Jerusalem artichoke

English

Plant with flowers (1)

Tubers (2)

Etymology

Uncertain, possible corruption of Italian girasole articiocco (“sunflower artichoke”), with girasole mistaken for the word Jerusalem via folk etymology.[1]

Noun

Jerusalem artichoke (plural Jerusalem artichokes)

A variety of sunflower, Helianthus tuberosus, native to North America, having yellow flower heads and edible tubers.
The tuber of this plant, eaten as a vegetable.
Synonyms: earthapple, sunchoke

Synonyms

ground pear

Translations

plant and tuber

Abaza: шӏрыкӏва (čʼrəkʷʼa)
Abkhaz: аҷы́ркәа (ačʼə́rkʷʼa)
Adyghe: чӏырыкӏу (ĉʼərəkʷʼu)
Albanian: allme (sq) m
Armenian: գետնախնձոր (hy) (getnaxnjor)
Catalan: nyàmera f
Chinese:
Mandarin: 菊芋 (zh) (júyù), (informal) 洋薑／洋姜 (zh) (yángjiāng)
Cree: ᐊᔅᑭᐸᐤ (askipaw)
Czech: topinambur m
Danish: jordskok c
Dutch: aardpeer (nl) m
Esperanto: terpiro
Finnish: maa-artisokka (fi), mukula-artisokka (fi)
French: topinambour (fr) m
German: Topinambur (de) m
Greek: αγκινάρα της Ιερουσαλήμ f (agkinára tis Ierousalím)
Halkomelem: x̱áx̱ekw’
Hungarian: csicsóka (hu)
Icelandic: ætifífill m
Irish: bliosán gréine m
Italian: (plant and tuber) topinambur m
Japanese: 菊芋 (きくいも, kikuimo)
Kabardian: щӏэрыкӏуэ (śʼerəkʷʼe)
Korean: 뚱딴지 (ttungttanji)
Macedonian: шалган m (šalgan), (tuber) зимско јаболко n (zimsko jabolko), (plant) кртолест сончоглед m (krtolest sončogled)
Mazanderani: یارم مستی‎ (yâram-masti)
Norman: paithe dé tèrre f
Norwegian:
Bokmål: jordskokk m, jordartisjokk m
Occitan: giganta f, tartifla f, tartifle m, tòpi m
Ojibwe: ᑮᓯᓲᒌᐱᒃ giizisoojiibik, askiibwaan
Ossetian: дзиликъу (ʒilik’u) (Digor)
Ottoman Turkish: یر الماسی‎ (yer elması)
Persian: سیب‌زمینی ترشی‎ (sib-zamini-ye torši), شلغم فرنگی‎ (šalğam-e farangi)
Polish: topinambur (pl) m
Portuguese: tupinambor m, tupinambo m
Romanian: topinambur (ro) m, nap (ro) m, nap-porcesc m
Russian: топина́мбур (ru) m (topinámbur), земляна́я гру́ша f (zemljanája grúša)
Spanish: topinambur
Swedish: jordärtskocka (sv) c
Turkish: yer elması (tr)
Unami: hakialaipën
Vietnamese: cúc vu
Welsh: blodyn-yr-haul oddfog m

References

Smith, James Edward (1807), chapter 12, in An introduction to physiological and systematical botany: “A corruption, as I presume, of the Italian name Girasole Articiocco, sun-flower Artichoke, as the plant was first brought from Peru to Italy, and thence propagated throughout Europe.”