idem
English
Etymology
From Middle English idem, borrowed from Latin idem (“the same”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɪ.dɛm/, /ˈaɪ.dɛm/
Pronoun
idem
- The same.
Usage notes
Used almost exclusively in footnotes of academic or scholarly papers, especially those of the legal profession, to indicate that the source or author referred to in a footnote is the same as in the preceding footnote; usually abbreviated when so used.
Derived terms
- id. or id
- idempotence, idempotent
See also
- ditto
Further reading
idem on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Anagrams
- Demi, Diem, Dime, IMed, demi, demi-, dime, meid
Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Adverb
idem
- idem, ditto
Anagrams
- meid
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin idem.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /i.dɛm/
Audio (file)
Adverb
idem
- idem, likewise
- Synonym: id.
- 1968, Serge Gainsbourg (music), “Requiem pour un con”, performed by Serge Gainsbourg:
- Pour moi c'est idem / Que ça te plaise ou non / J'te l'rejoue quand même / Pauvre con
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- pour moi c'est idem ― it's all the same to me
Further reading
- “idem”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
- demi, dîme
Indonesian
Etymology
Unadapted borrowing from Dutch idem, from Latin idem (“the same”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɪ.dəm/, /ˈɪ.dɛm/
Pronoun
idem
- idem
Derived terms
- idem ditto
Further reading
- “idem” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Anagrams
- demi
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈi.dem/[1]
- Rhymes: -idem
- Hyphenation: ì‧dem
Adverb
idem
- ditto, and so, likewise, also
Pronoun
idem
- ditto, the same
References
- idem in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
Anagrams
- dime, medi
Latin
Alternative forms
- eidem (frequently in manuscripts and inscriptions)
- isdem, eisdem (rarely)[1]
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *izdim; equivalent to is (“he”) + Proto-Italic *-im (emphatic marker) (whence Sabellic *-om, Oscan 𐌝𐌔𐌝𐌃𐌖𐌌 (ísídum), 𐌄𐌔𐌝𐌃𐌖𐌌 (esídum)), from Proto-Indo-European *im (whence also Old Latin im, em), accusative singular of *éy (so both parts are from the same source). The s was lost and the i lengthened by compensatory lengthening.[2]
When the ablative cases eōd, eād became eō, eā, the true forms eōd-em, eād-em were interpreted as eō-dem, eā-dem. The neuter nominative singular id-em is natural and gives earlier emem (= later eundem). The new marker -dem then served to create totidem, tantumdem, ibīdem, etc. Compare tam-en with its later doublet: tan-dem (← *tam-dem).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈiː.dem/, [ˈiːd̪ɛ̃ˑ]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈi.dem/, [ˈiːd̪em]
Pronoun
īdem (feminine eadem, neuter idem); demonstrative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion
- the same
- 29 bc. Virgil. Georgics, III
- amor omnibus īdem
- Love is the same for all
- amor omnibus īdem
- 29 bc. Virgil. Georgics, III
Declension
Irregular declension. Similar to the declension of is, ea, id.Demonstrative pronoun (with m optionally → n in compounds) with an indeclinable portion.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | īdem | eadem | idem | īdem1 | eaedem | eadem | |
Genitive | eiusdem | eōrundem eōrundem eōrumdem | eārundem eārundem eārumdem | eōrundem eōrundem eōrumdem | |||
Dative | eidem2 ēīdem | īsdem1 iīsdem eīsdem | |||||
Accusative | eundem eundem eumdem | eandem eandem eamdem | idem | eōsdem | eāsdem | eadem | |
Ablative | eōdem | eādem | eōdem | īsdem1 iīsdem eīsdem |
1The nom./dat./abl. plural forms regularly developed into a monosyllable /iː(s)/, with later remodelling - compare the etymology of deus. This /iː/ was normally spelled as EI during and as II after the Republic; a disyllabic iī, spelled II, Iꟾ, apears in Silver Age poetry, while disyllabic eīs is only post-Classical. Other spellings include EEI(S), EIEI(S), IEI(S).
2The dat. singular is found spelled EIEI (here represented as ēī) and scanned as two longs in Plautus, but also as a monosyllable. The latter is its normal scansion in Classical. Other spellings include EEI, IEI.
Derived terms
- identidem
- identitās (see there for further derivatives)
Related terms
type | interrogative | indefinite | (medial) demonstrative | proximal demonstrative | distal demonstrative | relative | indefinite relative | identity | other |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
basic | quis, quī | quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quisque, quisquam, aliquisquam, quispiam, ūllus | is, iste, istic | hic | ille, illic | quī | quisquis, quīcumque | ipse, īdem | alter, alius |
dual | uter | alteruter, uterque | uter | utercumque | |||||
number | quot | aliquot | tot | quot | quotquot, quotcumque | totidem | |||
order | quotus | totus | quotus | quotuscumque | |||||
quantity | quam | aliquam | tam | quam | †quamquam | †tamen, †tandem | |||
size | quantus | aliquantus | tantus | quantus | quantuscumque | tantusdem | |||
quality | quālis | aliquālis | tālis | quālis | quālis, quāliscumque | ||||
manner | ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum | utique, quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō | ita, sic, eō/istō modō | hōc modō | illō modō | ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum | utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque | item, itidem | aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō |
method, path, place | quā | aliquā, quāque | eā, istāc | hāc | illāc | quā | quāquā, quācumque | eādem | aliā |
place | ubi | alicubi, ubique, usquam, uspiam | ibi, istic | hīc | illīc | ubi | ubiubi, ubicumque | ibidem | alibī, aliās |
source | unde | alicunde, undeunde | inde, istinc | hinc | illinc | unde | undecumque | indidem | aliunde |
destination | quō, quōrsum | aliquō, quōquam, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum | eō, istūc, °istōrsum | hūc, °hōrsum | illūc, °illōrsum | quō | quōquō, quōcumque | eōdem | aliō, aliorsum |
time | quandō | quondam, aliquandō, quandōque, umquam | tum, tunc | num, nunc | ōlim | cum, quandō | cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque | simul | aliās |
exact time | quota hōra | ea/ista hōra | hac hōra | illa hōra | quota hōra | quotacumque hōra | eadem hōra | altera/alia hōra | |
repetition | quotiēns | aliquotiēns | totiēns | quotiēns | quotiēnscumque | ||||
multiplication | quotuplex | totuplex | quotuplex | ||||||
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated ° Rare |
References
- “idem”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “idem”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- idem in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to hold the same views: idem sentire (opp. dissentire ab aliquo)
- to agree with a person: consentire, idem sentire cum aliquo
- to have the same meaning: idem valere, significare, declarare
- synonyms: vocabula idem fere declarantia
- to have the same political opinions: idem de re publica sentire
- to hold the same views: idem sentire (opp. dissentire ab aliquo)
- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- “idem”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “-dem”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 166
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈi.dẽj̃/ [ˈi.dẽɪ̯̃]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈi.dɐ̃j̃/ [ˈi.ðɐ̃j̃]
- (Central Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈi.dẽj̃/ [ˈi.ðẽj̃]
- (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈi.dẽj̃/ [ˈi.ðẽj̃]
Pronoun
idem
- (demonstrative) idem, ditto (the aforesaid, the same)
Romanian
Etymology
From Latin idem.
Adverb
idem
- idem
Serbo-Croatian
Verb
idem (Cyrillic spelling идем)
- first-person singular present of ići