ienuarius

Latin

Etymology

From iānuārius, reflecting a sporadic tendency for /j/ to raise a following /a(ː)/ to /e/. Compare the similar change from iactō to iectō. ⟨ienuarius⟩, and other inflections thereof, is common in Imperial inscriptions.[1]

Pronunciation

(Proto-Romance) IPA^(key): /jenˈwarʲʊs/

Noun

ienuārius m (genitive ienuāriī or ienuārī); second declension (Late Latin)

January

Inflection

Second-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ienuārius	ienuāriī
Genitive	ienuāriī ienuārī¹	ienuāriōrum
Dative	ienuāriō	ienuāriīs
Accusative	ienuārium	ienuāriōs
Ablative	ienuāriō	ienuāriīs
Vocative	ienuārie	ienuāriī

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Descendants

Italo-Romance:
- Corsican: ghjennaghju, ghjinnaghju
- Italian: gennaio
- Neapolitan: jennaro, iennaro, gennàio
  Tarantino: scennare
- Sicilian: jinnaru
North-Italian:
- Friulian: Genâr, Zenâr
- Ladin: jené
- Gallo-Italic:
  - Emilian: znêr
  - Ligurian: zenâ, znè
  - Lombard: zenèr, giner
    Alpine: gianej
  - Piedmontese: gené, genè, znè
- Venetian: xenaro
  - → Cimbrian: djenaro, genaaro
Gallo-Romance:
- Anglo-Norman: jenever
  - → Middle English: Ieneuer
Occitano-Romance:
- Aragonese: chiner, chinero, chinere
- Catalan: gener, giner
- Gascon: gèr
- Occitan: genièr, genèr, genier
Ibero-Romance:
- Extremaduran: eneru, heneru
- Old Leonese: jenero, jeneyro
  - Asturian: xineru
  - Leonese: xineiru
- Old Spanish: enero, jenero
  - Spanish: enero
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: gennàrgiu, gennaxu, bennarzu

References

Grandgent, Charles Hall. 1907. An introduction to Vulgar Latin. Boston: D.C. Heath & Co. Page 96.

Grandgent 1907: 96

[1] Grandgent 1907: 96