inculcar
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin inculcāre.
Verb
inculcar (first-person singular present inculco, first-person singular preterite inculquei, past participle inculcado)
- (transitive) to drill; to inculcate (to teach by repeated instruction)
Conjugation
Conjugation of inculcar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | inculcar | |||||
Personal | inculcar | inculcares | inculcar | inculcarmos | inculcardes | inculcarem |
Gerund | ||||||
inculcando | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | inculcado | inculcados | ||||
Feminine | inculcada | inculcadas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | inculco | inculcas | inculca | inculcamos | inculcais | inculcam |
Imperfect | inculcava | inculcavas | inculcava | inculcávamos | inculcáveis | inculcavam |
Preterite | inculquei | inculcaste | inculcou | inculcamos1, inculcámos2 | inculcastes | inculcaram |
Pluperfect | inculcara | inculcaras | inculcara | inculcáramos | inculcáreis | inculcaram |
Future | inculcarei | inculcarás | inculcará | inculcaremos | inculcareis | inculcarão |
Conditional | ||||||
inculcaria | inculcarias | inculcaria | inculcaríamos | inculcaríeis | inculcariam | |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | inculque | inculques | inculque | inculquemos | inculqueis | inculquem |
Imperfect | inculcasse | inculcasses | inculcasse | inculcássemos | inculcásseis | inculcassem |
Future | inculcar | inculcares | inculcar | inculcarmos | inculcardes | inculcarem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | inculca | inculque | inculquemos | inculcai | inculquem | |
Negative (não) | não inculques | não inculque | não inculquemos | não inculqueis | não inculquem |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin inculcāre, present active infinitive of inculcō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /inkulˈkaɾ/ [ĩŋ.kulˈkaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: in‧cul‧car
Verb
inculcar (first-person singular present inculco, first-person singular preterite inculqué, past participle inculcado)
- (transitive) to instill, inculcate (in), drum (review to establish memorization)
Conjugation
Conjugation of inculcar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive | inculcar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | inculcando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | inculcado | inculcada | |||||
plural | inculcados | inculcadas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | inculco | inculcastú inculcásvos | inculca | inculcamos | inculcáis | inculcan | |
imperfect | inculcaba | inculcabas | inculcaba | inculcábamos | inculcabais | inculcaban | |
preterite | inculqué | inculcaste | inculcó | inculcamos | inculcasteis | inculcaron | |
future | inculcaré | inculcarás | inculcará | inculcaremos | inculcaréis | inculcarán | |
conditional | inculcaría | inculcarías | inculcaría | inculcaríamos | inculcaríais | inculcarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | inculque | inculquestú inculquésvos2 | inculque | inculquemos | inculquéis | inculquen | |
imperfect (ra) | inculcara | inculcaras | inculcara | inculcáramos | inculcarais | inculcaran | |
imperfect (se) | inculcase | inculcases | inculcase | inculcásemos | inculcaseis | inculcasen | |
future1 | inculcare | inculcares | inculcare | inculcáremos | inculcareis | inculcaren | |
imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
affirmative | inculcatú inculcávos | inculque | inculquemos | inculcad | inculquen | ||
negative | no inculques | no inculque | no inculquemos | no inculquéis | no inculquen |
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of inculcar (c-qu alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive inculcar | |||||||
dative | inculcarme | inculcarte | inculcarle, inculcarse | inculcarnos | inculcaros | inculcarles, inculcarse | |
accusative | inculcarme | inculcarte | inculcarlo, inculcarla, inculcarse | inculcarnos | inculcaros | inculcarlos, inculcarlas, inculcarse | |
with gerund inculcando | |||||||
dative | inculcándome | inculcándote | inculcándole, inculcándose | inculcándonos | inculcándoos | inculcándoles, inculcándose | |
accusative | inculcándome | inculcándote | inculcándolo, inculcándola, inculcándose | inculcándonos | inculcándoos | inculcándolos, inculcándolas, inculcándose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative inculca | |||||||
dative | incúlcame | incúlcate | incúlcale | incúlcanos | not used | incúlcales | |
accusative | incúlcame | incúlcate | incúlcalo, incúlcala | incúlcanos | not used | incúlcalos, incúlcalas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative inculcá | |||||||
dative | inculcame | inculcate | inculcale | inculcanos | not used | inculcales | |
accusative | inculcame | inculcate | inculcalo, inculcala | inculcanos | not used | inculcalos, inculcalas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative inculque | |||||||
dative | incúlqueme | not used | incúlquele, incúlquese | incúlquenos | not used | incúlqueles | |
accusative | incúlqueme | not used | incúlquelo, incúlquela, incúlquese | incúlquenos | not used | incúlquelos, incúlquelas | |
with first-person plural imperative inculquemos | |||||||
dative | not used | inculquémoste | inculquémosle | inculquémonos | inculquémoos | inculquémosles | |
accusative | not used | inculquémoste | inculquémoslo, inculquémosla | inculquémonos | inculquémoos | inculquémoslos, inculquémoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative inculcad | |||||||
dative | inculcadme | not used | inculcadle | inculcadnos | inculcaos | inculcadles | |
accusative | inculcadme | not used | inculcadlo, inculcadla | inculcadnos | inculcaos | inculcadlos, inculcadlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative inculquen | |||||||
dative | incúlquenme | not used | incúlquenle | incúlquennos | not used | incúlquenles, incúlquense | |
accusative | incúlquenme | not used | incúlquenlo, incúlquenla | incúlquennos | not used | incúlquenlos, incúlquenlas, incúlquense |
Further reading
- “inculcar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014