jeûner
See also: jeuner and jeüner
French
Alternative forms
- jeuner (post-1990 spelling)
Etymology
From Old French jeüner, from Latin iēiūnāre, present active infinitive of iēiūnō, from Latin iēiūnus.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʒø.ne/
audio (file) - (Louisiana) IPA(key): /ʒœ̃.ne/
Verb
jeûner
- (intransitive) to fast; to go without food
Conjugation
Conjugation of jeûner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | jeûner | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | jeûnant /ʒø.nɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | jeûné /ʒø.ne/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | jeûne /ʒøn/ | jeûnes /ʒøn/ | jeûne /ʒøn/ | jeûnons /ʒø.nɔ̃/ | jeûnez /ʒø.ne/ | jeûnent /ʒøn/ |
| imperfect | jeûnais /ʒø.nɛ/ | jeûnais /ʒø.nɛ/ | jeûnait /ʒø.nɛ/ | jeûnions /ʒø.njɔ̃/ | jeûniez /ʒø.nje/ | jeûnaient /ʒø.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | jeûnai /ʒø.ne/ | jeûnas /ʒø.na/ | jeûna /ʒø.na/ | jeûnâmes /ʒø.nam/ | jeûnâtes /ʒø.nat/ | jeûnèrent /ʒø.nɛʁ/ | |
| future | jeûnerai /ʒøn.ʁe/ | jeûneras /ʒøn.ʁa/ | jeûnera /ʒøn.ʁa/ | jeûnerons /ʒøn.ʁɔ̃/ | jeûnerez /ʒøn.ʁe/ | jeûneront /ʒøn.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | jeûnerais /ʒøn.ʁɛ/ | jeûnerais /ʒøn.ʁɛ/ | jeûnerait /ʒøn.ʁɛ/ | jeûnerions /ʒø.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ | jeûneriez /ʒø.nə.ʁje/ | jeûneraient /ʒøn.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | jeûne /ʒøn/ | jeûnes /ʒøn/ | jeûne /ʒøn/ | jeûnions /ʒø.njɔ̃/ | jeûniez /ʒø.nje/ | jeûnent /ʒøn/ |
| imperfect2 | jeûnasse /ʒø.nas/ | jeûnasses /ʒø.nas/ | jeûnât /ʒø.na/ | jeûnassions /ʒø.na.sjɔ̃/ | jeûnassiez /ʒø.na.sje/ | jeûnassent /ʒø.nas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | jeûne /ʒøn/ | — | jeûnons /ʒø.nɔ̃/ | jeûnez /ʒø.ne/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
- à jeun
- déjeuner
- jeûne
- petit déjeuner
Further reading
- “jeûner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.