iarr
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish íarraid, from íar (“after”), from Proto-Celtic *eɸirom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“near, at, against”); compare Ancient Greek ἐπί (epí, “on, over, at”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iəɾˠ/
Verb
iarr (present analytic iarrann, future analytic iarrfaidh, verbal noun iarraidh, past participle iarrtha)
- to ask, ask for, request
- to try, attempt
- Synonyms: triail, bain triail as
Conjugation
First Conjugation (A)
singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
indicative | present | iarraim | iarrann tú; iarrair† | iarrann sé, sí | iarraimid | iarrann sibh | iarrann siad; iarraid† | a iarrann; a iarras / a n-iarrann*; a n-iarras* | iarrtar |
past | d'iarr mé; d'iarras / iarr mé‡; iarras‡ | d'iarr tú; d'iarrais / iarr tú; iarrais‡ | d'iarr sé, sí / iarr sé, sí‡ | d'iarramar; d'iarr muid / iarramar; iarr muid‡ | d'iarr sibh; d'iarrabhair / iarr sibh; iarrabhair‡ | d'iarr siad; d'iarradar / iarr siad; iarradar‡ | a d'iarr / ar iarr* | iarradh; hiarradh† | |
past habitual | d'iarrainn / iarrainn‡; n-iarrainn‡‡ | d'iarrtá / iarrtá‡; n-iarrtᇇ | d'iarradh sé, sí / iarradh sé, sí‡; n-iarradh sé, s퇇 | d'iarraimis; d'iarradh muid / iarraimis; iarradh muid‡; n-iarraimis‡‡; n-iarradh muid‡‡ | d'iarradh sibh / iarradh sibh‡; n-iarradh sibh‡‡ | d'iarraidís; d'iarradh siad / iarraidís; iarradh siad‡; n-iarraidís‡‡; n-iarradh siad‡‡ | a d'iarradh / a n-iarradh* | d'iarrtaí / iarrtaí‡; n-iarrta퇇 | |
future | iarrfaidh mé; iarrfad | iarrfaidh tú; iarrfair† | iarrfaidh sé, sí | iarrfaimid; iarrfaidh muid | iarrfaidh sibh | iarrfaidh siad; iarrfaid† | a iarrfaidh; a iarrfas / a n-iarrfaidh*; a n-iarrfas* | iarrfar | |
conditional | d'iarrfainn / iarrfainn‡; n-iarrfainn‡‡ | d'iarrfá / iarrfá‡; n-iarrfᇇ | d'iarrfadh sé, sí / iarrfadh sé, sí‡; n-iarrfadh sé, s퇇 | d'iarrfaimis; d'iarrfadh muid / iarrfaimis‡; iarrfadh muid‡; n-iarrfaimis‡‡; n-iarrfadh muid‡‡ | d'iarrfadh sibh / iarrfadh sibh‡; n-iarrfadh sibh‡‡ | d'iarrfaidís; d'iarrfadh siad / iarrfaidís‡; iarrfadh siad‡; n-iarrfaidís‡‡; n-iarrfadh siad‡‡ | a d'iarrfadh / a n-iarrfadh* | d'iarrfaí / iarrfaí‡; n-iarrfa퇇 | |
subjunctive | present | go n-iarra mé; go n-iarrad† | go n-iarra tú; go n-iarrair† | go n-iarra sé, sí | go n-iarraimid; go n-iarra muid | go n-iarra sibh | go n-iarra siad; go n-iarraid† | — | go n-iarrtar |
past | dá n-iarrainn | dá n-iarrtá | dá n-iarradh sé, sí | dá n-iarraimis; dá n-iarradh muid | dá n-iarradh sibh | dá n-iarraidís; dá n-iarradh siad | — | dá n-iarrtaí | |
imperative | iarraim | iarr | iarradh sé, sí | iarraimis | iarraigí; iarraidh† | iarraidís | — | iarrtar | |
verbal noun | iarraidh | ||||||||
past participle | iarrtha |
* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡ Dependent form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)
Derived terms
- iarracht (“attempt”)
- iarratas (“application”)
- iarrthóir (“candidate”)
Mutation
Irish mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
iarr | n-iarr | hiarr | not applicable |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish iarraid.
Verb
iarr (past dh'iarr, future iarraidh, verbal noun iarraidh, past participle iarrte)
- want
- ask, request, demand
- seek, search, look for, probe
- Chan fhaic 's chan iarr iad. ― They shall neither see nor enquire.
- Synonyms: lorg, sir
- invite
- Iarr e gu pàrtaidh. ― Invite him to a party.
- (dated) pain, purge (as medicine)
Usage notes
- In the sense of requesting or desiring takes the preposition air:
- Dh'iarr e airgead oirre. ― He asked her for money.
- An iarr thu air sin a thachairt? ― Will you desire that to happen?
Derived terms
- iarrtas
References
- Edward Dwelly (1911), “iarr”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language (John Grant, Edinburgh, 1925, Compiled by Malcolm MacLennan)