je
Albanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jɛ/
Verb
je
- second-person singular present indicative of jam
Bassa
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [dʒe]
Noun
je
- jealousy
- a kind of lizard
References
- Bassa-English Dictionary
- 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
Blagar
Noun
je
- canoe
References
- Antoinette Schapper, The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1 (2014), p. 173
Bourguignon
Alternative forms
- i (normal form)
Etymology
The traditional form is i but je is found as early as in the first recorded texts in Bourguignon. However nowadays, it is rare to find it, most speakers saying i as it is a typical feature of Bourguignon.
Pronoun
je
- (rare) Alternative form of i
Related terms
Number | Person | Gender | Nominative (subject) | Inversion | Reflexive | Accusative (direct complement) | Dative (indirect complement) | Disjunctive (tonic) | Locative (at) | Genitive (of) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | — | i (rarely je) | -je | me, m’ | moi | — | — | ||
Second | — | tu, t' | -tu | te, t’ | toi | — | — | |||
Third | Masculine | ai, before vowels el | -ti | se, s’ | le, l’ | lu | lu | y | en | |
Feminine | ale | la, l’ | lei | |||||||
Neuter | çai | -ce | çai | çai, çan | — | — | ||||
— | an | -an | — | — | soi | — | — | |||
Plural | First | — | i (rarely je) | -je | nos | — | — | |||
Second | — | vos | -vos | vos | — | — | ||||
Third | Masculine | ai, before vowels el | -ti | se, s’ | les | lor | lor | y | en | |
Feminine | ales |
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈjɛ]
audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɛ
Etymology 1
From Proto-Slavic *jь, *ja, *je, originally from Proto-Indo-European *eno-, *ono-, *no-.[cs 1]
Pronoun
je (personal pronoun, accusative case)
- third-person plural accusative of on
- third-person plural accusative of ona
- third-person singular accusative of ono
- third-person plural accusative of ono
See also
- ně
Etymology 2
Formerly jest, from Proto-Slavic *estь, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es-.[cs 1]
Verb
je
- third-person singular present indicative of být
References
- Rejzek, Jiří (2007) Český etymologický slovník (in Czech), Version 1.0 edition, Prague: Leda
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jə/
Audio (file)
Pronoun
je
- subjective unstressed form of jij (“you (singular)”)
- Wat doe je daar? ― What are you doing there?
- objective unstressed form of jij (“you (singular)”)
- Ik doe dit wel voor je. ― I'll do this for you.
- subjective unstressed form of jullie (“you (plural), y'all”)
- Wat doe je daar? ― What are you doing there?
- objective unstressed form of jullie (“you (plural), y'all”)
- Ik doe dit wel voor je. ― I'll do this for you.
Usage notes
- When je is the unstressed subjective form of jullie, it is construed with a singular verb. Compare:
- Het is gevaarlijk, maar jullie moeten weten wat je doet.
- It’s dangerous, but you must decide what you’re doing.
Inflection
subject | object | possessive | reflexive | genitive5 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | pred. | ||
1st person | ik | 'k1 | mij | me | mijn | m'n1 | mijne | me | mijner, mijns |
2nd person | jij | je | jou | je | jouw | je | jouwe | je | jouwer, jouws |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person masculine | hij | ie1 | hem | 'm1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
3rd person feminine | zij | ze | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | hare | zich | harer, haars |
3rd person neuter | het | 't1 | het | 't1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
plural | |||||||||
1st person | wij | we | ons | – | ons, onze2 | – | onze | ons | onzer, onzes |
2nd person | jullie | je | jullie | je | jullie | je | – | je | – |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal6 | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person | zij | ze | hen3, hun4 | ze | hun | – | hunne | zich | hunner, huns |
1) Not as common in written language. 2) Inflected as an adjective. 3) In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative). 4) In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative). | 5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions. 6) To differentiate from the singular gij, and in a similar vein to "you lot" or "you guys" in English, it is common to use gijlui ("you people") or gijlieden ("you people") or one of their contracted variants, and their corresponding objects, possessives and reflexives, in the plural. |
Descendants
- Jersey Dutch: je
Determiner
je (second person, possessive)
- possessive unstressed form of jij (“you (singular)”): your (singular)
- Neem je boek en maak die oefening. ― Take your book and do that exercise.
- possessive unstressed form of jullie (“you (plural), y'all”): your (plural), y'all's
- Neem je boeken en maak die oefening. ― Take your books and do that exercise.
Inflection
subject | object | possessive | reflexive | genitive5 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | pred. | ||
1st person | ik | 'k1 | mij | me | mijn | m'n1 | mijne | me | mijner, mijns |
2nd person | jij | je | jou | je | jouw | je | jouwe | je | jouwer, jouws |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person masculine | hij | ie1 | hem | 'm1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
3rd person feminine | zij | ze | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | hare | zich | harer, haars |
3rd person neuter | het | 't1 | het | 't1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
plural | |||||||||
1st person | wij | we | ons | – | ons, onze2 | – | onze | ons | onzer, onzes |
2nd person | jullie | je | jullie | je | jullie | je | – | je | – |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal6 | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person | zij | ze | hen3, hun4 | ze | hun | – | hunne | zich | hunner, huns |
1) Not as common in written language. 2) Inflected as an adjective. 3) In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative). 4) In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative). | 5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions. 6) To differentiate from the singular gij, and in a similar vein to "you lot" or "you guys" in English, it is common to use gijlui ("you people") or gijlieden ("you people") or one of their contracted variants, and their corresponding objects, possessives and reflexives, in the plural. |
Pronoun
je (second person, reflexive)
- reflexive of jij (“you (singular)”): yourself
- Heb je je gewassen? ― Did you wash yourself?
- reflexive of jullie (“you (plural), y'all”): yourselves
- Hebben jullie je goed voorbereid? ― Have you all prepared yourselves well?
Inflection
subject | object | possessive | reflexive | genitive5 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | pred. | ||
1st person | ik | 'k1 | mij | me | mijn | m'n1 | mijne | me | mijner, mijns |
2nd person | jij | je | jou | je | jouw | je | jouwe | je | jouwer, jouws |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person masculine | hij | ie1 | hem | 'm1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
3rd person feminine | zij | ze | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | hare | zich | harer, haars |
3rd person neuter | het | 't1 | het | 't1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
plural | |||||||||
1st person | wij | we | ons | – | ons, onze2 | – | onze | ons | onzer, onzes |
2nd person | jullie | je | jullie | je | jullie | je | – | je | – |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal6 | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person | zij | ze | hen3, hun4 | ze | hun | – | hunne | zich | hunner, huns |
1) Not as common in written language. 2) Inflected as an adjective. 3) In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative). 4) In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative). | 5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions. 6) To differentiate from the singular gij, and in a similar vein to "you lot" or "you guys" in English, it is common to use gijlui ("you people") or gijlieden ("you people") or one of their contracted variants, and their corresponding objects, possessives and reflexives, in the plural. |
Esperanto
Etymology
From German je (“ever, per”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [je]
- Audio:
(file) - Hyphenation: je
Preposition
je
- An all-purpose preposition.
Usage notes
The preposition je can replace any other preposition and remain grammatically correct, albeit more ambiguous. It is usually clear what meaning is intended based on context.
It is most useful for prepositional phrases not involving a literal physical connection, and instead, the correct preposition in the source language is mandated by convention only:
- "He bets on the horses." (He doesn't place his money on the physical body of the horse.)
- "I typed it on the computer." (It was actually typed using the computer.)
- "She'll be here in a minute." (She'll be here within or after a minute.)
Without context, Donu ĝin je mi could mean any of the following:
- Donu ĝin je [al] mi. — “Give it to me.”
- Donu ĝin je [el] mi. — “Give it from me.”
- Donu ĝin je [kun] mi. — “Give it with me.”
Without context, La kato saltis je la tablon could mean any of the following:
- La kato saltis je [sur] la tablon. — “The cat jumped onto the table.”
- La kato saltis je [malsuper] la tablon. — “The cat jumped under the table.”
- La kato saltis je [malantaŭ] la tablon. — “The cat jumped behind the table.”
Related terms
- je la tria
- je mia bedaŭro
Franco-Provençal
Alternative forms
- zhe, ze, i, yó, de
Etymology
Inherited from Vulgar Latin eo, from Latin ego.
Pronoun
je
- I (1SG subject pronoun)
References
- je in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
French
Etymology
Inherited from Old French je, jo, from Vulgar Latin eo, from Latin ego, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Near cognates include Spanish yo and Italian io. Further cognates include Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ), Russian я (ja), English I, German ich, etc.
See cognates in regional languages in France: Angevin, Bourbonnais-Berrichon, Gallo, Lorrain, Norman, Orléanais, Tourangeau, and Franco-Provençal je; Bourguignon je or i; Champenois ju; Franc-Comtois i; Picard ej; Poitevin-Saintongeais jhe; Occitan ieu (Gascon jo); Catalan jo; Corsican eo.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʒə/
- (informal) IPA(key): (before a voiced segment) /ʒ/, (before an unvoiced segment) /ʃ/
audio (file) - Rhymes: -ə
Pronoun
je (first person singular, plural nous, object me, emphatic moi, possessive determiner mon)
- I
Usage notes
- When several pronouns are included in the same sentence, it is considered impolite to say the pronoun je first; it must be the last one, and tu must be said after third persons (this applies also for toi and moi):
- Nous irons, Rose, toi et moi.
- We will go, Rose, you and I.
Derived terms
- j'
Related terms
Number | Person | Gender | Nominative (subject) | Accusative (direct complement) | Dative (indirect complement) | Locative (at) | Genitive (of) | Disjunctive (tonic) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | — | je, j’ | me, m’ | — | — | moi | |
Second | — | tu | te, t’ | — | — | toi | ||
Third | Masculine | il | le, l’ | lui | y | en | lui | |
Feminine | elle | la, l’ | elle | |||||
Indeterminate | on1 | — | — | — | — | — | ||
Reflexive | — | se, s’4 | — | — | soi4 | |||
Plural | First | — | nous | nous | — | — | nous | |
Second | — | vous2 | vous2,3 | — | — | vous2 | ||
Third | Masculine | ils3 | les | leur | y | en | eux3 | |
Feminine | elles | elles |
- 1 Also used as the first person plural.
- 2 Also used as the polite singular form.
- 3 Also used when a group has both men and women.
- 4 Also used as third person plural reflexive.
Further reading
- “je”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Garo
Etymology
Likely borrowed from Bengali যেই (ĵei)
Pronoun
je
- that which
- whatever
- whoever
References
- Burling, R. (2003) The Language of the Modhupur Mandi (Garo) Vol. II: The Lexicon, Bangladesh: University of Michigan, page 56
German
Etymology
Old High German io.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jeː/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -eː
- Homophone: jäh (regional)
Adverb
je
- ever
- 1930, Paul Joachimsen, Der Humanismus und die Entwicklung des deutschen Geistes, in: Deutsche Vierteljahrsschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Geistesgeschichte, 8, page 467:
- Und nun kommt die Reformation selbst. Die größte geistige Umwälzung, die je ein Volk des Abendlandes erlebt hat.
- And now comes the Reformation itself. The largest spiritual upheaval that was ever experienced by a nation of the Occident.
-
- per
- (with “desto”, “umso” or (dated) “je”) the
- je mehr, desto besser ― the more the better
- je früher, umso besser ― the sooner the better
Derived terms
- je länger je lieber (“the longer it lasts, the more I like it”)
- je nach
- je nachdem
Further reading
- “je” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- Friedrich Kluge (1883), “je”, in , John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
Haitian Creole
Etymology
From Saint Dominican Creole French z'yeu, from French les yeux (“the eyes”).
Noun
je
- eye
Synonyms
- zye
Icelandic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jɛː/
- Rhymes: -ɛː
Etymology 1
Shortening of Jesús (“Jesus”).
Interjection
je
- oh my!
Derived terms
- je minn eini
Etymology 2
From English yeah.
Interjection
je
- (slang, dated) yeah (indicating enthusiastic appreciation, etc.)
Noun
je n (genitive singular jes, nominative plural je)
- (obsolete) Name of the letter J, j.
Declension
n-s | singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | je | jeið | je | jein |
accusative | je | jeið | je | jein |
dative | jei | jeinu | jeum | jeunum |
genitive | jes | jesins | jea | jeanna |
Synonyms
- (name of J, j): joð
Ido
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʒe/, /ʒɛ/
Noun
je (plural je-i)
- The name of the Latin script letter J/j.
See also
- (Latin script letter names) litero; a, be, ce, che, de, e, fe, ge, he, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, pe, que, re, se, she, te, u, ve, we, xe, ye, ze (Category: io:Latin letter names)
Igbo
Alternative forms
- jee (Onitsha)
Verb
je
- go
- walk
Derived terms
- ije
Jersey Dutch
Alternative forms
- jāi
Etymology
From Dutch je.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jə/
Pronoun
je
- you (second-person singular subjective personal pronoun)
Lashi
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /d͡ʑe/
Adverb
je
- more (comparative)
References
- Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid, Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)
Lower Sorbian
Alternative forms
- nje (after a preposition)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jɛ/
Pronoun
je
- accusative of wóni
Marshallese
Etymology
From Proto-Micronesian *tia, from Proto-Oceanic *tian, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tian, from Proto-Austronesian *tiaN.
Pronunciation
- (phonetic) IPA(key): [tʲe]
- (phonemic) IPA(key): /tʲej/
- Bender phonemes: {jȩy}
Noun
je
- abdomen
- stomach
- innard
References
- Marshallese–English Online Dictionary
Mbyá Guaraní
Particle
je
- indicates hearsay or indirect source of information.
- Mboapy'ije oo jepe raka'e.
- It is said that few could escape.
Middle French
Pronoun
je
- Alternative form of ie
Middle Low German
Pronunciation
- Stem vowel: ê⁴
- (originally) IPA(key): /jeː/
Pronoun
jê
- Alternative form of gî.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
Borrowed from Old East Norse jak.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jeː/, /jɛː/, /jæː/
Pronoun
je (accusative meg or (dialectal) me)
- (pre-1938 or dialectal) alternative form of eg (“I”)
See also
person | first person | second person | reflexive | third person | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
case | singular | singular masculine | singular feminine | singular neuter | ||
nominative | eg, je1 | du | han | ho | det, dat2 | |
accusative | meg | deg | seg | han, honom2 | ho, henne2 | det, dat2 |
dative2 | meg | deg | seg | honom | henne | di2 |
genitive | min | din | sin | hans | hennar, hennes1 | dess3 |
case | plural | |||||
nominative | me, vi | de, dokker | dei | |||
accusative | oss, okk | dykk, dokker | seg | dei, deim2 | ||
dative | oss, okk | dykk, dokker | seg | deim2 | ||
genitive | vår, okkar | dykkar, dokkar | sin | deira, deires1 |
Old French
Alternative forms
- jo, jeo, jou, ge
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin eo, from Latin ego.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (early) /d͡ʒə/
- IPA(key): (late) /ʒə/
Pronoun
je
- I
- circa 1176, Chrétien de Troyes, Cligès:
- qant je vos voi de tel meniere
- when I see you in such a state
-
Descendants
- Bourguignon: i, je
- Gallo: je
- Lorrain: i, idj, jge, dje, jé
- Middle French: ie, je, i', j'
- French: je, j'
- Norman: je
- Picard: ej, jou
- Walloon: dji
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jɛ/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɛ
- Syllabification: je
Pronoun
je
- accusative of one
- accusative of ono
See also
- Appendix:Polish pronouns
Verb
je
- third-person singular present indicative of jeść
Verb
je
- (colloquial) third-person singular present indicative of być
Saterland Frisian
Etymology
From Old Frisian jē, from Proto-West Germanic *jā. Cognates include West Frisian ja and German ja. Doublet of jee and jä.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jə/
- Hyphenation: je
- Rhymes: -ə
Particle
je
- Used to intensify a statement to express it is a known fact; obviously, of course
References
- Marron C. Fort (2015), “je”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /je/
Etymology 1
Shortened from jȅst (“is”).
Verb
je ? (Cyrillic spelling је)
- is (clitic third-person singular present of bȉti (“to be”))
Pronoun
je (Cyrillic spelling је)
- of her (clitic genitive singular of òna (“she”))
- to her (clitic accusative singular of òna (“she”))
Declension
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
nominative | ȏn | òna | òno | òni | òne | òna |
genitive | njȅga, ga | njȇ, je | njȅga, ga | njȋh, ih | njȋh, ih | njȋh, ih |
dative | njȅmu, mu | njȏj, joj | njȅmu, mu | njȉma, im | njȉma, im | njȉma, im |
accusative | njȅga, ga, nj | njȗ, ju, je | njȅga, ga, nj | njȋh, ih | njȋh, ih | njȋh, ih |
vocative | — | — | — | — | — | — |
locative | njȅm, njȅmu | njȏj | njȅm, njȅmu | njȉma | njȉma | njȉma |
instrumental | njȋm, njíme | njȏm, njóme | njȋm, njíme | njȉma | njȉma | njȉma |
Slovak
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [je]
Verb
je
- third-person singular of byť
- third-person singular of jesť
Slovene
Pronunciation 1
- IPA(key): /jɛ́/
Verb
jȅ
- third-person singular present of bíti
Pronunciation 2
- IPA(key): /jèː/
Verb
jẹ́
- third-person singular present of jẹ́sti
Swahili
Pronunciation
Audio (Kenya) (file)
Particle
je
- well? now? (used to call attention to a question)
Usage notes
Je precedes the question, and is more commonly used in writing (to supplement for what is usually conveyed by tone of voice in speech).
Adverb
-je
- A clitic placed at the end of a verb, meaning how.
- umelalaje?
- how did you sleep?
- umelalaje?
Ternate
Etymology
Clipping of waje.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /d͡ʒe/
Conjunction
je
- Alternative form of waje (“complementizer, that”)
- ana iwaje je kolano osone ― they say that the king is dead
References
- Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
Turkish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʒe/
Noun
je (definite accusative jeyi, plural jeler)
- The name of the Latin-script letter J.
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) harf; a, be, ce, çe, de, e, fe, ge, yumuşak ge, he, ı, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, ö, pe, re, se, şe, te, u, ü, ve, ye, ze
Turkmen
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /d͡ʒe/
Noun
je (definite accusative jeni, plural jeler)
- The name of the Latin-script letter J.
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | je | jeler |
accusative | jäni | jeleri |
genitive | jäniň | jeleriň |
dative | jä | jelere |
locative | jede | jelerde |
ablative | jeden | jelerden |
Welsh
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dʒeː/
Noun
je f (plural jeau, not mutable)
- The name of the Latin-script letter J.
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) llythyren; a, bi, ec, èch, di, èdd, e, èf, èff, èg, eng, aetsh, i / i dot, je, ce, el, èll, em, en, o, pi, ffi, ciw, er, rhi, ès, ti, èth, u / u bedol, fi, w, ecs, y, sèd
West Makian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈd͡ʒe/
Numeral
je
- attaches to pronouns to form the dual
- ini je ― you two
- eme je ― they two
References
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours, Pacific linguistics
Westrobothnian
Alternative forms
- i, ji, jä, gje
Etymology
From Old Norse ér, from a variant of Proto-Germanic *jūz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɟéː], [ʝéː], [ʝíː]
Pronoun
je c pl (accusative je, dative jerom, possessive masculine jeern, feminine jera, neuter jere)
- (personal) you (second person plural)
- gev e ått fåren jere
- give it to that sheep of yours
- annäjerä
- either of you
- (formal) you
Declension
number | first person | second person | reflexive | third person | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
case | singular | singular masculine | singular feminine | singular neuter | ||
nominative | jig, jeg, jög | du, döu | hɑnn, hånn | hu, ho, hon | he | |
accusative | meg | deg | seg | hana, na, a, hänner | he, ne, e | |
dative | meg (me) | deg (de) | seg (se) | hönöm, hano, håno | hannar, hänner, hennar, henar, nar | dy, dyij, di |
genitive | min, myin | din, dyin | sin, syin | hɑnʃ, hansches, hånsch | hannars, hännars, hennars, henars | diss |
case | plural | plural masculine | plural feminine | plural neuter | ||
nominative | ve | ge, je, ji | de, di, dȯm, dem, döm | |||
accusative | ass, åss | ge, je, ji | seg | |||
dative | ass, åss | gerom, irom | seg (se) | dȯm, dem, döm, do | ||
genitive | vor, wȯhn, våor, vånn, voden | jera, jänn, jern, iden, jedar, idar | sin, syin | dern, dera, däris, daires | dera, däris, daires | derä |