hákarl

hákarl

English

Etymology

Icelandic hákarl (“shark”)

Noun

hákarl (uncountable)

1. An Icelandic food, cured fermented shark with a strong ammonia smell.

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Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse hákarl (“a shark”), há- (“marks fish of the shark kind”) +‎ karl (“a man”). Related to háfur (“a dogfish”) and hár (“dogfish”).[1] Confer the Faroese hákallur[1] and Russian аку́ла (akúla).

Pronunciation

• (archaic) IPA^(key): /haːkar(t)l/
• (modern) IPA^(key): /hauː.kartl/

Noun

hákarl m (genitive singular hákarls, nominative plural hákarlar)

1. a Greenland shark, Somniosus microcephalus
2. any shark (scaleless cartilaginous fish)

Usage notes

• The dated term hákerling (see kerling (“woman”)) was once used to refer to sharks as well.

Declension

declension of hákarl

m-s1	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	hákarl	hákarlinn	hákarlar	hákarlarnir
accusative	hákarl	hákarlinn	hákarla	hákarlana
dative	hákarli	hákarlinum	hákörlum	hákörlunum
genitive	hákarls	hákarlsins	hákarla	hákarlanna

Derived terms

Derived terms

• beinhákarl
• háki
• háksi
• kæstur hákarl

Related terms

• háskerðingur

See also

• hapanhai

References

1. Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon — Íslensk orðsifjabók, (1989). Reykjavík, Orðabók Háskólans. (Available on Málið.is under the “Eldra mál” tab.)

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Old Norse

Etymology

See Icelandic hákarl. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

• (12th Century Icelandic) IPA^(key): /hɑ̃ːˌkarl/

Noun

hákarl m (genitive hákarls, plural hákarlar)

1. a shark

Declension

  Declension of hákarl (strong a-stem)

masculine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	hákarl	hákarlinn	hákarlar	hákarlarnir
accusative	hákarl	hákarlinn	hákarla	hákarlana
dative	hákarli	hákarlinum	hákurlum	hákurlunum
genitive	hákarls	hákarlsins	hákarla	hákarlanna

Descendants

• → Middle Dutch: haeye
  • Dutch: haai m
    • Afrikaans: haai
    • → West Frisian: haai
    • → English: haye
    • → Plautdietsch: Heifesch
    • → German: Hai m
    • → Norwegian Nynorsk: hai m
    • → Swedish: haj c
      • → Estonian: hai
      • → Finnish: hai
    • → Danish: haj c
      • Norwegian Bokmål: hai m
    • → Gutnish: haj
• Icelandic: hákarl m (“Greenland shark”)
• Faroese: hákallur m (“basking shark”)
• Norn: håkilling m (“large shark”)
• Norwegian Nynorsk: håkall m (“Greenland shark”), ⇒ håkjerring (< hákerling)
• → Northern Sami: áhkạlakkis
• → Kildin Sami: а̄һклэӈӈк (āhkleŋŋk), а̄һклиӈк (āhkliŋk)
• → Skolt Sami: akkli
• → Middle Russian:
  • Russian: аку́ла f (akúla)
    • → Adyghe: акул (aakʷul)
    • → Azerbaijani: akula
    • → Bashkir: акула (akula)
    • → Belarusian: аку́ла f (akúla)
    • → Bulgarian: аку́ла f (akúla)
    • → Bezhta: акула (akula)
    • → Kazakh: акула (akula)
    • → Kyrgyz: акула (akula)
    • → Macedonian: ајкула f (ajkula)
      • Serbo-Croatian:

        → Cyrillic: а̏јкула f, а̏јкула f

        → Latin: ȁjkula f

    • → Tatar: акула (aqula)
    • → Turkmen: akula
    • → Ukrainian: аку́ла f (akúla)
    • → Uyghur: ئاكۇلا‎ (akula)
    • → Uzbek: akula