iacto
Latin
Etymology
From iaciō (“throw”) + -tō (frequentative suffix). See iactus.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈi̯ak.toː/, [ˈi̯äkt̪oː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈjak.to/, [ˈjäkt̪o]
Verb
iactō (present infinitive iactāre, perfect active iactāvī, supine iactātum); first conjugation
- I throw, cast, hurl.
- Synonyms: coniciō, iniciō, adiciō, obiciō, abiciō, permittō, iaciō, trāiciō, iaculor, impingō, ēmittō, mittō, lībrō
- I scatter, toss.
- (figuratively) I disturb, disquiet, torment, agitate, shock.
- 8 CE – 12 CE, Ovid, Tristia 1.41-42:
- carmina sēcessum scrībentis et ōtia quaerunt;
mē mare, mē ventī, mē fera iactat hiems- Verses require of [their] writing [both] solitude and leisure;
the sea, winds, [and] a savage winter disturb me.
(The poet, sailing to exile during wintertime, is disturbed both physically and mentally.)
- Verses require of [their] writing [both] solitude and leisure;
- carmina sēcessum scrībentis et ōtia quaerunt;
- Synonyms: cieo, perpello, molior, instigo, instinguo, agito, turbo, ango
- I utter, speak, throw out.
- I hurl insults.
- I am officious or active in, give myself up to, devote myself to a thing.
- Synonyms: versō, exerceō, operor
- I boast, act conceitedly.
- I am officious.
- (Medieval Latin) I invest.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of iactō (first conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | iactō | iactās | iactat | iactāmus | iactātis | iactant |
| imperfect | iactābam | iactābās | iactābat | iactābāmus | iactābātis | iactābant | |
| future | iactābō | iactābis | iactābit | iactābimus | iactābitis | iactābunt | |
| perfect | iactāvī | iactāvistī | iactāvit | iactāvimus | iactāvistis | iactāvērunt, iactāvēre | |
| pluperfect | iactāveram | iactāverās | iactāverat | iactāverāmus | iactāverātis | iactāverant | |
| future perfect | iactāverō | iactāveris | iactāverit | iactāverimus | iactāveritis | iactāverint | |
| passive | present | iactor | iactāris, iactāre | iactātur | iactāmur | iactāminī | iactantur |
| imperfect | iactābar | iactābāris, iactābāre | iactābātur | iactābāmur | iactābāminī | iactābantur | |
| future | iactābor | iactāberis, iactābere | iactābitur | iactābimur | iactābiminī | iactābuntur | |
| perfect | iactātus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | iactātus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | iactātus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | iactem | iactēs | iactet | iactēmus | iactētis | iactent |
| imperfect | iactārem | iactārēs | iactāret | iactārēmus | iactārētis | iactārent | |
| perfect | iactāverim | iactāverīs | iactāverit | iactāverīmus | iactāverītis | iactāverint | |
| pluperfect | iactāvissem | iactāvissēs | iactāvisset | iactāvissēmus | iactāvissētis | iactāvissent | |
| passive | present | iacter | iactēris, iactēre | iactētur | iactēmur | iactēminī | iactentur |
| imperfect | iactārer | iactārēris, iactārēre | iactārētur | iactārēmur | iactārēminī | iactārentur | |
| perfect | iactātus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | iactātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | iactā | — | — | iactāte | — |
| future | — | iactātō | iactātō | — | iactātōte | iactantō | |
| passive | present | — | iactāre | — | — | iactāminī | — |
| future | — | iactātor | iactātor | — | — | iactantor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | iactāre | iactāvisse | iactātūrum esse | iactārī, iactārier1 | iactātum esse | iactātum īrī | |
| participles | iactāns | — | iactātūrus | — | iactātus | iactandus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| iactandī | iactandō | iactandum | iactandō | iactātum | iactātū | ||
1The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.
Derived terms
- abiectō
- cōniectō
- dēiectō
- ēiectō
- iaciō
- iactābundus
- iactāns
- iactanter
- iactantia
- iactātiō
- iactātor
- iactātus
- iactitō
- obiectō
Descendants
- Late Latin: iectō (see there for further descendants)
- → Portuguese: jactar
- → Sicilian: jattari
- → Spanish: jactar
Participle
iactō
- dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of iactus
References
- “iacto”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- jacto in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- tossed hither and thither by the waves: fluctibus iactari
- to have a severe attack of fever: aestu et febri iactari
- to experience the ups and downs of life: multis casibus iactari
- to use threats: minas iacere, iactare
- the bank-rate varies: nummus iactatur (Off. 3. 20. 80)
- tossed hither and thither by the waves: fluctibus iactari
- iacto in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2023) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
- iacto in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016