intestinus
Latin
Etymology
The first element from inter (“between”) (so De Vaan 2008) or intus (“within; inwards”) (so WH 1938), both from Proto-Indo-European *h₁én (“in”) - cf. in (“in”), interior (“inner”), intrā (“on the inside, within”); the second element represents a compound with Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“stand”) (Latin stō): zero-grade extended by -i-, or e-grade with later remodelling after -īnus (so De Vaan); or is a chaining of the suffixes *-tyo- and *-nós (so WH). Compare internus, without the middle element.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /in.tesˈtiː.nus/, [ɪn̪t̪ɛs̠ˈt̪iːnʊs̠]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /in.tesˈti.nus/, [in̪t̪esˈt̪iːnus]
Adjective
intestīnus (feminine intestīna, neuter intestīnum); first/second-declension adjective
- internal in various senses, namely:
- (occurring within a state) civic, domestic, internal
- (peculiar to the individual) individual, personal, private
- (of or affecting the internal organs) internal, inward
- (mare ~um) the Mediterranean Sea
- (opus ~um) (also alone) interior woodwork, joinery
- (occurring within a state) civic, domestic, internal
Declension
First/second-declension adjective.
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | intestīnus | intestīna | intestīnum | intestīnī | intestīnae | intestīna | |
| Genitive | intestīnī | intestīnae | intestīnī | intestīnōrum | intestīnārum | intestīnōrum | |
| Dative | intestīnō | intestīnō | intestīnīs | ||||
| Accusative | intestīnum | intestīnam | intestīnum | intestīnōs | intestīnās | intestīna | |
| Ablative | intestīnō | intestīnā | intestīnō | intestīnīs | |||
| Vocative | intestīne | intestīna | intestīnum | intestīnī | intestīnae | intestīna | |
Derived terms
- intestīnum (“innards”)
- intestīnārius (“joiner”, adj. and subst.)
References
- “intestīnus” on page 1046 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “intestīnus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 307
- Walde, Alois; Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1938–1954), “intestīnus”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, Heidelberg: Carl Winter
Further reading
- “intestinus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “intestinus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- intestinus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) a civil war: bellum intestinum, domesticum (opp. bellum externum)
- (ambiguous) a civil war: bellum intestinum, domesticum (opp. bellum externum)
- intestinus in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016