames | jostastes | josterent | |
| future | josterai | josteras | jostera | josterons | josteroiz, jostereiz, josterez | josteront | |
| conditional | josteroie, jostereie | josteroies, jostereies | josteroit, jostereit | josteriiens, josteriens | josteriiez, josteriez | josteroient, jostereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | jost | joz | jost | jostons | jostez | jostent |
| imperfect | jostasse | jostasses | jostast | jostissons, jostissiens | jostissoiz, jostissez, jostissiez | jostassent | |
| compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | joste | — | jostons | jostez | — | ||
Derived terms
- joste
Descendants
- English: joust (borrowed)
- French: jouter
- Italian: giostrare (borrowed)