ikara
Kikuyu
Etymology 1
From Proto-Bantu *-kádā.[1]
Hinde (1904) records makarra as an equivalent of English charcoal in “Jogowini dialect” of Kikuyu, listing also Kamba makaa and Swahili makaa ya miti as its equivalent.[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ìkàɾáꜜ/[1]
- As for Tonal Class, Benson (1964) classifies this term into Class 3 with a disyllabic stem, together with kĩhaato, mbembe, kiugo, and so on.
- (Kiambu) Yukawa (1981, 1985) classifies this term into a group including rũrĩmĩ, maguta, mũrume, mbũri, itimũ, mũthia, mũiko, riũa, ndinoho, mbembe, kĩhaato, kĩheeo, ũhoro (pl. mohoro), rĩĩhia, rĩũmba, and so on.[3]
Noun
ikara class 5 (plural makara)
- (chiefly in plural) charcoal
Verb
ikara (infinitive gũikara)
- to sit[4][5]
- to stay, to remain[4][6]
- to dwell[4]
Derived terms
(Nouns)
- mũikari class 1
- njikarĩro class 9/10
See also
- (to dwell): gũtũũra
References
- Clements, George N. and Kevin C. Ford (1979). "Kikuyu Tone Shift and Its Synchronic Consequences", p. 187. In Linguistic Inquiry, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 179–210.
- Hinde, Hildegarde (1904). Vocabularies of the Kamba and Kikuyu languages of East Africa, pp. 12–13. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Yukawa, Yasutoshi (1981). "A Tentative Tonal Analysis of Kikuyu Nouns: A Study of Limuru Dialect." In Journal of Asian and African Studies, No. 22, 75–123.
- Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 361. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).
- Barlow, A. Ruffell (1960). Studies in Kikuyu Grammar and Idiom, pp. 45, 204.
- Barlow, op. cit., p. 34.