invitus
Esperanto
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Verb
invitus
- conditional of inviti
Latin
Etymology
Uncertain:
- Some refer it to Proto-Indo-European *weḱ- (“to will”), thus "unwilling". Cognate with Ancient Greek ἑκών (hekṓn), ἀέκων (aékōn);
- Some refer it to *weyh₁-.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /inˈu̯iː.tus/, [ɪnˈu̯iːt̪ʊs̠]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /inˈvi.tus/, [iɱˈviːt̪us]
Adjective
invītus (feminine invīta, neuter invītum, superlative invītissimus); first/second-declension adjective
- unwilling, reluctant, against one’s will, in spite of me, without my consent
- Antonyms: intentus, prōmptus, intēnsus
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.851-852:
- ōsculaque adplicuit positō suprēma feretrō
atque ait ‘invītō frāter adēmptē, valē!’- And he gave the final kisses, with the bier having been set down, and he said: ‘‘My brother, having been taken against my will, farewell!’’
(Romulus and Remus: In Ovid’s version, Romulus grieves the death of Remus who has been killed by Celer (builder).)
- And he gave the final kisses, with the bier having been set down, and he said: ‘‘My brother, having been taken against my will, farewell!’’
- ōsculaque adplicuit positō suprēma feretrō
Declension
First/second-declension adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | invītus | invīta | invītum | invītī | invītae | invīta | |
Genitive | invītī | invītae | invītī | invītōrum | invītārum | invītōrum | |
Dative | invītō | invītō | invītīs | ||||
Accusative | invītum | invītam | invītum | invītōs | invītās | invīta | |
Ablative | invītō | invītā | invītō | invītīs | |||
Vocative | invīte | invīta | invītum | invītī | invītae | invīta |
Descendants
- Italo-Romance:
- Old Neapolitan: invito
- Padanian:
- Old Ligurian: invio
- ⇒ Ligurian: mainviu, morenviu (male + invitus)
- Old Lombard: invito, ⇒ a invidho
- Lombard: inevit, inevida, inivida, nivida, invida, innevida, invit, navit, nivit ⇒ de nivit
- ⇒ Piedmontese: maravi, maranvi, malanvi (male 'badly' + invitus)
- Romansch: nuidas, nuidis, ivigdas, invidas
- Old Ligurian: invio
- Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Lorrain: evi
- Old French: envis ⇒ a envis
- → Sicilian: ammittsi
- Picard: anvis
- Walloon: evi
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Old Catalan: envides
- Old Occitan: envitz
- Ibero-Romance:
- Old Portuguese: envidos ⇒ anvidos (a + envidos)
- ⇒ Old Spanish: ambidos, amidos
References
- “invitus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “invitus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- invitus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911), “invitus”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 327
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “ĭnvītus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 4: G H I, page 803