-id
See also: Appendix:Variations of "id"
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɪd/
Etymology 1
Variant of -oid.
Suffix
-id
- (not productive except in zoology) of or pertaining to; appended to various foreign words to make an English adjective or noun form. Often added to words of Greek, sometimes Latin, origin.
- Europe + -id → Europid
- negro + -id → negrid
- Synonyms: -al, -an, -ar, -ese, -ic, -ish, -like, -oid, -ory, -ous, -y
Etymology 2
From Middle French -ide (like also English -ide), French -ide, and their sources, Latin -id-, -is and Ancient Greek -ῐδ- (-id-), -ῐς (-is).
Suffix
-id
- (botany) Forming nouns from Latin or Greek roots, including certain plant names modelled on Latin sources.
- (astronomy) Forming common names of meteors from their apparent constellation of origin.
- The Perseid meteor shower's radiant is in the constellation of Perseus.
- (zoology) Forming common names of members of a taxon which has a name ending in -idae.
- A felid is a member of Felidae.
- (dentistry, paleontology) Forming names of dental features found in lower (mandibular) teeth.
- protocone (“cusp of an upper molar”) + -id → protoconid (“equivalent for lower molars”)
- (historical) Forming the names of certain dynasties of Asia and Africa, being suffixed to the name of their progenitors and meaning "descendant(s) of".
- Solomon → Solomonid, Umayya → Umayyad, Idris → Idrisid, Genghis Khan → Genghisid, Ismail Safavi → Safavid
See also
English terms suffixed with -id
Anagrams
- DI, Di, dI, di, di-
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [id]
- Rhymes: -id
Etymology 1
-i (possessive plural) + -d (second-person singular personal suffix)
Suffix
-id
- (possessive suffix) your ... -s (second-person singular informal, multiple possessions)
- kapu (“gate”) + -id → a kapuid (“your gates”)
- palota (“palace”) + -id → a palotáid (“your palaces”)
- érme (“coin”) + -id → az érméid (“your coins”)
Usage notes
- (possessive suffix) Variants:
- -id is added to words ending in a vowel except -i. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
- -aid is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -eid is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -jaid is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i
- -jeid is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i
Declension
For back vowel words:
| Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -id | — |
| accusative | -idat | — |
| dative | -idnak | — |
| instrumental | -iddal | — |
| causal-final | -idért | — |
| translative | -iddá | — |
| terminative | -idig | — |
| essive-formal | -idként | — |
| essive-modal | -idul | — |
| inessive | -idban | — |
| superessive | -idon | — |
| adessive | -idnál | — |
| illative | -idba | — |
| sublative | -idra | — |
| allative | -idhoz | — |
| elative | -idból | — |
| delative | -idról | — |
| ablative | -idtól | — |
| non-attributive possessive - singular | -idé | — |
| non-attributive possessive - plural | -idéi | — |
For front vowel words:
| Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -id | — |
| accusative | -idet | — |
| dative | -idnek | — |
| instrumental | -iddel | — |
| causal-final | -idért | — |
| translative | -iddé | — |
| terminative | -idig | — |
| essive-formal | -idként | — |
| essive-modal | -idül | — |
| inessive | -idben | — |
| superessive | -iden | — |
| adessive | -idnél | — |
| illative | -idbe | — |
| sublative | -idre | — |
| allative | -idhez | — |
| elative | -idből | — |
| delative | -idről | — |
| ablative | -idtől | — |
| non-attributive possessive - singular | -idé | — |
| non-attributive possessive - plural | -idéi | — |
Suffix
-id
- (chemistry) -ide (indicating a binary compound)
Derived terms
Hungarian nouns suffixed with -id
See also
- Category:Hungarian noun forms
- Appendix:Hungarian possessive suffixes
Manx
Etymology
From Old Irish -id, from Proto-Celtic *-īti from Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti.
Suffix
-id m
- Agent suffix
- slane (“whole, entire”) + -id → slanid (“entirety, totality”)
Derived terms
Manx terms suffixed with -id
Northern Sami
Etymology
From Proto-Samic *-jtē, originally the partitive/ablative plural form. Cognate with the Finnish partitive plural -ja, -ia, -ita.
The genitive plural originally had the ending -i, from Proto-Samic *-j. It was eliminated in favour of the accusative ending by analogy with the singular, where these cases fell together naturally.
Suffix
-id
- The ending of the accusative and genitive plural.
Usage notes
- This suffix triggers the weak grade on a preceding stressed syllable.
Ojibwe
Suffix
-id
- A suffix denoting the third-person singular to first-person singular conjunct form of a transitive animate verb (vta)
Old Irish
Alternative forms
- -aid (broad variant)
- -ith
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iðʲ/
Suffix
-id m
- Forms a noun of agency.
- from verb or verbal noun
- serc (“love”) + -id → sercaid (“lover”)
- from noun
- mucc (“pig”) + -id → muccaid (“swineherd”)
- ainmm (“name”) + -id → ainmmnid (“nominative case”) = "namer"
- from verb or verbal noun
Usage notes
- This suffix forms i-stem nouns.
Inflection
Slender declension:
| Masculine i-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | -id | -idL | -idiH |
| Vocative | -id | -idL | -idiH |
| Accusative | -idN | -idL | -idiH |
| Genitive | -edoH, -edaH | -edoH, -edaH | -ideN |
| Dative | -idL | -idib | -idib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Broad declension:
| Masculine i-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | -id | -idL | -idiH |
| Vocative | -id | -idL | -idiH |
| Accusative | -idN | -idL | -idiH |
| Genitive | -adoH, -adaH | -adoH, -adaH | -ideN |
| Dative | -idL | -idib | -idib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Derived terms
Old Irish terms suffixed with -id
Descendants
- Irish: -aí
- Manx: -id
References
- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2003), D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 267
Polish
Alternative forms
- -ida
Etymology
From Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /it/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -it
- Syllabification: id
Suffix
-id m
- -ide
- amoniak + -id → amid
Declension
Declension of -id
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | -id | -idy |
| genitive | -idu | -idów |
| dative | -idowi | -idom |
| accusative | -id | -idy |
| instrumental | -idem | -idami |
| locative | -idzie | -idach |
| vocative | -idzie | -idy |
Derived terms
Polish terms suffixed with -id
Further reading
- -id in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- -id in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin -īte (second-person plural present active imperative ending of fourth conjugation verbs).
Suffix
-id
- used to form the informal second-person plural imperative mood of -ir verbs
- venir (“to come”) + -id → ¡Venid! (“Come!”)
Volapük
Suffix
-id
- Forms an ordinal number (adjective) from a cardinal number.
Welsh
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɪd/
Suffix
-id
- forming abstract nouns, -ness, -ment
- cadarn (“strong, robust, sturdy”) + -id → cadernid (“strength, robustness, sturdiness”)
- rhydd (“free”) + -id → rhyddid (“freedom”)
Usage notes
-i causes i-affection of internal vowels.
Suffix
-id
- (literary) verb suffix for the impersonal imperfect/conditional
Usage notes
-id causes i-affection of internal vowels, for example, canu (“to sing”) + -id → cenid (“was being sung, one was singing, would sing, one would sing”).
Derived terms
Welsh terms suffixed with -id